ምህረት
ሰላም፥ ስለአንድ ጉዳይ ወደምንወያይበትና ስለጉዳዩ ለማውራት የሚያስፈልገውን ቋንቋ ወደምናቀርብበት የEnglish Together ዝግጅት እንኳን በደህና መጡ። ምህረት እባላለሁ። አብሮኝ/አብራኝ …… አለ/አለች።

Tom
Hi, I'm Tom.

Phil 
And I'm Phil. Welcome!

ምህረት
ዛሬ የምንነጋገረው ስለ the inventions that made the modern economy ዘመናዊውን ምጣኔ ኃብት ስለመሰረቱት ፈጠራዎች ነው። ይህንን ታሪክ ስናዳምጥ ስድስት ምርጫዎችን እናገኛለን።

News insert
You may have heard the podcast or World Service programme '50 things that made the modern economy'. It's presented by the Financial Times journalist Tim Harford and has been a huge success. Now he is looking for the 51st thing. People have sent in hundreds of suggestions, and he's picked his 6 favourites and they are: the credit card, glass, the global positioning system or GPS, irrigation, the pencil and the spreadsheet. 

ምህረት
ስለዚህ የዚህ ሳምንቱ ጥያቄ ይሄው፤ ኢንተርኔትን ለመጠቀም የሚያስችለን የትኛው ነው? አስታውሱ የዱቤ ካርዶች credit cards ፥ ብርጭቆ glass ፥ ዓለምአቀፍ አቅጣጫን የመፈለጊያ ስርዓት “the global positioning system” (GPS) ፥ መስኖ irrigation ፥ እርሳስ the pencil ፥ የሂሳብ ሰንጠረዥ the spreadsheet አሉን። Ok – back to the story, which invention do you think is most important?

Phil
For me, it's got to be the ones that I use every day. So my top two are: the credit card, and the GPS. I just think that they are the most practical.

ምህረት
'practical' ተግባራዊ

Phil
Yeah, they're very practical. I use my credit card instead of cash and the GPS on my phone instead of a map, so they're very convenient.

ምህረት
Yes, I think so, 'convenient'. ምቹ ማለት ነው። Personally, I think the spreadsheet is the most convenient. Don't you think convenience is important Tom?

Tom
Well, I mean it is, but... Do you know what?  My two choices are completely different than yours? I just think that glass, and irrigation have had a much bigger impact.

Phil
Really? Glass? I mean, I like looking through windows as much as anyone else, but it hasn't exactly changed the modern world, has it?

Tom
Well, you say that, but actually – glass is so important for everything that we have today – I mean, microscopes for example...

Phil
Yeah, when's the last time you used a microscope?

Tom
Well, think about how many incredible things that scientists have found using microscopes... And, what about those cables that carry information, you know the fibre-optic cables?

ምህረት
Ah, did you hear that? ቀደም ሲል ለተነሳው ጥያቄ ይሄውላችሁ መልሱ። የፋይበር ኦፕቲክ ገመዶች ኢንተርኔትን የሚሸከሙ ሲሆን፥ የተሰሩትም ከብርጭቆ ነው፤ ስለዚህም ብርጭቆ ኢንተርኔትን እንድንጠቀም ያስችለናል ማለት እንችላለን። Anyway Tom, you're saying that you think that glass is a really important invention?

Tom
I think it's fundamental.

ምህረት
'fundamental' መሰረታዊ

Tom
Exactly, so glass is absolutely fundamental because it means that we can have microscopes, fibre-optic cables, and the internet.

Phil
Ok, ok, maybe you've got a point there – but then the next one you suggested was irrigation. Isn't that just taking water from one place to another?

Tom
Oh Phil? irrigation is another important invention on that list. In fact it's not just important, it's life-changing.

ምህረት
'life-changing' ህይወትን የሚቀይር We use “life-changing” to talk about inventions that do that – they change people's lives.

Tom
Yeah, it's life-changing because it means people can grow food where they couldn't before – and they can live in a different place – it literally changes people's lives!

Phil
I don't know, I sort of see what you mean, but your choices just don't seem that important to me.

Tom
Well Phil, you do realise that we're talking about the inventions that are significant for the modern economy, and not just the ones that make your life more convenient?

Phil
Look, I just think convenience is important …

Tom
But, don't you think you need to think about other people and what's important for them as well as what's important for you?

Phil
Well, I'm part of the modern economy as well aren't I?

ምህረት
በትክከል፥ እሽ ምን አሰቡ? በጣም አስፈላጊው ፈጠራ ምንድን ነው ሲሉ አሰቡ? እና የዚህ ሳምንት ዝግጅታችንን አጠናቅቀን ከመሰናበታችን በፊት ዛሬ የተነጋገርንባቸውን ቃላት እንመልከት፥ ሁሉም ከፈጠራ ጋር የተያያዙ ናቸው። Practical ተግባራዊ ማለት ነው፥ convenient ምቹ ማለት ነው፥ fundamental መሰረታዊ ማለት ነው፥ life changing ህይወት ቀያሪ ማለት ነው። አብረውን ስለነበሩ እናመሰግናለን፥ ለተጨማሪ ዝግጅቶች በሚቀጥለው ሳምንት ይጠብቁን።