Amatora ya Amerika 2024: Imbuga hwaniro zuzuye ibihuha vy'ubusuma bw'amatora

Ibihuha, amajambo azimiza n’ibinyoma ku bijanye n’ubusuma bw’amatora biriko birakwiragira ku mbuga hwaniro ku rugero rutari bwigere rubaho mu matora ya Amerika.

Amajana n’amajana y’ibintu bivugwa ko vyerekana utunenge muri ano matora biriko vyegeranywa vyongera bikwiragizwa n’abantu ku giti cabo, co kimwe n’imirwi yigenga hamwe n’iyindi ifatanije n’aba Repubulikani. Hari kandi n’ibindi bikeya navyo nyene biriko biva mu ba Democrats.

Iki gihuhusi c’ibihuha bikwiragizwa ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi kirateye ingorane abajejwe amatora bahanganye n’ikibazo co kubirwanya no gusubiriza umutima mu nda abatora, mu gihe bariko bitegurira guhagararira ano matora yo ku wa kabiri.

Ivyandikwa hafi vyose bishigikira ibinyoma vyagiye bishikirizwa na Trump mu myiyamamazo yiwe ko uno yahoze ari umukuru w’igihugu yatsinze amatora yo mu 2020, hamwe n’ivyo avuga ko ashobora gusubira kwibwa intsinzi ku wa 5 Munyonyo (11).

Abajijwe nimba azokwemera ibizova mu matora ya 2024, hari mu kiyago mpari hagati y’abahiganwa muri Nyakanga (9), Donald Trump yishuye ko azovyemera mu gihe azoba ari “amatora atunganye kandi ashingiye ku mategeko kandi meza”.

Igice kinini c’Abanyamerika - 70% - biteze ko atazokwemera ibizoyavamwo mu gihe yoramuka atsinzwe, nk’uko biri mu cegeranyo c’ivyavuye mu matohoza ya CNN/SSRS casohotse ku wa mbere.

Muri ino ndwi nyene, Trump yavuze ko hariko haba ubusuma bwinshi mu ntara mahindagu imwe ikomeye.

“Pennsylvania iriko iriba, kandi iriko irafatwa, ku rugero runini rutari rukunze kuboneka imbere y’aha”, niko Trump yanditse ku rubuga hwaniro rwiwe Truth Social. “MENYESHA UBUSUMA KU BATEGETSI. Abahagarariye amategeko bategerezwa gufata ingingo, UBU!”

Ibi birego vyaje inyuma y’aho abategetsi bo mu turere dutatu twa Pennsylvania bavugiye ko bariko bakorana n’abajejwe umutekano muri utwo turere kugira ngo batohoze ko ata busuma bwoba buri mu mpapuro zo kwiyandikishirizako ku batora.

Mu gihe Trump n’abanywayi biwe baciye bafatira kuri aya majambo, uwuhagarariye amatora muri iyo ntara, Umurepubulikani Al Schmidt, yasavye abatora kwiyubara, yongera aragabisha abatora ko boraba neza amakuru y’ibinyoma ariko arazunguruka ku mbuga hwaniro.

Ati: “Iki ni ikimenyetso c’uko uburinzi busanzwe buri mw’iyandikwa ry’abatora buriko burakora”.

Isegenya y'amajambo y'ibinyoma

BBC yabonye ibirego amajana n’amajana bivuga ubusuma bw’amatora ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi, ku mbuga hwaniro no ku vyapa bicishwako ubutumwa hamwe kandi no mu mirwi y’ibiyago. Bimwe muri ibi vyandikwa bimaze gusomwa n’incuro ziharurwa mu mamiriyoni.

Aya majambo yandikwa yerekana ko vyoroshe ko abatari abenegihugu batora, agashikiriza ibinyoma ku bijanye n’amamashini yo gutora, kandi agatesha agaciro igikorwa co guharura amajwi.

Videwo imwe yavuga ko yerekana abanya-Haiti bari baherutse kwinjira bariko baratora muri Georgia.

BBC yabonye ibimenyetso bigaragara, harimwo n’ibiranga aho baba (addresses) atari vyo be n’amafoto yafashwe kera, ibi bikerekana ko ino videwo atari iy’ukuri. Ku wa gatanu, abajejwe umutekano ba Amerika bavuze ko ino videwo yakozwe n’Abarusiya bakora amarementanya.

Uwundi muntu kuri X yiyita umunya-Canada yashizeko ifoto y'ikarata y'itora aca avuga ati: "Nariyumviriye ko nojabuka umupaka ngatora".

Na yo nyene ni irementanya, kuko iyi karata y’itora ni iyo muri Florida, intara isaba ko umutu azana ikimuranga kugira ngo ashobore kwitorera we nyene kandi ikaba iri ku rugendo rw’amasaha 20 uvuye mu rubibe rwa Canada.

Hagati aho, mu karere ka Northhampton, Pennsylvania, hari ari amashusho yashizwe kuri X yerekana umugabo atwara isandugu y’amakarata y’itora ku nzu ya sentare, avuga ko hari igikorwa giteye amakenga. Vyabonetse ko yari umukozi wa posita yari atwaye amakarata y’itora y’abatora bakoresheje uburyo bwa posita, ariko iyo videwo yararabwe incuro zirenga imiriyoni zitanu.

Nk'ivyabaye mu 2020

Abahinga bafise ubwoba ko ibi bihuha biriko birakwiragizwa hasigaye imisi mike ngo amatora abe bishobora gutuma abanyagihugu batizera ibizoba bivuye mu matora - canke bigatuma haduka imvururu imbere y'amatora n'inyuma yayo.

Biramaze kuba.

Mu masaha n'imisi yakurikiye amatora y'umukuru w'igihugu ya 2020, igihe amajwi yari agiharurwa, Trump yari umukuru w'igihugu ico gihe yarakoresheje imbuga hwaniro avuga ko amatora yibwe anabesha ko ari we yari yayatsinze.

"Stop the steal" (hagarika ubusuma) ni co cabaye imvuga y'abanywanyi biwe bateje imigumuko barondera guhindura ivyavuye mu matora.

Ku mbuga hwaniro, ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi no mu gihe c’imigumuko mu mabarabara, abagumura abantu bavuga ko habaye ubusuma bwinshi, ivyavuyemwo igitero cakozwe ku ngoro y’amakoraniro y’inama nshingamateka na nkenguzamateka (Capitol) ya Amerika ku wa 6 Nzero (1) 2021.

Ni mu gihe mu ntara mahindagu nka Georgia, abari bahagarariye amatora batewe ubwoba bwo kwicwa.

Mu gihe ibinyoma ku matora vyagiye kwiyongera inyuma y’amatora ya 2020, amashirahamwe akurikirana ibikorwa nk’ibi avuga ko uno mwaka ibi binyoma vyatanguye imbere y’umusi w’amatora.

Wendy Via yatanguje ishirahamwe Global Project Against Hate and Extremism (GPAHE), avuga ko bamwe mu bagendera ku mico ya kera “bariko bitegurira ubusuma bw’amatora gusumba uko bari bameze mu 2020”.

Yavuze ati: “Ntidushobora kwirengagiza uruhara rw’inyigisho z’imigambi mibisha muri ibi vyose”.

Izi mpungenge zaramaze gushikira abanywanyi ba Trump bari ku rubuga. Mw’ikoraniro ryo muri ino ndwi i Wisconsin, iyindi ntara mahindagu, abantu batari bake bavuze ko ibikorwa bitemewe n’amategeko vyonyene ari vyo bizotuma umukandida wabo w’Abarepubulikani adatsinda.

Brad Miller wo muri Green Bay, avuga ko amaze kwumva ibihuha vy’ubusuma, agira ati: “Numva nizeye cane Trump, igihe cose ata busuma bwohaba. Icizigiro cacu conyene ni uko ata kintu kinini cohava kiba ngo gihindure ibizova mu matora”.

Inyuma y’amatora yo mu 2020, imanza amajana n’amajana zivuga ko habaye ubusuma mu matora zarashinzwe n’abari bajejwe amatora ya Trump mu ntara nyinshi, ariko nta na rumwe yatsinze.

Hari ukurenza urugero mu kuvuga ku tunenge duto duto

Abahinga bavuga ko utunenge duto duto tujanye n’amatora twama tuba mu matora ya Amerika aba mu ntara zose 50, mu 2020 yitabiriwe n’abarenga imiriyoni 150.

Ariko utunenge nyatwo ubu turiko turegeranywa kandi duhanahanwa ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi ku rugero rutari bwigere rubaho, hampande y’amakuru y’ibinyoma, nk’uko ari ivyemezo vy’ubusuma bweruye.

Mu bumanuko bwa California, hari amakarata y’itora atari make yatowe mu mwobo utwara amazi y’imvura. Nubwo bitazwi ingene vyagenze, abakoresha imbuga ngurukanabumenyi ubwo nyene baciye batangura kwikeka ko ari ubusuma bw’amatora.

Umwe mu bantu ibihumbi n’ibihumbi banditse kuri izi mbuga yagize ati: “BAZOKWIBA”.

Mu gihe ibirego bigenda vyiyongera kuva mu misi iheze - harimwo n’ivyo muri Pennsylvania aho umunyeshure w’Umushinwa yagirijwe kuja gutora mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko muri Michigan - abategetsi barabandanya berekana ko amatohoza yabo ari uturorero twiza tw’ukungene amatora acungerewe bikomeye.

Ariko, ku bemera ivyiyumviro vy’abantu bafise imigambi mibi bakwiragiza ibihuha ku matora, bafata ibi nk’ivyemezo ko hari umugambi w’aba-Democrats uteguwe neza wo “kwiba” amatora.

“Raba nk’ubu busuma bushasha bw’amatora”, niko umwe yanditse avuga kuri ino nkuru yo muri Pennsylvania. “Aba-Democrats baza batanguye gukora ibishoboka vyose kugira ngo bibe ayandi matora”.

Abahinga bavuga ko ibi muri rusangi bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri demokarasi.

Luis Lozada, umuyobozi mukuru w’ishirahamwe ryitwa Democracy Works, ishirahamwe ridaharanira inyungu ritanga amakuru yerekeye amatora, agira ati: “Ivyo bintu biha impigi abarondera gutuma abantu bata icizere ku vyavuye mu matora”.

Imirwi y'inyanduruko

Ubwinshi bw’ibihuha vy’ubusuma bw’amatora bizunguruka ku mbuga hwaniro bufashwa n’urubuga rw’imigwi yegeranya ibirego vy’abantu benshi.

Imirwi nka True The Vote wo muri Texas yashinzwe mu 2009, kuva kera yamye ifata iya mbere mu kwinubira umutekano w’amatora.

Kuri app yakozwe na True the Vote yitwa VoteAlert, abanywanyi bacishako uburorero bw’ivyo bavuga ko ari utunenge mu matora.

Baregeranije ibirego bitari bike, kuva ku bifatwa ko ari bito vyo gucungera umutekano gushika ku birego vy’uguhindura amatora n’ibigirankana. Iri shirahamwe kandi rifise abantu bakurikirana ama kamera yerekana ibiriko bibera ku masandugu y’amatora mu ntara zitari nke. Abategetsi benshi b’uturere bama bariko baramenyesha ingingo nyinshi bafashe kugira ngo bacungere umutekano w’amasandugu y’amatora.

Catherine Engelbrecht yatanguje True the Vote, yabwiye abanywanyi bitavye imwe mu manama akoreshereza ku rubuga ngurukanabumenyi ati: “Icizere dufise ni uko ata kintu na kimwe tubona kuri aya masandugu y’amatora”.

Ariko asa n’uwerekana ko imirwi ikorana n’aba-Democrats yariko irondera kwiba amatora ku rugero runini.

Yongerako ati: “ Nimba bashaka kugerageza gukora nk’ivyo twabonye bakoze mu 2020, ntibizoborohera kuko ubu tubashinze ijisho hose”.

BBC yarondeye True the Vote kugira igire ico ishikiriza ariko ntibirakunda.

Iyindi mirwi iriko irasaba abanywanyi bayo gushikiriza utu tunenge tuvugwa.

Komite y’ibikorwa vya politike ya Elon Musk muri Amerika yatanguje umuhora – usa n’uw’ubutumwa – kuri X, wuzuye ibihuha n’ibirego vyerekeye amatora. Ku banywanyi barenga 50.000, ubutumwa butari buke buduga umwanya ku mwanya, hafi amasaha 24 kuri 24.

Mu bindi bikorwa harimwo ivya Election Integrity Network, umurwi washinzwe n’uwahoze ari umuvugizi wa Trump uriko urarwanya uburyo iyandikwa ry’abatora ryagenze hamwe n’uburyo abahagararira abitoza batorwa.

Ubwinshi bw’ubutumwa bwandikwa kuri izi mbuga – hampande y’uko bimwe mu bivugwa bidatomoye kandi abavyandika bakoresha amazina atari yo - biragoye guhinguza buri kirego kiba cashikirijwe.

Iyo mirwi, hamwe n’abarongoye imyiyamamazo ya Trump, bavuga ko ibi bikorwa bigamije kurondera ko amatora yoba ayatagira akanenge. BBC yegereye abajejwe imyiyamamazo ya Trump kugira bagire ico babivugako ariko ntibarishura.

Ibinyoma bizobandanya bikwiragizwa

Ingaruka y’ibi ntishobora kumenyekana imbere y’igihe.

Ubushikiranganji bujejwe umutekano wo hagati mu gihugu, mu rwandiko bwatangajwe n’ibinyamakuru vyo muri Amerika harimwo na CBS ikorana na BBC, bwavuze ku wa mbere ko ivyiyumviro vy’imigambi mibisha mu matora bishobora gutuma intagondwa zo hagati mu gihugu zikora iterabwoba.

Eka n’abihweza ibintu n’ibindi biteze ko igihuhusi c’ibinyoma kizobandanya gushika n’inyuma y’amatora. Ibiharuro ngereranyo vyerekana ko amatora azoba yegeranye cane mu buryo butari bwigere bubaho mu bihe vya none vya Amerika. Bishobora gufata imisi itari mike yo guharura amajwi yose kugira ngo hamenyekane uwuzoba yatsinze.

Luis Lozada wo mu muhari Democracy Works avuga ko ano matora ariko aba mu “gihe kirangwa n’ukutizerana”.

Ariko avuga ko nubwo huzuye amakenga, “amakuru y’ukuri ariko aratangwa".

Lozada ati: “Abajejwe amatora barakora cane kugira ngo amatora agende neza, nk’uko yagenze mu 2020. Ibi ntibizohagarika abantu gufatira ku tuntu ataco tumaze, no kugerageza gusibanganya”.

BBC Verify yarafashije mu kwandika iyi nkuru.