Wokora iki mu gihe haje nyamugigima?
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Nyamugigima ifise uburemere 7,8 mu bipimo vya Reichter iherutse kwiha inkumbi muri Turukiya na Syria ishobora kuba ari imwe mu zimaze guhitana abantu benshi muri ino myaka cumi, aho abarenga 8700 muri ibi bihugu vyompi ari bo bamaze kumenyekana ko bapfuye.
Turukiya ni igihugu gikunze guterwa na nyamugigima zikiha inkumbi. Hagati ya 1939 na 1999, yatewe na nyamugigima zitanu zikomeye. Kuva mu 1900, abantu barenga 90.000 baramaze gupfira muri nyamugigima zitari musi ya 76. Inusu y’aba bapfuye hagati ya 1939 na 1999.
Izindi nyamugigima zihaye inkumi muri ino myaka 20 iheze ni izabaye muri Haiti mu 2010 aho abarenga 200.000 bapfuye hamwe no mu 2021 aho abarenga 2.200 bapfuye – no muri Indonesia mu 2018 aho 4.300 bapfuye. Muri Irani mu 2017, abantu barenga 400 barapfiriye kandi muri nyamugigima.
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Kubona nyamugigima zitarashika
Nk’uko abahinga babivuga, n’aho bishoboka ko ahashobora guterwa na nyamugigima hashobora kumenyekana, ikibazo ni ukumenya igihe zishobora kubera. None turashobora kuzibona zitaraba?
Dr Stephen Hicks, umuhinga mu bijanye na za nyamugigima kw’ishure kaminuza Imperial College rya Londres, avuga ati: "Ikibabaje ni uko bidashoboka".
"Ariko ico dushobora gukora ni ukuzitegurira. Turashobora kugereranya. Mu turere tumwe tumwe nka California muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, be no mu Buyapani, amakuru avuga umuzo wa nyamugigima agenda aba ay’ukuri."
Ni ibiki ushobora gukora ku bw’umutekano, hanyuma kandi ni ibiki udashobora gukora?
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Kwama witeguye
N’aho bitoroshe kumenya igihe nyamugigima ishobora gushika, nk’uko abahinga babivuga, ni ngombwa kwama witeguye, ibi bigasigura ko utegerezwa kwama ufise integuro y’ico wokora mu gihe habaye nyamugigima.
Dr Hicks asigura ati: "Nimba uba mu karere gakunze guterwa na za nyamugigima, utegerezwa kuba ufise ibintu nkenerwa vyo kwikorako mu bihe bidasanzwe."
Muri ivyo bintu hategerezwa kubamwo amazi y’integabizoza, itoroshi, ibikoresho vy’ubutabazi mu buryo bwihuta, hamwe n’imfungurwa.
Nk’uko ishirahamwe Croix rouge ribivuga, ivyo bikoresho bitegerezwa kuba birimwo amafaranga hamwe kandi n’amakopi yawe y’impapuro ngirakamaro, nk’akarorero urutonde rw’imiti usanzwe ufata.
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Guma aho uri, mu gihe wizeye ko inzu urimwo itekanye
Nk’uko ikigo c’abahinga co muri Amerika, United States Geological Survey, kibivuga, ufise amahirwe menshi yo kudakomereka mu gihe ugumye aho uri. Rero nturondere kujarajara wiruka uja hanze canke mu bindi vyumba mu gihe hariko haraba nyamugigima, nk’uko aba bahinga babihanura.
"Kwunama, kwipfuka no kuguma aho uri" ni co civugo kugira ngo wikingire, nk’uko abahinga babivuga.
Kugenda wavura birashobora kugukingira ibintu bikoroka kandi bikagutuma uzunguka bukebuke, bibaye ngombwa.
Nimba winyegeje musi y’imeza kandi ubona ko ata yandi mahungiro hafi yawe, ni vyiza ko uguma hamwe gushika ivyo kugigimba bihagaze.
Ikintu kiri mu vya mbere mu kwikingira ni uguhagarara mu muryango. Ariko abahinga bavuga ko umutekano wawe ushobora kuba ukingiwe cane musi y’imeza mu gihe usanzwe uba mu nzu ishaje.
Amadirisha n’impome zo hanze biri mu bintu vya mbere vy’inzu bitangura kubomoka. Rero impanuro ni ukuguma kure y’ivyo bibanza bishobora kukubangamira.
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Sohoka iyo hatekanye
Iyo kugigimba vyahagaze, mu bisanzwe ni vyiza gusohoka hanze mu gihe ubona ko inzu urimwo ishobora gusenyuka.
Ibi vyose ni mu gihe nyamugigima yagusanze mu nzu. None mu gihe ije uri hanze wovyifatamwo gute?
Abahinga bavuga bati: "Guma aho uri". Kwigira kure y’inyubakwa, intsinga z’umuyagankuba, ibinogo, imiringoti y’igitoro na gaze, gushobora kukugabaniriza ivyago vyo gukomereka.
Ni vyiza kandi guhungira ahantu hiyaguye, kure y’ibiti, y’inkingi z’amaterefone n’inyubakwa.
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Guma kure y’igishobora kukuzanira ingorane
Nk’uko bivugwa n’ikigo Earthquake Country Alliance, abenshi mu bakomeretse n’abapfuye vyavuye ku bintu vyabaguyeko canke vyabagurukiyeko nka tereviziyo, amatara, ibiyo vy’amadirisha n’ububati bw’ibitabo.
Inzira imwe yo kwirinda gukomereka ni ugupfungira ibikoresho biremereye ku rukuta ukoresheje imigozi yoroshe.
Ahandi hashobora kuva ingorane ni mu gihe gaze iciye mu miringoti yatobotse kubera nyamugigima.
Dr Hicks atanga akarorero ka nyamugigima yo muri San Francisco mu 1906 yahitanye abantu barenga 3.000.
"Abenshi mu bapfuye vyavuye kw’iturika ry’imiringoti itwara gaze, ntivyavuye mu kugigimba kw’isi canke amazu yabomotse", niko avuga, agahanura ko umuntu yokwigira kure y’ibintu bishobora gufatwa n’umuriro.
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Gukora imyimenyerezo ijanye n’igihe ca nyamugigima
Dr Hicks arerekana kandi akamaro ko gukora imyimenyerezo ijanye na nyamugigima.
Ati: "Mu bihugu bimwe bimwe, hariho imyimenyerezo ijanye n’igihe ca nyamugigima, aho abanyagihugu bose bategerezwa kuja kwiga uko bifata mu gihe haje nyamugigima.
"Ariko ibi bishobora kuba bitakozwe muri karya karere ka Turukiya kubera hari haciye igihe kirekire ata nyamugigima ihavuzwe."
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
