Ukraine: Kuki muri ico gihugu hariyo abanyeshure benshi b’abanya-Africa?

Igitero c'Uburusiya muri Ukraine catumye abantu ibihumbi n'ibihumbi bahunga, harimwo abanyeshure bava mu bindi bice vy'isi harimwo Afrika, Asia n'ibihugu vy'Abarabu.

Ukraine yari irimwo abanyeshure b'abanyamahanga barenga 76.000, nk'uko vyerekanwa n'amakuru yo muri reta yo mu 2020.

Hafi ica kane c'abo banyeshure b'abanyamahanga baturuka muri Afrika, abenshi muri abo bakaba bava muri Nigeria, Maroc na Misiri (Egypt). Ubuhindi nibwo bwari bwiganje ku banyehure barenga 20.000.

Abo banyeshure - biga cane cane ubuganga, ubuhinga (mu bwubatsi n'ibindi) n'ibijanye n'ubucuruzi - bari bafise uruhara rukomeye mu butunzi bw'igihugu.

Ubu rero Uburusiya bwagavye igitero ca mbere gikomeye ku mugabane wa Buraya kuva intambara ya kabiri y'isi iheze, ibihumbi n'ibihumbi muri abo barahunze, abandi bagotewe aho bari n'intambara, kandi benshi ntibazi kazoza k'amashure yabo.

Ni iki cabakwegakwega muri Ukraine?

Ukraine camye ari igihugu kija kwigamwo abanyamahanga benshi, kuva mu gihe c'aba Soviet, igihe hashirwa uburyo bwinshi mu mashure ya kaminuza no kugerageza gukwegakwega abanyeshure b'ibihugu vya Afrika vyaheruka kuronka ubwigenge.

Ubu kaminuza zo muri Ukraine zimeze nk'ikiraro co kuronka amahirwe y'ubuzi mu bihugu vya Buraya, amafaranga y'ishure ntahanitse cane, ntihasabwa birebire mu kuronka visa ya kujayo kandi bishoboka no guhabwa uruhusha rwo kubayo burundu.

"Kaminuza za Ukraine zitanga impapuro z'umutsindo zemerwa henshi kandi zitanga inyigisho z'urugero nyarwo," nk'uko bivugwa na Patrick Esugunum, akorera ikigo gifasha abanyeshure b'abanya-Afrika yo mu burengero bashaka kwiga muri Ukraine.

Yongerako ati: "Abanyeshure benshi, cane cane, biga ibijanye n'ubuganga barajayo kuko baba bashaka kwigira ahantu hari uburyo n'ubuhinga bubereye."

Desmond Chinaza Muokwudo, umunyeshure ava muri Nigeria yari asanzwe aba mu gisagara ca Dnirpo, avuga ko yatwawe n'ingene ibisabwa kugira wemererwe kwiga vyoroshe hamwe n'ukuzimbuka kwo kubaho ugereranije n'ibindi bisagara vya Buraya.

Desmond yari amaze emezi atatu atanguye kwiga.

Vyinshi mu vyigwa bitangwa mu rurimi rw'icongereza, ariko uwo mugabo w'imyaka 30 yari yaratanguye kwiga ururimi rwa Ukraine imbere y'uko yiga ibijanye n'imigenderanire mpuzamakungu.

Ari mw'ihoteri muri Pologne aho yashikiye ahunze intambara imaze kwaduka yavuze ati: "Muri Nigeria nakora akazi ko gusudira, none nashaka kubandanya amashure kugira mpeze neza".

''Ukraine niho nari nabonye noronka amahirwe."

None ubu abanyeshure bari he?

Co kimwe na Muokwudo, abandi banyeshure b'abanya-Afrika barenga 10.000 barashoboye guhunga ingwano barinjira mu bihugu bibanyi, nk'uko bitangazwa n'ishirahamwe rya Buraya.

Vyaravuzwe ko abanyeshure b'abanyamahanga bakorewe ivangura rifatiye ku bwoko, imbuga hwaniro zimwe zimwe zerekana amasanamu aho abategetsi ba Ukraine babuza bamwe kujabuka.

Vyizazwa ko abandi banyeshure amajana bakiri muri Ukraine, ariko biragoye kwemeza ibitigiri.

Christophe, umunyeshure w'umunya-Cameroun, yavuganye na BBC ari mu cumba co mu kuzimu mu gisagara ca Kherson co mu bumanuko ubu cafashwe n'ingabo z'Uburusiya.

Yavuze intambara ikiriko irabica bicika ati: "Iyo ibibombe bitanguye kwasana, duca twinjira, n'umwobo muto." Avuga ko ubu hasa n'ahatekanye ariko ko hari umukwabu wo kutava mu nzu ku murango kandi ko abantu barenga babiri batemerewe kuba bari kumwe hanze.

Avuga ati: "Biragoye kwibaza ko uzoheza amashure ibintu bimeze gutya."

Mu kindi gice c'igisagara, Mamady Doumbouya, umunyeshure ava muri Guinee yiga ibijanye na informatique avuga ati: "Nshaka gusubira mu gihugu iwacu, ntidushobora kwiga mu ntambara."

Nawe nyene yavuganye na BBC ari mu cumba co mu kuzimu akikijwe n'abanyeshure bagenziwe bava muri Gabon, Senegal na Cameroun.

"Nta mazi dufise, nta matara dufise."

Reta ziriko zirafasha iki?

Ukraine yaciye ihagarika ingendo zose z'indege zitwara abantu basanzwe (aba-civil) igihe igitero catangura ku wa 24 ukwezi kwa kabiri.

Ibihugu vya Afrika vyarakoze ivyo bishobora ngo bivanye abanyagihugu bavyo muri Ukraine, bimwe mbere bikaba vyarondeye indege zibasubiza mu gihugu ku bashoboye kujabuka urubibe.

Ghana cabaye igihugu ca mbere co muri Afrika cakiriye umugwi wa mbere w'abanyeshure baco ku wa kabiri.

Avugana na BBC amaze kwururuka indege ku murwa mukuru Accra, umunyeshure Otumfuo Catey yavuze ati: "Nta minsi iheze nibaza ko ntoshoboye gushika ngaha. Ndashima cane kubona nashoboye kuvayo ngashika ngaha kandi nkaba ndi amahoro."

Nigeria nayo yamenyesheje ko izoha indege abashaka gutaha baciye muri Roumanie, Hongrie na Pologne.

Uwuhagarariye Afrika y'Epfo muri Ukraine yabwie BBC ko vyabaye ngombwa ko ava muri Ukraine ku mvo z'umutekano wiwe ariko ko yakoze uko ashobora kwose kugira afashe abanyehure b'abanya-Africa y'Epfo n'abandi banyamahanga kuva muri ico gihugu.

Yavuze ko abahagarariye Afrika y'Epfo muri Pologne na Hongrie nabo bagiye ku mbibe gufasha abantu kwinjira.

Reta ya Ukraine ubu yashizeho umurongo wa terefone wo gutabaza ku banya-Afrika n'abanya-Asia bahunga, nk'uko bimeyeshwa n'umushikiranganji ajejwe imigenderanire.

None bazoshobora kurangiza amashure yabo?

Mu gihe bari bamaze gusohora amafaranga menshi bariha amashure yabo, bamwe mu banyeshure babwiye BBC ko bijijanya imitima niba botaha canke boguma i Buraya kugira barangize amashure yabo.

Jessica Orakpo, umunyeshure yari mu mwaka wa gatandatu w'ubuganga muri kaminuza ya Ternopil National Medical University, yari asigaje amezi ane gusa kugira arangize igihe Uburisiya bwagaba igitero.

"Ubu singira iyo nja n'iyo mva, sinshobora kubandanya kuko impapuro zanje zose zifiswe n'ishure" nk'uko yabwiye BBC ari mu nzira ahunga aja ku murwa mukuru wa Hongrie, Budapest.

"Nta mwanya mfise wo gusubira gutangura kandi nkeneye urupupuro rwanje rw'umutsindo. Gutyo hari aho nobandanya masters ahandi."

Muri Ukraine abanyeshure b'abanyamahanga baba bafise uruhusha rwo kuhaba mu kiringo cose c'amashure yabo, ariko urwo ruhusha ntirukora mu bindi bihugu.

Muokwudo avuga ko azogerageza kurangiza amashure yiwe ahandi i Buraya hamwe ibindi vyose vyokwanka.

Ati: "Nzoguma ngaha ndabe ko ibintu bimera neza. Gusubira muri Nigeria ntibiri mu vyo ntegekanya."