Practices in JudaismWorship in the synagogue

For Jews, practising their faith involves worship and prayer at home and in the synagogue. Being part of a community, celebrating festivals and rites of passage together is important within Judaism.

Part ofReligious StudiesJudaism

Worship in the synagogue

Services at both and include the use of a prayer book called the . Services are often led by a , although in some synagogues anyone can lead the service. There may also be prayers, which might be sung. If they are able to, Jews stand to say these prayers as a sign of respect for the presence of God.

Dressing for worship in the synagogue

In Orthodox synagogues, men wear a and to worship. The tallit reminds Jews that they are obeying God’s word whenever they wear it. The tefillin is intended to help worshippers concentrate on God because they are wearing the words of the scripture on their body. The act of binding leather around the arms and head is also meant to encourage a greater focus on God’s word. Some Reform women also wear tefillin when worshipping in the synagogue.

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Tefillin are worn by Jewish men during morning prayer. The leather boxes contain scrolls of parchment with verses from the Torah

Worship in Orthodox synagogues

Orthodox synagogues hold three daily services in . These are known as Shacharit (morning), Minchah (afternoon) and Arvit (evening). Some Reform Jewish synagogues also hold these services, but most do not. The person leading the congregation, usually the rabbi, faces the .

Inside the synagogue, in order to show respect to God, men cover their heads with a skull cap called a and women cover their hair with a scarf or a hat. In Orthodox synagogues, men and women sit separately, while in Reform synagogues, people of different genders sit together. Some Orthodox Jews sway while they are praying, which helps them to concentrate on the words being said.

Image caption,
Jewish men and boys cover their heads with a skull cap or kippah to show respect for God

Worship in Reform synagogues

Unlike Orthodox synagogues, Reform synagogues usually don’t hold services every day, instead having a weekly service on as well as services for religious festivals and special occasions. Services in Reform synagogues differ from those in Orthodox synagogues because the words of the service are said in both Hebrew and the national language of the country of the synagogue - in the UK, this is English. Men and women sit and worship together, and musical instruments are played.