Umugore yashimuse uruyoya mu Bwongereza abesha ko ari umwana wiwe.

Mw'ici ryo mu mwaka uheze, umugore umwe yafashwe agishika ku kibuga c'indege ca Gatwick avuye muri Nijeriya afise umwana w'uruyoya.

Uwo mugore yari amaze igihe aba mu gisagara ca West Yorkshire n'umugabo wiwe n'abana biwe, kandi imbere y'uko ava mu Bwongereza aja muri Afrika yari yarabwiye umuganga wiwe ko afise inda.

Ivyo ntivyari ukuri.

Uwo mugore amaze kugaruka haciye nk'ukwezi kumwe afise uwo mwana, baramufashe akekwaho gucuruza abantu.

Urubanza rwa kabiri BBC yakurikiye biciye muri sentare y'imiryango mu mezi aheze, rwerekana ivyo abahinga bavuga ko ari ikintu giteye impungenge c'uko abana bashobora kuba binjizwa mu Bwongereza bidaciye mu mategeko - bamwe bava mu vyitwa "amahinguriro y'abana" (baby factories) muri Nijeriya.

'Abana banje bama binyegeje'.

Uyu mugore, twataziriye Susan, ni umunya Nijeriyakazi, ariko aba mu Bwongereza n'umugabo wiwe n'abana biwe kuva mu kwezi kwa 6 kwo mu 2023.

Susan ni umukozi afasha abantu bafise ubumuga canke uburwayi butandukanye (Careworker) afise uruhusha rwo kuba mu Bwongereza, yavuze ko yibungenze. Ariko ibipimo vyerekana amashusho (scan/echographie) n'ivy'amaraso vyerekanye ko atari yibungenze na gato. Ahubwo vyerekana ko Susan yari afise ikivyimba mu nda, abaganga batinya ko coba ari kanseri. Ariko yaranse kuvugwa.

Susan yavuze ashimitse ko imbanyi ziwe za kera zitigera ziboneka ku bipimo, abwira umukoresha wiwe ati: "abana banje bama bihishije". Yavuze kandi ko yigeze kwibungenga amezi 30 imbanyi y'abandi bana biwe.

Susan yari yagiye muri Nijeriya mu ntango z'ukwezi kwa 6 mu 2024, avuga ko yipfuza kuvyarirayo umwana wiwe, hanyuma ahamagara ibitaro vy'aho yaba mu Bwongereza, ababwire ko yavyaye.

Abaganga baragize amakenga, baca bahamagara igisata kijejwe gukingira abana.

Bashitse mu Bwongereza n'urwo ruyoya rw'umukobwa - twataziriye Eleanor - Susan yarahagaritswe, atabwa muri yompi n'igipolisi co mu karere ka Sussex.

Yaciye afungurwa hatanzwe ingwati ivyatumye igipolisi cari camutaye muri yompi cemeza ko ata matohoza yariko aramukorwako ico gihe.

Susan amaze gufatwa, umugabo wiwe na Eleanor barafashwe ibipimo ndangasano bizwi nka ADN. Eleanor bamujana kw'irerero.

Susan yavuze ati: "Inyishu z'ibipimo nizerekana ko ndi nyina wa Eleanor, ndashaka ko bamunsubiza ubwo nyene."

Ariko ivyo bipimo vyerekanye ko uwo mwana ata sano yari afitanye na Susan canke umugabo wiwe. Susan yasavye ko bapimwa kandi – ariko inyishu yaje ari ya yindi nyene, aca ahindura ivyo yari yavuze ubwa mbere.

Yavuze ko yari yarakoresheje uburyo bwo gusama buzwi nka IVF atewe amagi n'intangangabo imbere y'uko yimukira mu Bwongereza mu 2023 ko ari ico gituma ibipimo vya ADN vyagaragaje ko umwana atari gwiwe.

Susan yaratanze ikete ryavuye mu bitaro vyo muri Nijeriya, ryashizweko umukono n'umuyobozi w'ubuvuzi, rivuga ko ari ho yavyariye, hamwe n'inyandiko yavuye mu kindi kigo c'ubuvuzi yerekeye ubuvuzi bwo gusama inda kugira ngo atange ivyemezo bishigikira ivyo avuga.

Yatanze kandi amafoto n'amasanamu avuga ko yerekanye mu cumba c'abavyeyi c'ibitaro vya Nijeriya. Mu maso ntihaboneka mu mashusho kandi imwe yerekanye umugore ari gusa afise ingovyi/ urusoro (placenta) hagati y'amaguru yiwe, rugifatanye n'uruzogi.

Hari umuntu yavyaye - ariko ntiyari Susan

Sentare y'imiryango yo mu gisagara ca Leeds yarungitse Henrietta Coker kugira ngo akore amatohoza.

Coker, atanga icegeranyo c'abahinga muri za sentare z'imiryango mu manza zisa nk'izi, afise uburambe hafi bw'imyaka 30 mu kazi ari umukozi mu gisata c'imibano. Yize mu Bwongereza, kandi akora mu bijanye no gukingira abana i Londres, imbere y'uko yimukira muri Afrika.

Coker yagiye ikigo c'ubuvuzi aho Susan yavuze ko yakorewe IVF. Nta kintu cerekana ko Susan yavuriwe ng'aho - abakozi baho bamubwiye ko iryo kete ryari irementanya.

Yaragiye kuraba aho Susan yavuze ko yavyariye. Yari inzu y'ivyumba bitatu, ifise ibihome n'amatapi "bicafuye".

Aho niho Coker yahuriye n'abakobwa batatu b'imiyabaga bicaye mu cumba c'ukwakira abantu bambaye impuzu z'abaforomo.

Yasavye kuvugana n'umuforomo mukuru baca "bamujana mu gikoni aho umukobwa w'umuyabaga yariko ararya umuceri".

Coker yaciye aja kuraba umuganga yanditse ikete rivuga ko Susan yavyariye ng'aho. Yavuze ati: «Ego, hari uwavyaye».

Coker yamweretse ifoto ya Susan, ariko uwo muganga yavuze ko atari we.

Uwo muganga yabwiye Madamu Coker ati: "Kwiyitirira abantu ni ikintu gisanzwe ngaha", avuga ko Susan yoba "yaguze uwo mwana".

Madamu Coker yabwiye mu nyuma sentare ko ivyo bikorwa vyo "guhingura abana" (baby farming) bigwiriye cane muri Afrika y'uburengero. Yavuze ko "amahinguriro y'abana" yababa 200 atemewe n'amategeko yarugawe n'ubutegetsi bwa Nijeriya mu myaka itanu iheze.

Amwe muri yo yarimwo abakobwa batoyi bari barashimuswe, bagafatwa ku nguvu, bagahatirwa kuvyara incuro nyinshi.

Coker yavuze ati: "Rimwe rimwe abo bakobwa bararekurwa, ikindi gihe bagapfa mu gihe c'ukwibaruka canke bakicwa bagashirwa mu vyumba vy'iryo shirahamwe."

Ntibizwi neza aho umwana Eleanor yoba yaravuye – naho uwo muganga yabwiye Coker ko yizera ko yari yahebwe ku bushake.

Coker ntiyashoboye kumenya abavyeyi nyabo ba Eleanor abo ari bo.

Yatanze ibimenyetso muri sentare y'imiryango i Leeds mu kwezi kwa 3 muri uyu mwaka, ari kumwe na Susan, umugabo wiwe, umukoresha wiwe n'umuganga w'umuhinga w'ivy'ukuvyara.

Mu rubanza rwa mbere y'aho, umucamanza yasavye ko telefone ya Susan isuzumwa. Abatohoji basanze ubutumwa Susan yarungikiye umuntu yari yanditse muri telefone yiwe nka "Mum oft [sic] Lagos Baby".

Nk'amayinga ane imbere y'itariki y'amavuko, Susan yanditse ubutumwa buvuga ngo:

"Mugire umusi mwiza mupfaso, sindaronka ibikoresho vyo mu bitaro"

Uwo musi nyene, Mama Oft Lagos Baby yarishuye ati:

"Imiti yo gutanga ni imiriyoni 3,4

"Igiciro c'ibitaro ni ibihumbi 170."

Dufashe ko ayo mahera y'ama Naira akoreshwa muri Nijeriya, yoba ari nk'amapawundi (y'abongereza) 1.700 n'ayandi 85, niko umucamanza wa sentare y'imiryango William Tyler KC yavuze.

Ubuyobozi bw'aho hantu bwagaragaje ko ubwo butumwa bwashizwe ku buryo bwo kwifuta ubwabwo ("automatic self-destruct mode" ) – kandi buvuga ko bugereranya nk'ikimenyetso c'amasezerano yo kugura uruyoya.

Susan yaragerageje gusigura ubwo butumwa mu rubanza. Umucamanza yavuze ko ivyo yagerageza "vyari bigoye gutahura kandi badashoboka kwemera".

Tyler, ni icegera c'umucamanza wa sentare nkuru, yasanze Susan yagize "irementanya" ashingira ku bknyoma cerekana ko yavyariye Eleanor muri Nijeriya.

Yavuze ko Susan n'umugabo wiwe bavuze "ikinyoma gikomeye" kugira ngo basigure ingene Eleanor yisanze arezwe nabo, kandi ko bagerageje kuzimagiza abategetsi bakoresheje inyandiko z'ibinyoma.

Yavuze ko aba bompi bateye ako gakobwa "akaga gakomeye mu mutima no mu mutwe".

Mu ntango z'ukwezi kw'indwi, BBC yarakurikiranye urubanza rwa nyuma rwa Eleanor, rwabereye ku buhinga bwa none.

Mu nama yabereye ku buhinga bwa Teams, twashobora kubona Susan n'umugabo wiwe, bicaye bagororotse, badakakaza, bumviriza cane ku vyo abashingwamanza bavuga.

Bashaka ko Eleanor agarukanwa iwabo. Abashingwamanza babo bavuze ko abana babo ubwabo babayeho neza - bashaka kumuha urukundo nk'ukwo.

Umugabo wa Susan yafata Eleanor nk"inkingi y'umuryango wabo".

Vikki Horspool, aserukira uwurera uwo mwana, umukozi w'imibano wo mu kigo cigenga kijejwe kuburanira abana n'imiryango, yateye utwatsi iyo ngingo. Yavuze ko abo babiri "babandanije kuba abahemu" ku bijanye n'amamuko nyakuri ya Eleanor mu buzima n'ingene yisanze mu minwe yabo.

Umucamanza yategetse ko Eleanor ashirwa mw'irerero, kandi akora "urupapuro ry'uko atari umuvyeyi" (declaration of non parentage). Yavuze ko azi "umubabaro" bizotera Susan n'umugabo wiwe.

Umushingamanza w'ubutegetsi bwo muri ako karere yabwiye sentare ko uwo mwana "ameze neza cane" n'uwumurera, akagira uruhara mu bikorwa vyo mu kibano ciwe kandi akavugwa.

Eleanor niyarerwa azogira umwidondoro mushasha n'ubwenegihugu bw'Ubwongereza - ariko ashobora kutazokwigera amenya abavyeyi biwe nyabo.

Inkuru ya Eleanor ishusha n' iya "Lucy" – yazanywe ku kibuga c'indege ca Manchester mu 2023, n'umugabo yiyita se wiwe.

'Amahera yavunjwe abana'

Coker abona ko bishoboka ko abana benshi bazanywe mu Bwongereza mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko bavuye muri Afrika y'uburengero. Yabwiye BBC ko yakoze mu manza nk'izo ziharugwa muri za mirongo kuva covid yadutse. Mu vyo yiboneye, ugucuruza abana ni ikintu kigwiriye cane.

Ati: "Amahera ariko aravunjwa abana ku rugero runini", atari muri Afrika gusa ariko "no mu Bumanuko bw'isi yose".

Kuva mu 2021 Leta y'Ubwongereza yarabujije kurera abana batari abawe (adoption) abana bava muri Nijeriya, bimwe bivuye ku "bimenyetso vy'ugucuruza abana n'akarwi kitunganije" mu gihugu.

Abategetsi b'Ubwongereza bamaze imyaka myinshi bazi iyo ngorane, kandi mu myaka 20 iheze hariho imanza nyinshi muri za sentare z'Imiryango.

Imanza zibiri zabaye mu mwaka w'2011 n'uw'2012 zari zerekeye ababiranye bo muri Nijeriya bari baravuwe ku bijanye no kurondoka bwatumye bavyara umwana w'igitangaza.

Ubwo "buvuzi" burabandanya, nk'uko biherutse gushirwa ahabona n'abanyamakuru b'itohoza bo muri BBC Africa Eye.

Mu mwaka wa 2013, ubuserukizi bw'Ubwongereza i Lagos bwasavye ko abana bavutse bapimwa ADN mu bihe bimwe bimwe imbere y'uko abana bavutse bavanwa muri Nijeriya bajanwa mu Bwongereza.

Mu bubatse 12 batohojwe harimwo uwahora ari umwigisha wo muri kaminuza ya Oxford, yaburanishijwe kubera ivyaha vy'abimukira.

Ariko rero iyo nzira kuva ico gihe urubanza rwarahagaze. Mu mwaka w'2018 abategetsi baragirijwe ko gupima ADN bitemewe n'amategeko.

Babwiwe ko badashobora gutuma abantu bapimwa ADN igihe bariko barasaba uruhusha rwo kwinjira mu bihugu buzwi nka viza canke urupapuro rw'inzira ruzwi nka passport nk'impapuro zisabwa mu vyerekeye uburenganzira bwo kwinjira mu gihugu – kandi ivyo nuko bimeze kuva mu 2014.

Coker yavuze ko ibitaro bimwe bimwe bitanga "imitekero" irimwo kwandika ivuka ry'umwana. Bitwara hose hagati y'amapawundi 2.000 n'amapawundi 8.000, hatarimwo amafaranga y'indege.

Yiyumvira ko abantu benshi bo mu Bwongereza bakwiye kumenya ico gikorwa.

Yavuze ko bigoye gutorera umuti - kumbure gupima ADN y'abana bavutse vuba n'abavyeyi bivugwa ko ari bo vyofasha.

Ariko ntiyari azi neza ko Leta y'Ubwongereza ishobora gukora vyinshi kugira ngo ibihagarike, avuga ko "ibibazo bitangura mu bihugu aho abana bavukira".

Patricia Durr, umuyobozi mukuru w'ishirahamwe ry'abagiraneza ryitwa ECPAT, rirwanya gushimuta abantu yavuze ko ibirego nk'ibi ari "ibiteye isoni" cane cane kuko vyima uburenganzira umwana bwo kumenya amamuko yiwe.

Yavuze ati: "Hategerezwa kuba utwigoro kugira ngo hakumirwe ivyo vyaha bikomeye."

Umuvugizi wa leta yavuze ati: "Kuvuga ibinyoma ko uri umuvyeyi w'umwana kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwinjira mu Bwongereza, ni ikintu kitemewe n'amategeko. Abazosanga babikora bazokurikiranwa bikomeye n'ubutungane ."

"Ingabo z'umupaka ziyemeje gukingira abantu bajabuka umupaka kandi mu gihe habaye ugukekeranya, abapolisi bazogira ico bakoze kugira ngo bakingire abantu bashobora kuba bari mu kaga."

BBC yararondoye ubuserukiri bwa Nijeriya kugira bagira ico babivuzeko ariko ntibishura.