Afghanistani: Abatalibani babujije ikoreshwa muri kaminuza ry'ibitabo byanditswe n'abagore

Leta y'Abatalibani yakuye muri za kaminuza zo muri Afghanistani ibitabo byanditswe n'abagore, muri gahunda y'ibibujijwe bishya birimo no guca amasomo yo kwigisha uburenganzira bwa muntu n'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.

Ibitabo 140 byanditswe n'abagore - birimo n'ibitabo bivuga ku mutekano wo mu byumba by'ubushakashatsi (laboratoire) bwo mu butabire (chimie) - ni bimwe mu bitabo 680 byasanzwe ko biteje "impungenge" kubera "gahunda zirwanya amategeko ya Sharia n'Abatalibani".

Kaminuza zanamenyeshejwe ko zitacyemerewe kwigisha amasomo 18. Umutegetsi wo mu Batalibani yavuze ko ayo masomo "abangamiye amahame ya Sharia na gahunda y'ubutegetsi".

Iryo tegeko-teka ni ryo rya vuba aha cyane mu rukurikirane rw'ibibujijwe, Abatalibani bagarukanye ubwo basubiraga ku butegetsi mu myaka ine ishize.

Muri iki cyumweru kandi, interineti ikoresha umuyoboro wa 'fibre optique' yarabujijwe mu ntara nibura 10, ku mategeko yatanzwe n'umutegetsi w'ikirenga w'Abatalibani, icyemezo abategetsi bavuze ko kiri muri gahunda yo kwirinda ibidakwiriye.

Nubwo ayo mategeko yagize ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'ubuzima busanzwe, abagore n'abakobwa yabagizeho ingaruka mu buryo bw'umwihariko: babujijwe kwiga kurenza umwaka wa gatandatu w'amashuri abanza. Bumwe mu buryo bwa nyuma bari basigaranye bwo gukomeza amasomo bwahagaritswe mu mpera y'umwaka wa 2024, ubwo amasomo y'ububyaza yakurwagaho bucece.

None ubu n'amasomo yo muri kaminuza ajyanye n'abagore yibasiwe: atandatu muri ya masomo 18 yabujijwe yerekeye abagore by'umwihariko, arimo nk'isomo ry'uburinganire n'iterambere, isomo ry'uruhare rw'abagore mu inozamubano (communication), hamwe n'isomo ry'imibereho y'abagore.

Leta y'Abatalibani yavuze ko yubahiriza uburenganzira bw'abagore bijyanye n'uburyo ibusobanuramo mu muco w'Afghanistani no mu mategeko ya kisilamu.

'Icyuho mu burezi'

Umwe mu bagize akanama kakoze isuzuma ry'ibyo bitabo yemeje uko kubuza ikoreshwa ry'ibitabo byanditswe n'abagore. Yabwiye BBC ishami ry'Afghanistani ko "ibitabo byose byanditswe n'abagore ntibyemerewe kwigishwa".

Zakia Adeli, wahoze ari minisitiri wungirije w'ubutabera mbere yuko Abatalibani basubira ku butegetsi ndetse akaba ari umwe mu bo ibitabo byabo byabujijwe gukoreshwa muri kaminuza, yavuze ko ibyabaye bitamutunguye.

Yagize ati: "Nshingiye ku byo Abatalibani bakoze mu myaka ine ishize, ntibyari ibidashoboka kwitega ko bakora izi mpinduka ku nteganyanyigisho."

"Kubera imyumvire na gahunda by'Abatalibani byo kwanga abagore, ni ibisanzwe ko igihe abagore ubwabo batemerewe kwiga, ibitekerezo byabo n'inyandiko zabo na byo biburizwamo."

Aya mabwiriza mashya, yabonywe na BBC ishami ry'Afghanistani, yasohotse mu mpera y'ukwezi gushize kwa Kanama (8).

Ziaur Rahman Aryubi, umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe amasomo wo muri minisiteri y'amashuri makuru muri leta y'Abatalibani, yandikiye ibaruwa za kaminuza azimenyesha ko ibyemezo byafashwe n'akanama k'"abahanga mu by'idini n'inzobere".

Uretse ibyo bitabo byanditswe n'abagore, uko kubuza ikoreshwa ry'ibitabo kwanibasiye ibitabo byanditswe n'abanditsi b'Abanya-Irani cyangwa ibyatangajwe n'amacapiro yo muri Irani.

Umwe mu bagize akanama kagenzuye ibyo bitabo yabwiye BBC ko igenzura ryari rigamije "kubuza kwinjirirwa n'inyandiko za Irani" mu nteganyanyigisho y'Afghanistani.

Ku rutonde rw'amapaji 50 rwohererejwe za kaminuza zose zo muri Afghanistani, hagaragaraho ibitabo 679, 310 muri byo byanditswe n'abanditsi b'Abanya-Irani cyangwa byatangarijwe muri Irani.

Ariko umwarimu wo kuri imwe muri izo kaminuza, wasabye kudatangazwa izina, yavuze ko afite ubwoba ko ari nkaho bidashoboka kuziba icyo cyuho.

Yagize ati: "Ibitabo by'abanditsi b'Abanya-Irani n'abasemuzi b'Abanya-Irani ni umuyoboro w'ibanze hagati ya kaminuza zo muri Afghanistani na kaminuza zo ku isi. Kubikuraho gusize icyuho kinini mu burezi bwo mu mashuri makuru."

Umwarimu wo kuri Kaminuza ya Kabul yabwiye BBC ko uko ibintu bimeze ubu, byabaye ngombwa ko bategura ibice (chapitres) byo mu bitabo bo ubwabo, bazirikana ibyemewe n'ibitemewe byashyizweho na leta y'Abatalibani.

Ariko ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya niba ibyo bice byo mu bitabo bishobora gutegurwa hashingiwe ku bipimo mpuzamahanga cyangwa niba ibyo bidashoboka.

BBC yasabye minisiteri y'uburezi y'Abatalibani kugira icyo ibivugaho. Kugeza ubu ntirasubiza.