Asuba ta gari
Nan muka zo karshen rahotanni a wanna shafi.
Sai kuma gobe da safe idan Allah ya kai mu.
Mu kwana lafiya.
Wannan shafi ne da ke kawo muku labaran abubuwan da ke faruwa a Najeriya da sauran sassan duniya
Umar Mika'il, Ibrahim Yusuf Mohammed, Aisha Aliyu Ja'afar da Ahmad Bawage
Nan muka zo karshen rahotanni a wanna shafi.
Sai kuma gobe da safe idan Allah ya kai mu.
Mu kwana lafiya.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Ƙungiyar ma'aikatan hukumar kula da yanayi ta Najeriya, NiMET sun sanar da janye yajin aikin da suka fara ranar Laraba.
Ma'aikatan sun ɗauki matakin janye yajin aikin ne bayan wata ganawa da suka yi da ministan sufurin ƙasar, Festus Keyamo a Abuja yau Alhamis.
Yajin aikin da suka kira kan rashin ingantaccen albashi, ya haifar da cikas a filayen jiragen sama na cikin gida - inda fasinjoji da dama suka kasa yin balaguro.
Ma'aikatan sun kuma ce sun damu matuka ganin cewa ba aiwatar musu da albashi mafi ƙanƙanta da gwamnatin tarayya ta amince da shi ba.
Shugaba Trump ya ce yana ganin shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin, zai saurari buƙatarsa ta dakatar da hare haren da yake kai wa Ukraine.
Kawo yanzu an tabbatar da mutuwar mutum 12 a wasu hare-haren da jirage marasa matuka daga Rasha suka kai cikin dare a Kyiv.
Mista Trump ya wallafa a shafinsa na sada zumunta cewa bai ji daɗin mutuwar mutanen ba, inda ya ce ya kamata Vladimir Putin ya dakata haka.
A baya shugaban na Amurka na ɗora alhakin faɗan da ƙasashen biyu ke yi a kan Ukraine, yana mai cewa shugaba Zelensky shi ne babban wanda ba ya son a zauna lafiya.
A gobe Jumma'a ne ake kyautata tsammanin cewa babban jakadansa Steve Witkoff zai sake kai ziyara Moscow.

Asalin hoton, Reuters
Pakistan ta mayar wa Indiya martani ta hanyar dakatar da bai wa ƴan ƙasar biza yayin da zaman tankiya ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa bayan wani harin da 'yan bindiga suka kai a yankin Kashmir da ke karkashin ikon Indiya da ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar masu yawon buɗe ido 26.
Islamabad ta dakatar da bai wa dukkan ƴan Indiya biza nan take, tare da ƙorar wasu jami'an diflomasiyyar makwabciyar tata da rufe sararin samaniyarta ga jiragen Indiya.
Ƴan sanda a Indiya sun bayyana sunayen uku daga cikin mutum huɗu da ake zargi da kai harin, inda suka ce biyu ƴan Pakistan ne, na uku kuma ɗan yankin Kashmir.
Pakistan ta musanta iƙirarin Indiya na cewa ta taka rawa a harbin da aka yi.
Indiya ta ɗora alhakin kisan da aka yi wa ƴan buɗe idanun kan Pakistan, sannan ta ɓullo da wasu tsauraran matakai ciki har da dakatar da yarjejeniyar amfani da kogunan Indus wadda aka cimma tun a shekarar 1960.
Sai dai, Pakistan ta ce duk wani yunkuri na taƙaita kwararar ruwa a kogunan Indus za ta ɗauke shi a matsayin takalar faɗa.
Firaiministan Indiya Narendra Modi ya lashi takobin neman waɗanda suka kai harin.

Asalin hoton, NDHQ
Rundunar sojin Najeriya ta Operation Safe Heaven ta ce ta daƙile wani yunkurin kai hari a ƙauyen Teegbe da ke karamar hukumar Bassa na jihar Filato, tare da kashe ɗaya daga cikin maharan.
Sanarwar da mai magana da yawun rundunar Manjo Samson Nantip Zhakom ya fitar ranar Alhamis, ya ce lamarin ya faru ne ranar Laraba 23 ga watan Afrilu, inda artabun da sojojin suka yi da maharan ne ya janyo wasu suka tsere.
"Wani mazaunin yankin ne ya kira mu ya faɗa mana abin da ke faruwa, daga nan dakarun mu suka garzaya wurin. Sun fafata da ƴan bindigar har ta kai ga kashe ɗaya daga cikinsu, tare da kama wasu mutum biyu waɗanda ake ci gaba da bincike a kansu," in ji Manjo Samson.
Ya ƙara da cewa dakarun sun kuma samu nasarar kama wasu ƴan fashi uku a wani samame da suka kai hanyar Katnan- Buratali da ke yankin Wase.
Ya ce an samu mutanen da ake zargin ɗauke da wata bindiga da ake ƙera wa a cikin gida, kuma sun amsa cewa sun yin fashi tare da wasu ƴan uwansu a hanyar.

Asalin hoton, EPA
Shugaban Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky ya ce Amurka za ta iya ƙara matsa wa Rasha lamba don ganin an tsagaita wuta bayan Amurkar ta yi barazanar ficewa daga tattaunawar idan ba a cimma matsaya cikin gaggawa ba.
Zelensky ya bayyana haka ne ga manema labarai a ziyarar da ya kai Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya ƙara da cewa, "Mun yi imanin cewa idan aka ƙara matsa lamba kan Rasha, za mu iya ƙara kusantar da matsayar mu."
Zelensky ya katse ziyarar da yake yi a Afirka ta Kudu bayan da aka kashe mutum takwas tare da jikkata wasu da dama a harin da Rasha ta kai cikin dare a Kyiv.
Kalaman na Zelensky sun zo ne bayan da shugaba Trump a ranar Laraba ya zargi shugaban na Ukraine da yin illa ga tattaunawar zaman lafiya, bayan Zelensky ya ce Kyiv ba za ta amince da ikon Rasha kan yankin Crimea ba.
Filin Daga Bakin Mai Ita na wannan makon ya karɓi baƙuncin Hannafi Rabilu Musa, ɗa ga tsohon tauraron wasan Kannywood Rabilu Musa Ibro.
An haifi matashin a garin Danlasan na ƙaramar hukumar Warawa ta jihar Kano, kuma yanzu haka kansila ne a gwamnatin ƙaramar hukumar.
Kamar mahaifinsa, shi ma ɗanwasan barkwanci ne, kuma ya fara fitowa ne a fim ɗin Gidan Dambe, kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC.
Sauran shahararrun finafinan da ya fito sun haɗa Gidan Badamasi, da A Cikin Biyu.
Masu aikin ceto a Kyiv sun ce sun gano ƙarin gawawwaki biyu na mutanen da harin Rasha ya rutsa da su, abin da ya kai alkaluman waɗanda suka mutu zuwa 12, a cewar ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gidan Ukraine.
Tun da farko an yi kiyasin cewa mutum tara ne suka mutu. Tun wannan lokaci alkaluman sun yi ta ƙaruwa zuwa 10 sannan yanzu kuma 12.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Rundunar ƴansanda a jihar Jigawa sun ce sun kama wani mutum bisa zargin kashe matar ƙaninsa a ƙauyen Gunka da ke karamar hukumar Jahun a jihar.
Wata sanarwa da kakakin ƴansandan jihar SP Lawan Shiisu Adam ya fitar ranar Alhamis, ya ce ana zargin mutumin mai suna Buhari Sule mai shekara 25 da far wa matar ƙanin nasa - inda ya lakaɗa mata shegen duka har ta kai ga mutuwarta.
Sai dai ya ce ana tunanin cewa ba shi da lafiyar kwakwalwa, saboda baya ga kashe matar, ya kuma raunata ɗiyar makwabciyarsa ta hanyar yi mata duka da taɓarya.
Sanarwar ƴansandan ta ce lamarin ya faru ne ne ranar Laraba, 23 ga watan Afrilu da misalin karfe 5:30 na yamma a ƙauyen na Gunka.
"Bayan da muka je wurin da lamarin ya faru ne muka garzaya da waɗanda lamarin ya rutsa da su zuwa babban asibitin Jahun domin yi musu magani. Sai dai ɗaya daga cikinsu ta mutu a asibitin yayin da ɗayar kuma ke samun kulawa," in ji Shiisu Adam.
Ya ce wanda ake zargin yana hannunsu a yanzu kuma suna ci gaba da bincike.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Masu gabatar da ƙara sun tuhumi tsohon shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in bisa zargin karɓar cin hanci da rashawa da ya shafi aikin tsohon surukinsa a wani kamfanin jirgin sama.
Masu gabatar da ƙara sun yi zargin cewa tsohon surukin nasa, wanda aka bayyana sunansa a matsayin Seo kawai, ba shi da ƙwarewa sosai a harkar sufurin jiragen sama amma an ɗauke shi aiki, inda shugaban kamfanin jirgin ya karɓi ragamar jagorantar wata hukumar gwamnati.
Moon ya jagoranci ƙasar daga shekarar 2017 zuwa 2022 kuma an fi tunawa da shi kan yunƙurin da ya yi na ƙulla yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da shugaban Koriya ta Arewa Kim Jong Un.
Ya shiga jerin jerin sunayen shugabannin ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu waɗanda siyasarsu ta fuskanci gagarumar koma baya sakamakon zarge-zargen aikata laifuka daban-daban.
Shi ma tsohon shugaban ƙasar, Yoon Suk Yeol, wanda aka tsige daga muƙaminsa a wannan watan saboda ynuƙurin da ya yi na ayyana dokar mulkin soji a ƙasar, yana fuskantar tuhumar aikata laifuka.
Bayan Moon, an kuma tuhumi tsohon ɗan majalisa Lee Sang-jik, inda zarginsa da laifin cin hanci da kuma zamba cikin aminci.
A shekara ta 2022, an yanke wa Lee hukuncin ɗaurin shekara shida a gidan yari bayan samunsa da laifin almubazzaranci da kuɗaɗen kamfani.

Asalin hoton, Reuters
Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya ce bai ji dadin hare-haren da Rasha ta kai kan Kyiv ba, inda ya ce ya kamata shugaba Vladimir Putin ya dakata.
a wani saƙon da ya wallafa a sahfinsa na damndalin sada zumunta na Truth Social, Mista Trump cewa ya yi: "Ba bu amfani, kuma lokacin ma bai dace ba Vladimir, Dakata! sojoji 5000 ke mutuwa duk mako. Ya kamata mu amince da zaman lafiya!".
Hare-haren na cikin dare sun yi sanadiyar mutuwar aƙalla mutane 8 tare da jikkata wasu 77, kamar yadda hukumomin yankin suka bayyana.
Kalaman na Trump sun zo ne bayan shugaban ƙasar Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky ya ce Amurka na iya ƙara matsawa Rasha lamba don ganin an tsagaita wuta.
Zelensky ya shaidawa manema labarai a ziyarar da ya kai ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu, "Mun yi imanin cewa idan aka ƙara matsa lamba kan Rasha, za mu iya ƙara kusantar cimma matsaya."

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Gwamnatin Najeriya ta sanar cewa za a bai wa mahajjatan ƙasar kuɗin guzirinsu a hannu maimakon amfani da kati ko kuma asusun banki.
Wata sanarwa daga ofishin Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasa Kashim Shettima ta ce shi ne ya nema wa mahajjatan sauƙin daga Babban Bankin Najeriya CBN.
"An bayyana damuwa game da tsarin da CBN ya sharɗanta na kowane mahajjaci ya yi amfani da katin banki a matsayin wanda zai iya kawo tarnaƙi ga tsari da aikin gudanar da Hajjin 2025," in ji sanarwar da Stanley Nkwocha ya fitar.
Ta ambato kwamashinan tsare-tsare da ayyukan kuɗi na hukumar alhazai, Aliu Abdulrazaq, na cewa hakan zai bai wa mahajjan Najeriya damar kashe da hannunsu yayin ibadar a Saudiyya.
"Tun kafin yanzu mun sha yin ganawa game da kuɗin guziri a aikin Hajjin na 2025. Daga baya mataimakin shugaban ƙasa ya shiga lamarin kuma ya nemi alfarmar CBN," a cewar kwamashinan.

Asalin hoton, EPA
Paparoma Francis shi ne shugaban darikar Katolika na Latin Amurka na farko kuma ya riƙe mukamin na tsawon shekaru 12.
Manyan limaman coci sanye da jajayen riguna da ƙananan limamai sanye da fararen kaya ne suka raka akwatin gawar Paparoma daga gidansa zuwa cocin a ranar Laraba.
An buga ƙararrawa a cikin jerin gwanon na mintuna 40, yayin da jama'a suka yi ta tafi - wata alama ce ta girmamawa a Italiya.
Jami'an tsaron Swiss guard, waɗanda ke da alhakin kare lafiyar Paparoma, sun raka akwatin gawarsa zuwa bagadin cocin.

Asalin hoton, EPA
Fiye da mutane 50,000 ne ke tsaye a layi cikin sa'o'i 24 da suka gabata domin nuna girmamawa ga Paparoma Francis a majami'ar St Peter's Basilica, in ji fadar Vatican.
Da safiyar yau Alhamis layin ganin gawar Paparoman, wanda ke cikin buɗaɗɗen akwatin gawa, ya miƙe daga dandalin St Peter har ya kai kan titi.
Akan rufe shiga cikin cocin da ke birnin Vatican ne da tsakar dare agogon Italiya, amma an tsawaita sa'o'in da ya kasance a buɗe don bai wa ɗimbin jama'a damar ganin gawar.
Fafaroma ya rasu ne a ranar Litinin yana da shekaru 88 bayan ya yi fama da bugun zuciya.
Ya shafe makonni biyar yana jinya a asibiti a farkon wannan shekarar sakamakon ciwon huhu.

Ma'aikatan hukumar kula da yanayi ta ƙasa a Najeriya Nimet sun rufe ofishinsu na filin jirgin sama na Malam Aminu Kano.
Ma'aikatan sun ce sun shiga yajin aikin sai abin da hali ya yi ne saboda rashin kyakkyawan albashi, da rashin horo, da kuma ƙin biyansu haƙƙoƙinsu.
A safiyar yau Alhamis ne ma'aikatan hukumar suka jawo soke tashin wasu jirage saboda yajin aikin, inda kamfanin Air Peace ya sanar da dakatar da aiki.
Amma rahotonni sun ce wasu kamfanonin sun gudanar da jigilar a wasu filayen jirgin.



Asalin hoton, AFP
Gwamnatin Benin ta amince da cewa wasu da ake kyautata zaton mayaƙa masu iƙirarin jihadi ne sun kashe sojoji 54 a arewacin ƙasar a makon jiya a yankin da ke kusa da kan iyakar Burkina Faso da Nijar.
A baya dai hukumomin ƙasar sun ce sojoji takwas ne kawai aka kashe.
Wannan adadi da aka yi wa kwaskwarima ya zama hari mafi muni da aka sani tun bayan da masu ta da ƙayar baya suka ɓullo a arewacin Benin.
Ƙungiyar da ke da alaƙa da al-Qaeda ta ɗauki alhakin kai harin - Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal Muslimeen, (Jnim), wanda ke da sansani a ƙasar Mali amma a shekarun baya-bayan nan ta faɗaɗa ayyukanta zuwa ƙasashe maƙwabta.
Ƙungiyar da ke iƙirarin da'awar jihadi ta ce ta kashe sojoji 70 a wani samame da ta kai wasu sansanonin soji biyu a arewacin ƙasar, kamar yadda ƙungiyar leƙen asiri ta SITE ta bayyana.
Jnim dai na ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin masu da'awar jihadi da ke aiki a yankin Sahel na yammacin Afirka, musamman ma a ƙasashenn Mali da Nijar da Burkina Faso, inda gwamnatocin sojojin ƙasar ke fafutukar ganin sun daƙile ayyukan ta'addanci.
Ƙasashen Benin da Togo dai sun fuskanci ƙaruwar ayyukan ƙungiyoyi masu ɗauke da makamai a cikin ƴan shekarun nan, yayin da ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar IS da al-Qaeda suka bazu zuwa kudancin ƙasar.

Asalin hoton, Reuters
Falasdinawa tara ne aka kashe a wani hari da jiragen yaƙin Isra’ila suka kai kan ofishin ƴansanda da ke arewacin Gaza, in ji jami’an kiwon lafiya da masu bayar da agajin farko.
Wasu mutane da dama kuma sun jikkata a yayin da wasu makamai masu linzami suka afka wa yankin kasuwan da ke garin Jabalia.
Rundunar sojin Isra'ila ta ce ta kai hari a wani "cibiyar bayar da umarni" na Hamas da ƙawayenta na Jihad Islami na Falasdinawa a Jabalia da ake amfani da su wajen shirya hare-hare.
Aƙalla wasu mutane 17 ne aka ruwaito an kashe ɓangarori daban-daban na Gaza a yau Alhamis.
Sun hada dawasu ma'aurata da ƴaƴansu huɗu - waɗanda aka jefa bama-bamai a gidansu a yankin arewacin Sheikh Radwan na birnin Gaza, a cewar hukumar kare fararen hula ta Gaza. Wani ɗan uwan waɗanda aka kashen mai suna Nidal al-Sarafiti, ya ce iyalin sun yi barci a lokacin da aka kai musu harin.
Kafofin yaɗa labaran Falasɗinawa sun kuma rawaito cewa an kashe mutum uku da suka rasa matsugunansu a lokacin da aka kai hari kan tantin da suke kwance a ciki a kusa da Nuseirat, a tsakiyar Gaza, kuma yara biyu sun mutu a wani harin da aka kai a wani tanti a kudancin yankin Khan Younis.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Ƙasar Tanzaniya ta haramta shigo da duk wasu albarkatun noma daga ƙasashen Afirka ta Kudu da Malawi yayin da takun sa'ar kasuwanci tsakanin ƙasashen ke ƙara ƙamari.
"Muna ɗaukar wannan matakin ne domin kare muradun kasuwancinmu. Wannan kasuwanci ne - a harkokin kasuwanci, dole ne mu mutunta juna," in ji Ministan Noma na Tanzaniya Hussein Bashe a ranar Laraba, yayin da yake tabbatar da matakin.
Afirka ta Kudu ta shafe shekaru da dama ta hana shigowa da ayaba daga Tanzaniya.
Ƙasar Malawi da ke kan iyaka da Tanzaniya ta hana shigo da kayayyakin garin fulawa da shinkafa da citta da ayaba da masara daga makwabciyarta ta arewa.
Yunƙurin warware rashin jituwar ta hanyar diflomasiyya ya ci tura, amma Bashe ya ce ana ci gaba da sabon tattaunawa.
Wannan rikicin kasuwancin dai zai fi shafar ƴaƴan itatuwa da Afirka ta kudu ke fitarwa zuwa Tanzania.
A nata ɓangaren kuma, Malawi wanda ba ta da gaɓar teku, kuma ta dogara kan tashoshin jiragen ruwan Tanzania domin ta shigo da kayayyakin da suka haɗa ganyaen taba, da sukari da waken soya sai ta nemi sabuwar tashar shigowa da kayayyaki ƙasarta.

Asalin hoton, Reuters
Rasha ta kai manyan hare-hare da jirage marasa matuka da makamai masu linzami birnin Kyiv, inda mutane 9 suka rasu kuma wasu 60 suka jikkata.
Magajin garin Kyiv Vitali Klitschko ya ce hare-haren sun yi sanadiyyar tashin gobara a wurare da dama, kuma ana fargabar wasu mutane sun maƙale a ƙarƙashin ɓaraguzai.
An kuma bayar da rahoton tashin bama-bamai a birnin Kharkiv da ke arewa maso gabashin ƙasar inda magajin garin ya ce aƙalla mutane biyu ne suka jikkata.
Wannan na zuwa ne sa'o'i kadan da shugaba Trump ya ƙara matsawa Ukraine lambar ta amince da miƙa wasu yankuna ga Rasha domin kawo ƙarshen yaƙin.
Wakilin BBC rawaito cewa daftarin yarjejeniyar da aka kwarmatawa kafafen yaɗa labarai ta kunshi sharaɗin cewa, Rasha za ta dakatar da buɗe wuta, yayin da Amurka za ta amince ta ci gaba da riƙe yankunan da ta mamaye ciki har da Crimea.
Ukraine dai ta sha nanata cewa ba za ta haƙura da Crimea ba, yankin kudancin ƙasar da Rasha ta mamaye un shekarar 2014.
Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ƙaddamar da wani gagarumin farmaki a Ukraine a shekarar 2022, kuma a halin yanzu Moscow tana riƙe da kusan kashi 20% na yankin Ukraine.

Asalin hoton, Air Peace
Harkokin sufurin jiragen sama na fuskantar cikas a filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama na cikin gida yayin da ma'aikatan hukumar kula da yanayi ta Najeriya (NiMET) ke gudanar da yajin aikin kan rashin ingancin yanayin aiki.
Yajin aikin da ya yi kwana biyu yana gudana ya haifar da maƙalewar fasinjoji a filin jirgin saman Nnamdi Azikwe da ke Abuja, da filin jirgin Murtala Muhammed da ke Legas da sauran filayen jiragen sama da ke faɗin ƙasar.
Kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama mafi girma a Najeriya, Air Peace ya sanar da dakatar da ayyukansa sakamakon yajin aikin.
Kamfanin ya sanar da cewa ya yanke shawarar dakatar da sufurin jiragensa ne saboda kiyaye rayukan fasinjojinsa.
Kafar yaɗa labarai ta Channels ta rawaito cewa a filin jirgin saman Legas, kamfanin XEJET da Aero Contractors, da Ibom Air sun yi aiki kamar yadda aka tsara a ranar Laraba, yayin da Air Peace bai yi aiki ba.
Domin shawo kan lamarin, ministan sufurin jiragen sama, Festus Keyamo, ya shirya ganawa da wakilan mambobin ƙungiyar ma'akatan hukumar NiMet masu zanga-zangar.
An shirya gudanar da taron a yau (Alhamis).
Ma’aikatan NiMet sun rufe cibiyoyin kula da yanayi a filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama kuma sun janye duk ayyukan kula yanayi a faɗin ƙasar a ranar Laraba yayin da suke neman a biya musu buƙatunsu

Asalin hoton, EPA
Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da ƴan tawayen M23 da ke samun goyon bayan Rwanda sun amince su dakatar da faɗa a gabashin ƙasar har sai an kammala tattaunawar sulhu da ke gudana a halin yanzu wanda Qatar ke shiga tsakani.
Wannan dai ita ce yarjejeniyar sulhu ta baya-bayan nan tun bayan da ƴan tawayen suka ƙara kai farmaki a gabashin ƙasar inda hukumomi suka ce an kashe mutane 7,000 tun daga watan Janairu.
A ranar Larabar da ta gabata ce, ɓangarorin biyu suka ba da sanarwar yin aiki tare don samar da zaman lafiya, bayan shafe sama da mako guda suna tattaunawa, wanda suka ce an gudanar cikin aminci tare da mutunta juna.
A watan da ya gabata, shugaban ƙasar Congo Félix Tshisekedi da takwaransa na Rwanda Paul Kagame suma sun jaddada aniyarsu ta tsagaita wuta ba tare da sharaɗi ba a wata ganawar ba-zata da suka yi a birnin Doha.
Rikicin da aka kwashe shekaru da dama ana gwabzawa ya ƙara kamari ne a watan Janairu, lokacin da ƙungiyar M23 ta ƙaddamar da wani farmaki da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba, inda ta ƙwace garuruwan Goma da Bukavu - manyan biranen ƙasar Congo guda biyu, lamarin da ya haifar da fargabar ɓarkewar yaƙi yankin baki ɗaya.
DR Congo na zargin Rwanda da bai wa ƙungiyar M23 makamai tare da tura dakaru domin tallafawa ƴan tawayen.
Duk da ikirarin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Amurka suka yi, Rwanda ta musanta zargin da ake yi ma ta na goyon bayan ƙungiyar M23.