Kenya yatanguye gukoresha isumu yo kwica umuriyoni w'ibikona

Kwumva havugwa ''inyoni z'ivyaduka'' umenga ni ivyo mu ma sinema ya Hollywood ariko ku bantu baba ku nkengera z'ibahari muri Kenya, si inkuru ya harabaye.

Abategetsi muri ako karere barahanzwe n'ububisha bw'ivyo bikona bikomoka mu Buhindi ku buryo ubu batanguye kwica umuriyoni wavyo kugira babigabanye.

Nta bantu bitera, nko muri sinema iteye ubwoba yitwa The Birds ya Alfred Hitchcock, ariko ivyo bikona bimaze imyaka bihungabanya cane, mu kurya inyamaswa, mu gushwara ibibanza vy'abakerarugendo no mu gutera ahatungiwe inkoko, imbata canke izindi nyoni.

Ubu hariko harakoreshwa isumu mu bisagara vya Watamu na Malindi kugira hicwe igice ca mbere c'ubwo bwoko bw'inyoni ataco bwibanga.

Iryo sekeza rigamije kubuza ivyo bikona gushika ku murwa mukuru Nairobi.

Izo nyoni, zizwi aho ku nkengera z'ibahari nka ''kunguru'' canke ''kurabu'', zikomoka mu Buhindi no mu bindi bice vya Aziya, akenshi bikaba vyakwiragiye ahandi bigendera ku bwato butwaye ibicuruzwa.

Ariko vyibazwa ko vyazanywe n'ibigirankana muri Afrika y'ubuseruko mu myaka ya 1890 mu nzira yo gutorera inyishu ikibazo c'umucafu mu mazinga ya Zanzibar ico gihe yatwarwa n'Ubwongereza. Kuva aho vyaciye bikwiragira i musozi hanyuma biraduga bishika muri Kenya.

Vyatanguye kuboneka ku kivuko ca Mombasa mu 1947 hanyuma kuva ico gihe, vyagumye bigwira cane, kubera abantu nabo bagumye baba benshi gutyo haca hagwira ibirundo vy'iyarara, ari navyo biba ikibanza ciza kuri ivyo bikona mu kuronka ivyo kurya no kugwira. Kandi ntibifise ibindi bikoko bibihiga ngo bibirye.

Ivyo bikona bikomoka mu Buhindi, bifatwa nka bimwe mu nyoni zonona cane kw'isi, vyarakomeje inzira yavyo bigana mu buraruko (mu majaruguru).

Jaap Gijsbertsen, umuhinga w'inyoni wo mu Buholandi, ariko aragendera akarere ka Watamu, yabwiye BBC ati:

"Birarya ubwoko buhasanzwe, atari inyoni gusa kuko birarya n'ibikoko vyonsa, ibikoko vyikurura hasi - rero ingaruka ku binyabuzima ni ibara."

Abaharanira kubungabunga ibidukikije bavuga ko ivyo bikona vyagabanuye cane igitigiri c'inyoni ntonto zari zisanzwe muri ako karere nk'umununi, mu kwaruza (gusambura) ivyari vyazo birondera amagi canke imiswi.

Lennox Kirao, umushakashatsi wo mu kigo c'ukubungabunga ibidukikije A Rocha Kenya, avuga ati: "Iyo inyoni zari zihasanzwe zigabanutse, ibidukikije bica bitangura kumererwa nabi.

"Hashobora guca hagwirirana utunyabuzima n'udukoko duto duto inyoni zirya dushobora kuzibangamira."

Bironona kandi imirima, ibitungwa n'inkoko.

Eunice Katana, aba mu kigwati ca Takaye mu ntara ya Kilifi muri Kenya, avuga ati:

"Biratwara imiswi bikayirya nk'ivyasaze. Izi si inyoni zisanzwe, bikora bunyamaswa."

Bizwi kandi kw'ijwi vyisangije mu kubwirana ko hari ikibigeramiye - canke iyo bibonye ico bifata, nk'uko Kirao abivuga.

Izo nyoni zarayoberanije amazu i Mombasa mu kunya ku mpome no ku mabati yazo, abantu nabo basigaye batinya kwicara munsi y'agatutu k'ibiti banka ko zibanyako.

Victor Kimuli atuye i Mombasa yabwiye BBC ati: "Ibi bikona bivyuka kare cane bikadukoma mw'itiro n'urwamwo rwavyo rutaryoheye amatwi."

Kubera ivyo bibazo vyose, abategetsi basanze bategerezwa kugira ico bakoze kugira bagabanye ica kabiri c'ivyo bikona bikomoka mu Buhindi mu kubiha isumu, ivyo bikaba vyatanguye gukorwa ku wa kabiri.

Ivyo bibaye haheze amezi hari ukugisha inama abahinga mu bidukikije, abarongoye imibano n'abaserukira igisata c'amahoteri, nk'uko bivugwa n'urwego rwa Kenya rujejwe inyamaswa (Kenya Wildlife Service, KWS).

Igikorwa co kugabanya kigiye kumara amezi, ivyo bigaca mu kubiha ikibikwegakwega - mu gushira inyama ahabona, kugira vyegeranire mu bibanza bitandukanye aho bisanzwe bikunda gutorera.

Eric Kinoti, wo muri A Rocha Kenya, avuga ati: "Duca rero tubiha isumu tumaze kubona ko hakoraniye igitigiri kinini gishoboka aho tuba twashize ibibikwegakwega."

Iyo sumu y'inyoni yitwa Starlicide gushika ubu ni wo muti wonyene vyabonetse ko ukora neza mu kugabanya igitigiri c'ibikona, ata ngaruka ugize ku zindi nyoni n'ibindi bikoko.

Ibikona hafi 2.000 vyarishwe mu 2022 mu gikorwa co kuraba ingene iyo sumu ikora cakozwe na Little Kenya Gardens, kompanyi yahawe uruhusha rwo kuzana iyo sumu, nk'uko bivugwa na Cecilia Ruto, nyene iyo kompanyi.

Uwo mugore avuga ati: "Iyo sumu yica bukebuke yose iherera mu mubiri w'ico gikona imbere y'uko gipfa - bisigura ko hari impungenge nke ko hari ibindi bikoko vyokwicwa n'iyo sumu mu gihe vyorya ico gikona capfuye."

Gushika ubu mu gihugu hari ibiro 2 (2kg) vy'iyo sumu bigereranywa ko bishobora kwica ibikona hafi 20.000 muri iyo nzira yo kubigabanya. Ariko hategekanijwe kuzana iyindi iva muri Nouvelle-Zélande (New Zealand).

Ariko ikoreshwa ryayo muri Kenya ryarateye amakenga abaharanira uburenganzira bw'inyoni n'ibikoko ku bibereye gukorwa, aho bavuga ko guha ivyo bikona isumu ari "ukubura ubuntu" kandi ko hari hakwiye kugeragezwa uburyo butica.

Leonard Onyango aharanira ibidukikije avuga ati: "Kuziha isumu ikivunga n'inyishu y'igihe gito kandi ntibivanaho umuzi w'ikibazo."

Abandanya avuga ati: "Birakenewe ko higwa uburyo buramye, bwa kimuntu bw'ingene hatunganywa ico kibazo c'ibikona."

Ariko abari muri uwo mugambi bavuga ko bikenewe ko ibinyabuzima bihanzwe bikingirwa kandi n'uko atacorengera ikindi mu bidukikije.

Kirao, ari muri uwo mugambi wo kugabanya ibikona, avuga ati: "Hamwe ataco twokora ubu dushobora kuzosanga ataco tugishobora gukiza."

Si bwo bwa mbere reta ifashe umugambi wo kugabanya ubwoko bw'inyoni zibangamira ibindi bidukikije.

Igihe vyageragezwa ubwa mbere haraheze imyaka irenga 20, vyaragabanije izo nyoni, ariko reta mu nyuma yaciye ibuza kuzana iyo sumu ya Starlicide, mu nzira yo gucungera neza ivyinjira mu gihugu.

Bene amahoteri bidoga ko uretse ahatabwa amayarara, mu mahoteri y'ingenzi ari ibibanza ivyo bikona bikunda guhigamwo, usanga vyuzuye mu bibanza vy'uburiro, bihungabanya abashitsi mu gihe baba bariko barihereza ivyo kurya.

Maureen Awuor, umukuru w'ishirahamwe ry'abakoresha amahoteri no gutunganiriza abashitsi muri Kenya, avuga ati: "Ibi bikona biragora cane abashitsi baza mu mahoteri yacu aho baba bakeneye kwihereza ivyo kurya bari ku musenyi."

Amwe mu mahoteri aratega akica ivyo bikona mu gihe ayandi yarondeye abakozi bavyirukana bakoresheje imanati (abandi bita itopito).

Ariko kuzitega ngo ntaco bishikako kuko izo nyoni zizi ubwenge ku buryo zica zitangura kwinuba aho ziba zabonye ko zigenzi zazo zaguye mu mutego.

N'ubwo igitigiri c'izigiye kugabanywa ari kinini cane, abategetsi basanga ata kundi bari bugire, na cane cane ko hari ubwoba ko ivyo bikona bishobora gukwira igihugu cose.

Ivyo bikona biramaze kubonwa mu karere ka Mtito Andei - ku birometero hafi 240 uvuye ku murwa mukuru Nairobi, nk'uko abaharanira kubungabunga ibidukikije bavuga.

Kirao ati: "Ikinteye ubwoba kurusha ibindi ni uko, ataco dukoze ubu, ivyo bikona bizoshika i Nairobi. Ivyo bizogeramira cane inyoni mu gihugu, na cane cane mu ruhongore kama rwa Nairobi (Nairobi National Park)."