Sudan: Ibintu bitanu womenya ku mishamirano ivuye ku bagabo babiri Burhan na Dagalo

Haravugwa intambara zikomeye cane muri Sudani mu gihe ingwano hagati y’imirwi ya gisirikare ibiri zibandanya zikwirakwira igihugu.

Imishamirano hagati y’igisirikare n’umurwi wa gisirikare uzwi nka Rapid Support Forces (RSF) yabandanije mw’ijiro ryakeye rishira umusi ugira gatatu.

Abantu bababa 100 baramaze kwicwa, nk’uko sendika y’abaganga ibivuga, mu gihe ibindi biharuro bivuga ko abantu 1.100 bamaze gukomereka.

Impande zompi zivuga ko zigenzura ibice nyamukuru vy’umugwa mukuru Khartoum, aho abanyagihugu binyegeje mu kwikinga amabombe.

Mu gatondo k’ejo ku wa Mungu, bari bumvikanye agahengwe gatoya kugira ngo abakomeretse bashobore guhungishwa, n’aho bidatomoye ko bagakurikije.

Abaganga bagabisha ko ibintu vyifashe nabi cane mu bitaro vy’ i Khartoum, kandi ko intambara zibuza abakozi n’ibikoresho gushikira abakomeretse.

Izi ntambara ziri mu bigize urugamba rukomeye rwo kurwanira ubutegetsi hagati y’abategetsi babiri ba gisirikare muri ico gihugu, impande zihanganye zikaba ziriko zirashamirana.

Iyi mishamirano yavuye kuki neza na neza?

Sudani irongowe n’abajenerali kuva ubutegetsi bwa Omar al-Bashir yahoze arongoye iki gihugu butembagarijwe mu 2019.

Turabire hamwe ibintu nyamukuru vyotuma utahura ibiriko birabera muri kino gihugu ca Afrika.

Imishamirano hagati y’umutegetsi wa Sudan muri iki gihe, Jenerali Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, hamwe n’umukuru w’umuhari wa RSF, Jenerali Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, yaturutse ku kutumvikana ku kungene igihugu cosubizwa mu butegetsi bwa gisivire.

1. Intandaro y’iyi ntambara

Kuva habaye itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi mu kw’icumi 2021, Sudani irongowe n’Inama nkuru y’abajenerali. Aba basirikare ni bo bahanganye.

Ku ruhande rumwe, hari Jenerali Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, arongoye ibiro bikuru vya gisirikare, mu vy’ukuri akaba ari we mukuru w’igihugu.

Ku rundi ruhande, icegera ciwe akongera akaba n’umukuru w’umuhari RSF, Jenerali Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, asanzwe azwi kw’izina rya Hemedi.

Ntibumvikana ku nzira igihugu kiriko kirafata n’ingene ubutegetsi bwosubizwa mu minwe y’abasivire.

Kimwe mu bibazo nyamukuru cerekeranywe ni integuro zo kwinjiza mu gisirikare ingabo 100.000 za RSF, hamwe n’uworongora igisirikare gishasha.

2. Ingene ingwano zatanguye ku wa gatandatu?

Imishamirano yatanguye igihe abagize umuhari RSF basubiye kurungikwa mu mpande zitandukanye z’igihugu, igisirikare kikabona ko iyi ngendo yari ibangamiye igihugu.

Vyari vyitezwe ko iki kibazo cari gutorerwa umuti biciye mu mwumvikano, ariko ntaco vyashitseko.

Ntibizwi neza uwatanguye kurasa ku wa gatandatu, ariko hari ubwoba ko imishamirano ishobora gutuma ibintu biyangara muri kino gihugu gisanzwe cifitiye n’umutekano muke.

Abaserukira ibihugu vyabo muri ico gihugu basaba impande zompi guhagarika intambara.

3. RSF, ni igiki?

Rapid Support Forces, RSF, yashinzwe mu 2013 ikaba ifise amamuko mu murwi karuhariwe w’abarwanyi ba gisirikare wari uzwi nka Janjaweed, warwanije bikomeye inyeshamba za Darfur.

Kuva ico gihe, Jenerali Dagalo yarubatse igisirikare gikomeye cagize uruhara mu ntambara zo muri Yemen na Libya, kikaba kigenzura uturere tumwe tumwe twa Sudani ducukurwamwo ubutare.

Izi ngabo kandi ziragirizwa ihonyangwa ry’agateka ka zina muntu, harimwo igandagurwa ry’abantu barenga 120 bari mu myiyerekano mu kwa gatandatu 2019.

Ingabo nk’izo ziri hanze y’igisirikare zibonwa nk’isoko ry’umutekano muke.

4. Kubera iki igisirikare ari co kirongoye igihugu ?

Intambara zo ku wa gatandatu ziri mu bigize imishamirano yakurikiye itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Omar al-Bashir mu 2019.

Ni inyuma y’imyiyerekano ikomeye yo kwiyamiriza ubutegetsi bwiwe bwari bumaze imyaka hafi 30, igisirikare kikaba cahavuye gitegura coup d'état yo kumukura ku butegetsi.

Abasivire bagumye basaba ko bahabwa ikibanza mu nteguro yo gushiraho ubutegetsi bushingiye ku ntwaro rusangi.

Reta ihuriyemwo abasivire n’abasirikare yarashinzwe, ariko iyi yahavuye isubira gutembagazwa mu kw’icumi 2021.

Kuva ico gihe, icuka kibi hagati ya Jeneral Burhan na Jenerali Dagalo cariyongereye.

Mu kw’icumi na kabiri kw’umwaka uheze, harabaye amasezerano yo gusubiza ubutegetsi abasivire, ariko ibiganiro vyo kurangiza iyi nteguro ntaco vyashitseko.

5. None ubu ni ibiki biriko biraba ?

Mu gihe intambara zobandanya, zishobora gucamwo ibice igihugu ibintu bikayangara.

Abaserukira ibihugu vyabo, aba bakaba baragize uruhara mu kugerageza gusaba ko ubutegetsi busubizwa abasivire, baripfuza cane kuronka inzira yo guhuza aba bajenerali.

Hagati aho, Abanyasudani ni bo bagiye kuba mu bindi bihe bigoye.

Hari amakuru avuga ko abategetsi bo mu karere Sudani irimwo - barimwo presiza wa Djibouti - kuri uno wa mbere baza kuja i Khartoum kurondera ingene bohuza Burhan na Dagalo kugira ngo haboneke agahengwe.