Burkina Faso: Kuki abasirikare bakuye Prezida Kaboré
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
- Umwanditsi, na Beverly Ochieng
- Igikorwa, BBC Monitoring
Ifatwa ry'ubutegetsi n'igisirikare muri Burkina Faso riteye impungenge ariko ntiryaje giturumbuka.
Ikurwa rya prezida Roch Kaboré ribaye itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi rigira kane muri Afrika y'uburengero muri aya mezi 17 aheze.
Muri Mali bihana urubibe igisirikare cafashe ubutegetsi kabiri muri uwo mwanya, imbarutso akaba ari amakenga yo kunanirwa kurwanya intureka y'intagondwa za ki-Islam iguma yiyongera.
Intagondwa za ki-Islam zirabangamye cane?
Co kimwe no muri Mali, ikurwa rya Kaboré ryakabuwe n'ishavu riguma ryiyongera mu nzego zijejwe umutekano ku bibonwa nko kunanirwa kuzishigikira neza mu kurwanya intagondwa zifitaniye isano na al-Qaeda na Islamic State.
Ku wa mungu, haravuzwe abagumutse mu makambi menshi, ku murwa mukuru, Ouagadougou, hamwe no mu bisagara vyo mu buraruko vya Kaya na Ouahigouya.
Urwo ruhagarara rwakurikiye imyiyerekano yari imaze amezi y'abasaba ko umukuru w'igihugu yotanga imihohoho (yokwegura).
Ibitero vy'intagondwa vyatanguye mu 2015 bimaze guhitana abantu 2.000, bituma abandi bangana na miriyoni 1,5 bahunga ingo zabo, nk'uko bigereranywa na ONU.
Amashure arugaye mu bice vyinshi vy'igihugu kubera impungenge nyinshi ku mutekano hamwe yokwugurura.
Icizere c'abanyagihugu ku bushobozi bw'umukuru w'igihugu mu gutunganya ico kibazo c'umutekano carakorotse cane inyuma y'igitero mu kigwati co mu buraruko ca Solhan mu kwezi kwa gatandatu mu 2021.
Abantu barenga 100 barishwe mu gitero cegetswe ku ntagondwa zinjiye zivuye muri Mali.
Ico gitero co muri Solhan catumye haca hatangura imyiyerekano y'abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi ku murwa mukuru, bituma Kaboré guhindura abagize reta nawe yiha ikibanza c'umushikiranganji wo kwivuma abansi.
Ikindi gitero kw'ikambi ya gisirikare ya Inata mu buraruko mu kwezi kwa 11 mu 2021 caciye gituma ishavu kuri reta ryiyongera gusumba.
Abantu barenga 50 bo mu nzego zo kwivuna abansi barishwe. Amakuru avuga ko iyo kambi hari haheze iminsi itabaza ngo irungikirwe ivyo kurya n'ibindi bikoresho indwi zibiri imbere y'ico gitero. Ariko ntivyigeze bishika.
Umukuru w'igihugu yaciye akura reta aca agena umushikiranganji wa mbere mushasha n'umushikiranganji wo kwivuna abansi imbere y'uko haba ibiganiro n'abatavuga rumwe na reta ku gusubiza hamwe mu gihugu.
Intureka y'intagondwa yashitse muri Burkina Faso gute?
N'ubwo Afrika y'uburengero yari isanzwe yugarijwe n'ibibazo vy'umutekano muke, Burkina Faso cari cagumye gisa n'igihugu cifashe gushika mu 2014 aho abanyaguhugu bahagurukiye bakirukana ku butegetsi uwari amaze igihe kirekire ari umukuru w'igihugu, Blaise Compaoré.
Itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi ryaburijwemwo mu 2015 ryaracanishijemwo cane igisirikare.
Prezida Kaboré yatowe ubwa mbere uwo mwaka nyene yiyemeje gusubiza igihugu hamwe.
Ariko, intagondwa zo mu gihugu kibanyi ca Mali - aho abashaka kwiyonkora mu 2012 baciye bigarurirwa n'abagwana intambara ntagatifu ya jihad (jihadists) - baragavye igitero ku murwa mukuru wa Burkina Faso mu gihe Kabore yariko aritegurira kuja ku butegetsi.
Imigwi yitwaje ibigwanisho yaciye yikika mu kiza c'uko hari abajejwe umutekano bake mu ntara za Burkina Faso zo ku mbibe kugira zigabe ibindi bitero zongere zishinge imizi.
Aba-jihadists (inyeshamba zigira ku matwara akaze ya Islamu) barateje kandi icuka kibi hagati y'aba Kristu n'aba Islam ubundi bari basanzwe babanye neza aho muri Burkina Faso.
Intagondwa zaciye zikika mu kiza c'uko reta yasa n'iyatereranye abantu bo muri izo ntara baca baba ba ntege nke kandi boroshe kwinjizwa muri iyo migwi.
Ibintu bitanu vyo kumenya ku mukuru w'abatembagaje ubutegetsi muri Burkina Faso
Ahavuye isanamu, AFP
- Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba ari mu bantu bari imbere ku rugamba rwo kurwanya intagondwa z'aba-Islam.
- Uwo mugabo w'imyaka 41 yaranditse igitabo kuri ico kibazo mu mwaka uheze - Armées ouest-africaines et terrorisme: réponses incertaines?
- ·Uwo mu-Lieutenant Colonel yize mu Bufaransa, mw'ishure rya giririkare no mu rindi shure ryiza cane, aho yaronse umutsindo wa kaminuza wa Masters mu buhinga bwo gutohoza no kurwanya ivyaha (criminologie)
- Yariyamirije irindi tembagazwa mu 2015 ryamaze iminsi indwi.
- Yatanguriye akazi ka gisirikare mu gisata co gucungera umukuru w'igihugu (RPS) - urwo rwego ubu rwavanyweho rwafatwa nk'urufise ububasha bukomeye mu gihe ca prezida Blaise Compaoré, yatembagajwe mu 2014 mu myiyerekano y'abanyaguhugu.
N'ukugira uruhara mu buzima bwa poritike vyarahungabanijwe n'izo ntagondwa.
Mu 2020, abatora bari bahunze ingo zabo mu bice vyo mu buraruko n'ubuseruko ntibashoboye kwitaba amatora y'umukuru w'igihugu aho Kaboré yongeye gutorwa ku majwi 58%.
Imigwi y'intangondwa yagumye isugereza abanyagihugu na bo barushirizaho gushavurira reta mu kiringo ca kabiri ca prezida Kaboré.
Aho bisa n'ivyo muri Mali ni hehe?
Hari amakenga ko umenga vyabaye ingendo.
Ingene itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi muri Burkina Faso ryagiye riraza bifise vyinshi bisa n'ingene vyagenze muri Mali imbere y'uko naho haba itembagazwa mu kwezi kw'umunani mu 2020.
Ibitero bitari bike ku basirikare n'abanyagihugu basanzwe vyakurikiwe n'imyiyerekano y'abanyagihugu batari bagifise icizere muri reta y'umukuru w'igihugu ca Mali ico gihe, Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta.
Uwuza imbere mu ndongozi z'abatavuga rumwe na reta muri Burkina Faso, Eddie Komboigo, yaragerageje gufatira aho kugira ishavu ry'abanyagihugu riduge gusumba.
Ariko mu gihe abanyagihugu muri Mali ahanini bashigikiye itembagazwa, abanya-Burkina bashobora kuba bafise impungengene z'uko umutekano ushobora kwunyuka mu gihe abasirikare bari ku butegetsi.
Agatima ko kuterekwa Ubufaransa gashobora kuba karagize uruhara?
Ivyo bihugu vyompi vyahoze bitwarwa gikoroni n'Ubufaransa.
Kandi bwagumanye imigenderanire ikomeye ya gisirikare n'ubutunzi n'ivyo bihugu n'inyuma y'aho bironkeye intahe yo kwikukira.
Co kimwe na Mali, inzego zijejwe umutekano muri Burkina Faso zifashwe mu mugongo cane n'Ubufaransa bwagomoye ingabo 5.100 mu karere mu rwego rwiswe Operation Barkhane.
Ivyo vyatanguye igihe Ubufaransa bwarungika ingabo kubuza ko aba-jihadists bashika ku murwa mukuru wa Mali, Bamako, mu 2013.
Ariko icizere c'abanyagihugu ku ruhara rw'Ubufaransa cagiye kirayonga uko umutekano wagenda urunyuka.
Mu kwezi kwa cumi na kabiri, ababa muri Kaya barazibiye urukurikirane rw'imodoka z'abasirikare b'abafaransa bari bashiriye ivya nkenerwa ingabo za Burkina Faso ahubwo baca bagiriza ingabo za Barkhane gukorana n'aba-jihadists.
Ikibanza c'Ubufaransa mu karere ka Sahel, gahuriramwo n'ivyo bihugu vyompi, ubu caragabanutse cane, biturutse ku mpari z'imigenderanire na Mali yatumye havanwayo hafi ica kabiri c'ingabo za Barkhane.
Ico gihengeri mu mutekano gishobora gukoreshwa n'aba-jishadists, mu gihe amaragamo make muri poritike ashobora kubangamira ugufashanya mu kwivuna umwansi mu rwego ruzwi nk'ingabo za G5 Sahel rurimwo ingabo za Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania na Niger.
Mu gihe ubu Mali yahindukiriye ku Burusiya kugira izibire ico gihengeri, ibihugu bifatanije aho muri Sahel - harimwo na Burkina Faso - vyariyamirije cane iyo ngingo.
Akarere karakwiye kwiyubara?
Itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi ryerekanye ko ababikora badafise impungenge ku ngingo zishobora gufatwa n'urwego rw'ibihugu vyo muri Afrika y'uburengero Cedeao/Ecowas.
Ibihano vyafatiwe ubu vuba Mali na Guinee, na yo yabayemwo itembagazwa mu kwezi kw'icenda, ntivyabujije abasirikare gufata ubutegetsi.
Umukuru wa Niger bihana urubibe, Mohamed Bazoum, na we yatanguye amabanga bicumbagira mu 2021 mu gihe yakiriwe n'igeregezwa ryo gutembagaza ubutegetsi mu gihe hari habaye ibitero vyari vyahitanye abantu mu banyagihugu basanzwe n'abasirikare.
Ari mu bantu banegura cane ingene ibintu vyifashe muri Mali n'ingaruka zavyo ku ngoga z'ingabo z'akarere.
Umukuru wa Niger aguma agerageza guhoyahoya ingabo ziwe mu kuzigendera mu ntara zishobora guhungabana, gushika ubu uwo mukenyuro wiwe ukaba usa n'uwukora.
Ibiriko biraba muri Mali na Burkina Faso birateye kandi impungenge z'umutekano muri Côte d'Ivoire, igihugu bihana urubibe mu bumanuko.
Na ho haramaze kuba ibitero vy'aba-jihadists kuva mu kwezi kwa gatandatu mu 2020 vyatumberejwe ku bajejwe umutekano.
