Papa mushasha atorwa gute ?

Papa Francis aherutse gushengera ku myaka 88, amatora y'ugiye kumusubirira akazotangura kuri uyu wa 07/05/2025. Vatican yatangaje urupfu rwiwe ku munsi wa mbere wakurikiye Pasika, isaha imwe n'iminota 35, imenyesha ko umwungere mukuwu wa Ekleziya yasubiye kwa Se i Bukama, akaba yashengeye ari aho yari asanzwe aba muri Casa Santa Marta. Yari we mwungere wa Ekleziya wa mbere muri kahise ka Ekleziya, atowe aturuka muri Amerika y'Epfo.

Nk'uko biri mu muco, urupfu rwa Papa rwatangajwe n'igisata kijejwe amagara y'abantu ca Vatican, na cardinal chambellan (camerlengo mu gitaliyano) Kevin Joseph Farrell.

Ikiziga ciwe caciye kijanwa mu cumba co gusengeramwo (chapelle) mu gihe yari arindiriye gusezerwa ubwa nyuma, aho yashinguwe mw'isandugu imwe, Ibi bitandukanye n'abo yakurikiye bo bashingurwa mw'isandugu zitatu zigiye ziterekeranye (zugaranwa imwe mu yindi).

Aba Papa mu bisanzwe batorwa n'abayobozi ba Ekleziya bo ku rwego rwo hejuru bita aba 'Cardinaux', mu gikorwa kirimwo ibanga cane, gifise kahise gahera mu gihe co mu myaka iri hagati ya 500 na 1500 (epoque medieval) inyuma y'ivuka rya Yesu/ Yezu Kristu (époque médiévale).

Ni nde ashobora kuba Papa, atorwa na nde?

Papa atorwa mu gihe uwahahora yashengeye canke yatanze imihoho (nk'uko vyagenze kuri Papa Benoît XVI muri 2013).

Uwumusubiriye aca ahinduka umukuru wa Ekleziya Catolika y'i Roma, umwungere mukuru

Umuntu wese yaronse ibatisimu arashobora gutorwa kuba papa.

Ariko, uwu mwanya wamye uhabwa umwe mu bakuru ba Ekleizya bo ku rwego rwo hejuru bitwa aba kardinali.

Ni na bo baja mu matora ya Papa.

Hari aba kardinali 252 mw'isi yose (aha ni gushika ku wa 19 Ntwarante 2025), bakaba ari na bo basenyeri. Aba kardinali batarenza imyaka 80 ni bo bonyene baja mu matora ya Papa mushasha.

Igitigiri c'abo ba 'kardinali batora' mu bisanzwe gikunda kugarukira ku 120, ariko ubu hari abagera kuri 138 bashobora gutora Papa mushasha. (Papa Francois yari yagenye aba kardinali 21 bashasha mu 2024).

Aba kardnali batora gute Papa mushasha?

Mu gihe Papa mushasha agiye gutorwa, aba kardinali bose batumwako kuja i Vatican, mu gisagara c'i Roma, mu nama y'umwiherero (conclave) yo gutora umu papa. Ni igikorwa co gutora camye gitunganije kumwe, ata na kimwe bahindura, harashize imyaka nk'amajana umunani (800).

Ku munsi wa mbere w'iyo nama y'umwiherero (conclave) w'amatora ya papa, aba kardinali barasoma imisa mw'isengero ya basilique Saint -Pierre. Baca bahurira mu cumba ca chapelle Sixtine ca Vatican. Aho ni ho ingingo « extra omnes » mu kilatini (yogereranywa na «abandi bose hanze ») iheza itagangwa.

Kuva ico gihe, aba kardinali bose baca baguma muri ico cumba gushika umupapa mushasha atowe, ijambo "conclave" mu kilatini risigura "kwugara n'urufunguruzo."

Aba kardinali batora bafise ubushobozi bwo gukora itora rya mbere, muri chapelle Sixtine ku munsi wa mbere w'itora. Ku munsi ugira kabiri, bakora amatora abiri buri gitondo n'abiri inyuma y'umutaga muri ico cumba, gushika aho igitigiri c'abitoza mu kibanza ca Papa kigabanuka bagasigarana umuntu umwe.

Mu gihe c'amatora, umu kardinali atora wese, ashira izina ry'uwo yifuza gurota ku gapapuro ko gutorerako, kanditseko « Eligio in Summum Pontificem », bisigura ngo « Ntoye umwungere mukuru" muki latini. Mu ntumbero yo gukingira ayo matora, aba kardinalki basabwa kutandika bakoresheje umukono wabo usanzwe.

Umunsi wakabiri uheze ata zina bararonka rimwe bahuriyeko, umunsi wa gatatu uca uba uwo amasengesho no kuzirikana, kandi uwo munsi ntibatora. Amatora araheza agakwirikira mu nyuma.

Kugira ngo umuntu atorwe nka Papa, ategerezwa gukwiza amajwi agera kuri 2/3 vy'aba kardinali bari mu matora.

Ayo matora ashobora kumara iminsi ndetse ashobora kumara n'amayinga.

None haba iki mu mwiherero w'amatora ya Papa?

Amatora aba mu mwiherero ntangere. Aba kardinali ntibemerewe kuva i Vatican, canke ngo bumvirize radio, canke barabe televiziyo, ndetse ntibarekuriwe no gusoma ibinyamakuru, cankle ngo bavugane n'umuntu ari hanze kuri terefone.

Nta muntu n'umwe arekuriwe kwinjira mu gace abo ba kardinali barimwo, kiretse abakozi bajejwe imirimo yo kubafasha ivya nkenerwa vya minsi yose, abaganga n'abapatiri baza kubiregesha. Bose kandi baba bakoze indahiro zo kugumya ibanga.

Hagati yitora n'irindi, aba kardinali (abatora n'abamaze kurenza imyaka yo gutora) bamara igihe baganira ku bushobozi bwa bamwe n'abandi mu bakandida bafise.

Nta n'umwe aba arekuriwe kwiyamamaza ku mugaragaro. Ubutegetsi bwa Vatican buremeza ko aba kardinali bayoborwa na Mutima Mweranda.

N'aho biri uko, guhamagarirwa gutora umukandida kanaka canke uwundi bifatwa nk'aho harimwo politique ikomeye.

Kabiri ku munsi muri conclave, amakarata yo gutorerako yakoreshejwe araturirwa, abantu bari hanze muri Vatican barashobora kubona akotsi gasohoka mw'ifumbiro rya Chapelle Sixtine.

Amakarata y'amatora aba ari mw'irangi ryirabura n'iryera. Umwotsi wirabura usigura ko iryo tora ritashoboye guhuriza ku mu kandida umwe nka Papa, na yo umwotsi wera werekana ko Papa yatowe.

Bigenda gute iyo Papa yatowe?

Aratora izina azoheza akitwa ry'ubu papa, akambara n'umwambaro w'amabanga yiwe nka Papa.

Aba kardinali baca bamushimagiza kandi bakamwizeza kumuha icubahiro.

Itangazo ritangigwa ku rubaraza rw'isengero ya Basilique Saint Pierre ku baba bari ngaho barindiriye, rigizwe n'amajambo "Habemus Papam", mu rurimi rw'ikilatini bisigura ngo : "Turafise umu papa."

Papa mushasha aca atangazwa, na we ubwiwe agaca aseruka. Aca ashikiriza ijambo rigufi, agatanga n'umuhezagiro wamye utangwa kuva kera wa Urbi et Orbi – mu kilatini : "mu gisagara no mw'isi yose".

Mu nyuma, ivyayuye mw'itora rimwe rimwe ryose biraheza bigashikirizwa papa mushasha. Mu nyuma birazingwa bikugarwa, bigashirwa mu bubiko bw'ivyo akahise bwa Vatican, kandi ntibisubira gusomwa kiretse papa we nyene ubwiwe abisavye.