Ukraine-Russia: Ubwo amatora yo muri Amerika arashobora guhindura intambara?

Na Bernd Debusmann Jr & Hugo Bachega

BBC News, Washington & Kyiv

Igabisha ry’aba Repubulika ko bashobora kugabanya imfashanyo ihabwa Ukraine mu gihe boramuka batsinze amatora bakiganzira inama nshingamateka na nkenguzamateka iriko yongereza akariro mu matora yimirije. Ariko none, koko hari icohinduka.

Videwo yashizwe ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi n’ubushikiranganji bwa Ukraine bujejwe kwivuna abansi yerekana ikiboneka nka kimwe mu vyerekana ubushobozi bw’iki gihugu mu ntambara yaco n’Uburusiya.

Yerekana inguvu za roketi yakorewe muri Amerika irashwe mu kirere, ikurikiwe n’urubeya rw’umuriro rumukira mu kirere c’ijoro igihe yari igemye ico yari igenewe.

Iki kirwanisho, kizwi nka HIMARS (mu majambo yose High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), ni kimwe muri 18 gushika ubu Amerika imaze guha Ukraine. Kiri mu mfashanyo nini cane ifise agaciro k’imiriyoni 52 z’amadorari y’abanyamerika, ikaba ingana incuro zibiri y’izindi mfashanyo zimaze gutangwa n’ibindi bihugu vyose biri hamwe.

Abahinga ba gisirikare hamwe na reta ya Ukraine bavuga ko iyi mfashanyo yabaye kirumara mu bikorwa vyabo.

Mark Cancian yahoze ari koroneri mu gisirikare ca Amerika akaba n’umuhinga mu bijanye no kwivuna abansi mu kigo Center for Strategic & International Studies avuga ati: "Abanya-Ukraine baba barakubiswe iyo kitaba iki”.

Ariko rero izi mfashanyo zishobora guhura n’ikibazo. Bamwe mu bashingamateka b’aba Repubulika baribaza akamaro kazo mu gihe Abanyamerika batorohewe n’iduga ry’ibiciro.

Abarepubulika bavuga iki ku mfashanyo zihabwa Ukraine?

Mu ntango z’ukwa cumi, uwurongoye inkehwa mu nama nshingamateka Kevin McCarthy – akaba ari we mutegetsi ari ku rwego rwo hejuru ku ruhande rw’aba Repubulika mu nama nshingamateka - avuga ko inama nshingamateka na nkenguzamateka zititeguye kwemerera Ukraine ibidashoboka.

Ubu, umugambwe wiwe niwo uhabwa amahirwe yo kwiganzira inama nshingamateka ari nayo itegura ivyemezo vyose vy’amafaranga akoreshwa, nk’uko ibwirizwashingiro rya Amerika ribitegekanya. Nk’umukuru w’inama nshingamateka, McCarthy niwe azofata ingingo ku nteguro z’amategeko ashikanwa mu nama nshingamateka kugira ngo zemezwe canke zihakanwe.

N’abandi ba Repubulika bashikiriza amakenga nk’ayo nyene. Mu kwa gatanu, nk’akarorero, umukenguzamateka wa Missouri Josh Hawley yavuze ko imfashanyo ya Ukraine idatangwa “mu nyungu za Amerika” kandi ko “ituma Ubulaya ata ruhara bugira”.

Aya majambo asa n’ayerekaye ukutumvikana kuri mu mugambwe, mu gihe uwahoze ari icegera c’umukuru w’igihugu Mike Pence yiyamiriza bikomeye abakorera Putin bama bazana ivyitwazo, hamwe n’abanywanyi b’umugambwe wiwe “bashobora kudutuma twitandukanya n’isi yose”.

Hampande y’uyo, umukuru w’abakenguzamateka b’aba Repubulika Mitch McConnell asaba Maison Blanche/White House (ibiro vy’umukuru w’igihugu wa Amerika) kwongerereza Ukraine imfashanyo, akavuga ko Amerika ikeneye “gukora gusumba igaha Ukraine ibikoresho ikeneye kugira ngo irwanye igitero c’Uburusiya”.

Igisumbirije, ni uko abarepubulika - 57 mu nama nshingamateka hamwe na 11 mu nama nkenguzamateka – ni bo bonyene batemeje imfashanyo yari igenewe Ukraine ifise agaciro k’imiriyoni 40 z’amadorari mu mpera z’urushana.

None koko Amerika irashobora guhagarika imfashanyo?

Amakenga abandanya yiyongera i Bulaya ku gishobora gushika.

Tobias Ellwood, umushingamateka w’Ubwongereza arongoye umurwi ujejwe kwivuna abansi mu nama nshingamateka, yabwiye ikinyamakuru Washington Post ati: "Mu gihe Amerika yovanamwo akarenge, Putin yoca yikura mu menyo y’urupfu agashikira intsinzi”.

Ariko abategetsi ba Ukraine hamwe n’abihweza ibintu n’ibindi b’abanyamerika bavuga ko bidashoboka ko imfashanyo ihagarikwa ubwo nyene, uko ari ko kwose amatora yo mu kw’icumi na rimwe yogenda.

Avugana na BBC i Kyiv, umushikiranganji wo kwivuna abansi wa Ukraine Oleksii Reznikov avuga ko imibonano aherutse kugiriranira n’abashingamateka ba Amerika - harimwo aba Democrats n’abaRepubulika - yamuhaye icizere.

Ati: "Naronse ibimenyetso ko uwotsinda wese...impande zompi zobandanya zishigikira imfashanyo kuri Ukraine. Ico ndacemera”.

John Herbst yari umuserukizi wa Amerika i Kyiv hagati ya 2003 na 2006, avuga ko McCarthy ashobora kugwa mu mutego wa poritike ku nyungu z’uruhande rw’abagendera ku vyiyuviro vya kera mu mugambwe wiwe.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Nta nkeka ko ku ruhande rw’abanywanyi ba Trump, hari impungenge ku mfashanyo ihabwa Ukraine, mbere hakaba, n’aho boba ari bake muri bo, abatabona ryiza Ukraine, be n’abandi bubaha Uburusiya bwa Putin”.

Yongerako y’uko hari amahirwe ko urwo ruhande muri uyo mugambwe rushobora kugira inguvu mu nama nshingamateka na nkenguzamateka inyuma y’amatora, ariko ic’uko ibi bishobora gutuma imfashanyo ihagarara, ni ikindi kibazo.

Aba Democrats bishura ku majambo ya McCarthy bashimangira ko bashigikiye Ukraine, ariko ntibabuze ababarwanya mu mugambwe wabo kuri ico kibazo.

Hari umurwi w’abaDemocrats vyabaye ngombwa ko basokora urwandiko rwabo rwasaba ko haba ibiganiro mu ntumbero yo kurangiza intambara muri Ukraine, inyuma yo kwagirizwa ko bariko basuzugura Perezida Joe Biden.

Abanyagihugu ba Amerika biyumva gute kuri ino ntambara yo muri Ukraine?

Amatohoza yerekana ko abenshi bagishigikiye iyi ntambara ariko hari ibimenyetso ko ibitigiri bigenda bigabanuka uko intambara iba ndende.

Mu kwezi guheze, 20% vy’abanyamerika bavuze ko Amerika iriko iha Ukraine imfashanyo zirenze urugero, nk’uko bivugwa n’ikigo Pew Research, mu gihe abavuga gutyo bari 12% mu kwa gatanu, bakaba bari 7% mu kwa gatatu.

Ariko hari igice kinini c’abanyamerika bashigikiye ko iyo mfashanyo ibandanya itangwa – bangana na 73% mu ntango z’uku kwezi nk’uko biri mu biharuro bitangazwa na Reuters/Ipsos.

Mu gihe kazoza k’imfashanyo y’igihe kirekire ya Amerika kuri Ukraine kadatomoye, Herbst abona ko abanyagihugu bazobandanya babishigikiye mu gihe abanyaporitike bobisigura neza.

Ati: "Urashobora gushira hamwe impande zompi muri Amerika, imigambwe yompi ikavuga ururimi rumwe yerekana ingaruka mbi [z’ibikorwa vy’Uburusiya muri Ukraine]".

"Mu gihe ibi vyoba, nta nkeka ko no mu myaka ibiri canke itatu iri imbere, Abanyamerika bazoba bashigikiye ko uburyo bwozotangwa nk’uko buriko buratangwa uno musi”.