Intambara y'ubudandaji: Mbega Trump yoba apfa iki n'Ubushinwa, ni igiki gishobora kuba?

Trump

Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images

    • Umwanditsi, John Sudworth
    • Igikorwa, Umunyamakuru muri Ameruka y'uburaruko

Mu kanya gato, intambara y'ubudandaji ya Donald Trump yerekanye intumbero yayo gusumba.

Aho kuba intambara arwana ku mpande zose z'isi, ubu bisa n'ibimaze kugaragara ko ari intambara ibera ku rwasiro Trump amenyereye: Amerika n'Ubushinwa.

Ni vyo ko yaraye atangaje ko abaye arahagaritse mu kiringo c'imisi 90 amakori y'umurengera yo "kwihora" ku bihugu bitari bike, ariko amakori ya 10% yoyo agumaho.

Ariko Ubushinwa bwobwo – igihugu gishora hanze ibintu vyose, kuva ku ma terefone ngendanwa ya iPhones gushika no ku bikinisho vy'abana, kandi mu bidandazwa vyinjira muri Amerika bivuye hanze, 14 % bikaba biva mu Bushinwa – bwiziziwe mu buryo butangaje cane, aho yabudugirije amakori gushika kuri 125%.

Trump avuga ko yafashe iyi ngingo kubera Pékin/Beijing (ubutegetsi bw'Ubushinwa) yerekanye ko yiteguye kwihora, mu kuduza amakori ku bicuruzwa vyose vyinjira mu Bushinwa bivuye muri Amerika ku rugero rwa 84%, ingingo Perezida Trump avuga ko ari ukwerekana "ukutubaha".

Ariko nk'umunyaporitike yasubiye ku butegetsi bwa Amerika akoresheje amajambo yo kurwanya Ubushinwa, hari vyinshi vyinyegeje inyuma gusumba ihorihori risanzwe uko nyene.

Mu bisanzwe, Trump ariko arabandanya n'umugambi yari yaratanguye mu kiringo ciwe ca mbere ariko akagenda atawuhejeje.

Yabwiye abanyamakuru ati: "Nta mwanya twaronse wo gukora icari gikwiye, ni co turiko turakora ubu."

Intego si iyindi atari uguhindura uburyo bwari buhasanzwe mu bijanye n'ubudandaji mpuzamakungu bushingiye ku Bushinwa, kandi uravye kw'isi yose ibihugu bitari bike bikaba vyari vyishimiye ku kungene bikorana n'Ubushinwa mu vyo ubudandaji.

Ubu, Ubushinwa buhingura 60% vy'imodokari zikoresha umuyagankuba kw'isi yose

Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters

Insiguro y'isanamu, Ubu, Ubushinwa buhingura 60% vy'imodokari zikoresha umuyagankuba kw'isi yose
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Kugira ngo utahure neza ukuntu iki kintu gihambaye mu migambi ya Perezida Trump, ni vyiza kubanza ugasubiza amaso inyuma, imbere y'uko haba n'umuntu yiyumvira ko yari no gushobora kwitoza, tutavuze ivyo gushobora gutsinda amatora.

Mu 2012, igihe natangura gukorera i Shanghai nk'umunyamakuru, umugwa mukuru w'ubutunzi w'Ubushinwa, abantu bose - baba abarongoye ibigo mpuzamakungu vy'ubudandaji, abategetsi b'Ubushinwa, abarongoye ibihugu canke intumwa z'ibihugu bitandukanye mu vyo ubudandaji, abanyamakuru mvamakungu canke abahinga mu bijanye n'ubutunzi - babona kogukorana n'Ubushinwa mu buryo bwa hafi mu bijanye n'ubudandaji ko cari ikintu cumvikana cane.

Bwaratumye iterambere ryiyongera kw'isi yose, mu gutanga ibicuruzwa vyinshi cane ku giciro kitavuna, amamiriyoni n'amamiriyoni bakaronka ubuzi mu nganda z'Ubushinwa, ikintu cahaye amahirwe menshi amakompanyi mpuzamakungu atari make yo gushorera ibicuruzwa vyabo muri ico gihugu, aho ubuzima bw'abanyagihugu bwariko burisununura.

Inyuma y'imyaka mike kuva nshitseyo, Ubushinwa bwari bwarengeye Amerika mu kuba isoko rinini kw'isi ry'imodoka za Rolls Royce, General Motors na Volkswagen.

Ariko hariho n'iyindi nsiguro ikomeye.

Uko Ubushinwa bwarushirizaho kuduga nk'igihugu gitunze, hari abibaza ko ariko Abashinwa bari guca batangura gusaba ko haba impinduka muri poritike.

Bibaza kandi ko, uko abanyagihugu b'Ubushinwa bagura ibicuruzwa, vyabo vyari gutuma isura y'ubutunzi bw'igihugu ihinduka igatera iba nk'iy'ubutunzi bw'ibihugu vy'uburengero, aho umuguzi agira ijambo rikomeye.

Ariko si ko vyagenze. Ica mbere muri ivyo abantu biyumvira nticigeze kiba, kuko umugambwe w'Abakomunista uri ku butegetsi ata kindi ubandanya ukora atari ugutsimbatara ku butegetsi.

Eka n'ica kabiri nticashotse gikunda kuko Ubushinwa, hejuru y'uko bubeshejweho cane n'ivyo bushorera hanze, bufise intego ahubwo yo kwiganza gusumba.

Intego shingiro yabwo karuhariwe – yasohowe mu 2015 ikaba yitwa Made in China 2025 – yerekanye imbonakazoza idasanzwe, imbonakazoza ishigikiwe na reta kandi ifise intego yo gufata iya mbere mu bisata nyamukuru bitari bike mu vy'amahinguriro, kuva mu bijanye no kugenzura ibirere ukaja mu vyo guhingura amato gushika no ku mamodokari akoresha umuyagankuba.

Niho inyuma y'umwaka umwe gusa, umuntu atari azwi na gato muri poritike, yinjira mu rugamba rwo kurondera kurongora Amerika, adahengeshanya kwerekana buri gihe ko iduga ry'Ubushinwa ryabangamiye ubutunzi bwa Amerika, ko ryatumye amahinguriro ya Amerika atembagara, maze abakozi bagatakaza ubuzi bwabo n'icubahiro cabo.

Intambara y'ubudandaji mu kiringo ca mbere ca Trump yarahinduye ukungene ibintu vyari bimenyerewe. Uwamukurikiye, Perezida Joe Biden, yaragumijeho amakori atari make ku Bushinwa.

Hagati aho, nubwo ata nkeka ko yababaje Ubushinwa ku rugero kanaka, nta kintu kinini yahinduye ku kungene ibijanye n'ubutunzi bitunganijwe ku rwego mpuzamakungu.

Ubu, Ubushinwa buhingura 60% vy'imodokari zikoresha umuyagankuba kw'isi yose – nyinshi muri zo zigahingurwa n'amakompanyi yabwo – hamwe na 80% y'amabateri zikoresha.

Rero ubu, Trump yagarutse, na poritike yiwe y'ingere ku yindi ku bijanye n'amakori.

Umukuru w'igihugu c'Ubushinwa ‘ni umwe mu bantu b’inkerebutsi kuruta abandi bose kw’isi’ - Trump

Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters

Insiguro y'isanamu, Umukuru w'igihugu c'Ubushinwa 'ni umwe mu bantu b'inkerebutsi kuruta abandi bose kw'isi' - Trump

Ibizokurikira bizovana n'ibintu bibiri nyamukuru.

Ubwa mbere, ubwo Ubushinwa burashobora kwemera ibiganiro?

Ubwa kabiri, ari nka hamwe bwogondozwa bukemera ibiganiro, ubwo bwoba bwiteguriye kwemera ivyo Amerika ibusaba, cane cane nk'ibijanye no gusubiramwo itunganywa ry'ubutunzi bwabwo bushingiye ku bidandazwa bushora hanze?

Mu kwishura ibi bibazo, ikintu ca mbere co kuvuga ni uko turi ku rubuga tutazi na gato, rero ni ukwiyubara umuntu uwo ari we wese yoza avuga ngo arazi ingene Pékin ishobora kwifata.

Ariko hariho imvo zotuma umuntu ategerezwa kwiyubara.

Imbonakazoza y'Ubushinwa ku bijanye n'ubukomezi bwabwo mu vyo ubutunzi – iyi ikaba ishingiye ku vyo bushora hanze ku rugero rukomeye hamwe no gukingira cane iskoko ryabwo ryo hagati mu gihugu – ubu irafitaniye isano rikomeye cane na poritike yabwo yo kwisubiza itoto hamwe no kwubaka poritike y'urutare ishingiye ku mugambwe umwe.

Ukungene bugenzura bikomeye itangazamakuru birerekana ko butiteguriye gukuraho inzitizi zishingiye ku makori, nk'akarorero ku makompanyi y'ubuhinga bwa none ya Amerika.

Ariko hariho n'ikindi kigira gatatu, kandi iki gitegerezwa kwishurwa na Amerika.

Mbega Amerika yoba icemera ubwigenge mu vy'ubudandaji? Donald Trump akunze kuvuga kenshi ko amakori ari ikintu ciza, atari gusa nk'uburyo bwo gushika ku ntumbero, ariko ko yo ubwayo ari intumbero.

Aravuga akamaro k'ingingo zo gukingira ubutunzi bwa Amerika, mu ntumbero yo guhimiriza abanyamitahe kuyishora mu gihugu hagati, guhimiriza amakompanyi ya Amerika kugarukana mu gihugu ibikorwa vyayo, no kwongereza amahera ava mu makori.

Rero ari nka hamwe Pékin yoba yemera ko intumbero nyamukuru y'ano makori ari iyi, ishobora guca ifata ingingo ko ata kamaro k'ibiganiro.

Uko ibintu bimeze ubu, aho gushira imbere iciyumviro co gukorera hamwe mu vy'ubutunzi, ibi bihugu rutura kw'isi birashobora kwisanga mu ntambara yo kurondera kwiganzira isi mu vy'ubutunzi, aho uwuzotsinda azokwikwegerako vyose.

Bigenze uku, bishobora gusenyura intunganyo y'ubutunzi yari isanzwe ihari ku rwego rw'isi, igashobora no kugira kazoza gatandukanye, mbere kabi cane.