Kubera iki IS yiziziye Uganda?

Mu ndwi iheze, umuhari wiyitirira Reta ya ki Islam canke Etat Islamique/Islamic State (IS) warigamvye ibitero vy'ubwiyahuzi vyawo vya mbere muri Uganda, haciye ukwezi kumwe uvuga ko utanguye gukorera muri ico gihugu.

IS yiyitiriye ibi bitero iciye mu citwa Intara yayo yo muri Afrika yo hagati, ISCAP, ikorera kandi no muri Repubulika y'Intwaro Rusangi ya Congo hamwe na Mozambike.

Abategetsi ba Uganda bagirije umuhari Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), umuhari wo muri Uganda wiyitirira idini rya Islam uherutse gutangaza ko winjiye muri IS uciye muri ISCAP, ko ari wo wakoze iki gitero.

N'aho muri kahise IS itigeze ibangamira umutekano wa Uganda, kubona itanguye gukorerayo ni ibintu bidatangaje na rirya ifitaniye ubucuti na ADF. Ariko gusa ikibazo ni kimwe: kubera iki ubu?

Abategetsi n'ibinyamakuru muri Uganda na DR Congo bagiriza ADF ko ari yo ikora ibi bitero bivugwa ko bikorwa na IS, mbere kenshi usanga ata n'isano bashira kuri IS. Ku ruhande rwayo, mu butumwa bwayo itanga, IS ntiyigera icisha mu kanwa ADF.

ADF yatanguriye muri Uganda mu myaka ya 1990, ariko iza gutsindwa mu ntango za 2000 ica ihungira mu turere turi ku rubibe hagati ya Uganda na DR Congo, ari naho isanzwe ikorera kuva ico gihe.

Ubucuti hagati yayo na IS busa n'ubwagiye gukomera mu 2019, aha hakaba ari igihe IS yiyitirira igitero co mu karere ka Beni muri DR Congo mu kwa kane kw'uyo mwaka, ari naho yaca itangaza ishami ryayo rya ISCAP.

Mu kwa gatatu, Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zashize ADF ku rutonde rw'imirwi y'iterabwoba kubera ubu bucuti ifitaniye na IS.

Ibitero vya IS muri Uganda

Gushika ubu, IS imaze kwiyitirira ibitero bitatu muri Uganda, vyose ku mugwa mukuru Kampala.

Igitero ca mbere cabaye ikibombe caturikiye ku kirindiro c'igipolisi ku wa 07 z'ukw'icumi, IS ikaba yavuze ko cakomerekeje abantu.

Ica kabiri ni ikibombe catezwe ku nzu y'uburiro mu kerere kahuriramwo abantu benshi ku mugwa mukuru ku wa 23 z'ukwa cumi, hanyuma kiraturika gihitana umukozi w'iyo nzu y'uburiro.

Ica gatatu, cari kigizwe n'ibitero bibiri vyakozwe n'abiyahuzi batatu, hafi y'ibiro bikuru vy'igipolisi no ku nyubakwa y'inama nshingamateka ku wa 16 z'ukwa cumi na rimwe. Umukuru w'igihugu Yoweri Museveni yavuze ko abo biyahuzi ari abanywanyi ba ADF, akaba yabise "ingurube".

Amakuru aherutse gutangazwa ku bikorwa vya ISCAP mu mezi ane aheze yavuga ko hamaze gukorwa ibitero bine muri Uganda.

IS ifise kuba yaharuye ko ibitero vya bombe vyo ku wa 16 z'uku kwa cumi na rimwe ari ibitero bibiri bitandukanye, ari co gituma yaciye ivuga ko ari bine imaze gukora muri Uganda.

Ariko kandi, iki gishobora gufatwa nk'ica kane gishobora kuba ari icakozwe n'umwiyahuzi ku modoka yunguruza abantu ku wa 25 z'ukwa cumi hafi y'I Kampala, kivugwa ko cahitanye uwo nyene yagikoze, gusa ntawaciyitiriye.

Abategetsi ba Uganda bavuga ko ico gitero c'ubwiyahuzi capfuvye cakozwe n'umunywanyi wa ADF.

Ubutumwa bwa IS kuri Uganda

Mu bintu vyose ivuga, IS ivuga ko ibitero vyayo bikorwa kuri reta ya Uganda n'igipolisi cayo vy' "abapagani".

Mu kwiyitirira ibi bitero, IS irigamba ko yishe canke igakomeretsa "Abakiristu" kandi ko yateye n'inama nshingamateka ya Uganda "igizwe n'abasenga ibigirwamana".'

Mu gitero cayo co ku wa 23 z'ukwezi guheze ku nzu y'uburiro, uyu muhari wasiguye ko wakoze ico gitero ku "kabare" gakunzwe kugenderwa "n'abanywanyi hamwe n'abakorera igendereza rya reta y'Abapagani ya Uganda".

Imbere y'ibi bitero, Uganda ntiyari ikunze kwumvikana mu butumwa bw'iterabwoba bwasohorwa na IS.

Mu gusigura igituma yakoze igitero co ku wa 16 z'uku kwa cumi na rimwe, IS yavuze ko Uganda ari "kimwe mu bihugu biri mu ntambara n'abarwanyi ba Etat Islamique muri Afrika yo hagati".

Mu vyo yavugiye mu kinyamakuru cayo al-Naba ku wa 18 z'uku kwa cumi na rimwe, IS yavuze ko ibi bitero vy'ubwiyahuzi "vyuguruye intambwe nshasha y'intambara hagati y'aba mujahidin na reta y'abapagani ya Uganda", kubera, nk'uko yabisubiyemwo, uruhara rwayo mu kurwanya abarwanyi biyitirira idini rya Islam muri "Afrika yo hagati".

Muri ubwo butumwa yanditse, harimwo uwundi murongo uvuga ko Uganda iriko "irishura ku ruhara rwayo mu ntambara n'aba mujahidin hagati mu gihugu [Uganda] no hanze".

Mu mpera z'ukw'icumi, uyu murwi usa n'uko wababajwe n'uko Uganda itemeye uruhara rwawo muri ibi bitero biheruka.

Ivuga ku gitero c'ubwiyahuzi co ku wa 23 z'ukwa cumi ku nzu y'uburiro, IS, iciye mu kinyamakuru al-Naba, yaragabishije Uganda ku vyo ivuga ko ari utwigoro twa reta two gufata minenerwe ibikorwa vya IS mu kubifata ko ari ibitero bito bisanzwe bikorwa n'umuhari w'abarwanyi wo muri ico gihugu - uzwi nka ADF.

IS ivuga ko Uganda yihenda cane mu kutemera ko iki gitero [ku nzu y'uburiro], ica kabiri gikozwe muri ubu buryo, cakozwe na Etat Islamique.

IS ibandanya isigura ko Uganda yifatanije n'abansi bayo mu "kurungika ingabo" muri DR Congo kurwanya abarwanyi bayo muri iki gihugu, "inyuma y'aho igisirikare ca Congo kinaniriwe no gutera intambwe n'imwe ku rubuga".

Kubera iki ubu?

Ni igihe gusa kitari bwashike imbere y'uko IS yinjira muri Uganda, mu nteguro yayo yo kwagura akarere mu ntambara yayo, ahatanguriye umuhari ukorana nayo wa ADF.

Ufatiye ku bivugwa na IS ubwayo, bisa n'uko uyu muhari ufata ko Uganda yongereje inguvu mu kurwanya incuti zawo mu buseruko bwa Congo, ikaba rero yikika inyuma y'ibi kugira ngo itere Uganda.

N'aho hari ibiganiro hagati ya Uganda na DR Congo mu ntumbero yo gukorera hamwe mu kurwanya abarwanyi biyitirira idini rya Islam mu karere, gushika ubu nta bikorwa vyo gukorera hamwe biratangura.

Ivyo kurungika ingabo muri DR Congo ni ibintu vyo kwitondera cane, ufatiye ku kungene Uganda yafashije inyeshamba zarwanya ubutegetsi bwa Congo mu myaka ya 1990.

Mu kw'icumi, Perezida Museveni yatangaje ko igihugu ciwe "citeguriye kuja gufasha" kurwanya umuhari ADF ku butaka bwa Congo, "mu gihe abategetsi ba reta ya Congo bovyemera". Ariko gushika ubu nta tangazo rivuga ivyo gukorana ririgera rishirwa ahabona.

Kubona rero ibitero vy'i Kampala bibaye muri kino gihe, bishobora kuba ari amayeri ya IS yo guhamagarira abanya Uganda ngo biyamirize irungikwa iryo ari ryo ryose ry'ingabo za Uganda muri DR Congo.

Abarwanyi ba ki Islam bashobora kwama bikika kuri iri rungikwa ry'ingabo muri Congo mu gutera abasivire ba Uganda.

Nk'akarorero, ni igitero c'ubwicanyi gikomeye giheruka gukorwa i Kampala mu 2010, ciswe "World Cup"bombings, kubera cabaye ku bantu bariko barorera urukino rwa nyuma rw'igikombe c'isi yose mu mupira w'amaguru kigahitana abantu 74.

Umuhari al-Shabab ni wo waciyitiriye, uvuga ko washaka kwihora Uganda kubera yarungitse ingabo muri Somalia.

Ku wa 23 z'uku, umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire wa Uganda Henry Okello-Oryem yasubiwemwo n'ikinyamakuru Red Pepper avuga ko ata gikorwa na kimwe co kurungika ingabo muri DR Congo gishoboka abategetsi ba Kinshasa badatanze uruhusha.

Ati: "Ni ngombwa ko ubironkera uburenganzira. Ntushobora kwishora ku butaka bw'uwundi uko nyene".

IS iri mu rugamba rutoroshe mu buseruko bwa DR Congo kuva mu kwa gatanu aho reta yatangaza ibihe bidasanzwe muri ako karere ica ishinga ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare mu ntara za Kivu ya Ruguru na Ituri ziri ku rubibe ico gihugu gihana na Uganda, akarere IS isanzwe ikoreramwo cane. Igotwa ry'izi ntara ryagumye ryisubiriza kandi n'ubu riracabandanya.

Inyuma y'ukwezi iri gotwa ritanguye, IS yakoze kw'itama reta ya Congo ko yananiwe no guhagarika ibikorwa vyayo mbere iranigamba ko yakoze igitero "ca mbere" hagati mu gisagara ca Beni c'intara ya Kivu ya Ruguru.

Ico gihe, yatangaje ko abarwanyi bayo ari bo bakoze igitero ca bombe kw'isengero hamwe n'ikindi c'ubwiyahuzi mu kabare, ari co ca mbere muri DR Congo. Imbere y'aho, ibitero vyabera hanze y'igisagara ca Beni.

Mu kw'icumi, umunyamakuru Nicaise Kibel'Bel Oka, umwanditsi w'ibitabo vyinshi bivuga ku ntambara ya ki islam mu karere ka Beni, yabwiye abanyamakuru ati:

"Intumbero y'igisirikare mu kugota aka karere ni uguhagarika uruja n'uruza rwa ADF ku butaka bwa DR Congo, mu ntumbero yo kurondera kubirukana bagasubira muri Uganda".

Iki gitero gishasha ca IS muri Uganda kiri mu rwego rw'ibikorwa vy'uyu muhari vyo kurondera kwimukira muri Afrika kuva mu 2019, inyuma y'aho utakarije ibirindiro vyawo vya nyuma mu karere k'Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, hamwe n'umugambi wawo wo kurondera kwiyagurira akarere.

Ubucuti ufitaniye na ADF muri Uganda buwuha akaryo ko gukorera muri Uganda mu buryo bworoshe. Butuma kandi uyu muhari wa IS wegera buke buke iyindi mihari ikorana nawo muri "Afrika yo hagati", neza na neza muri DR congo, Uganda na Tanzania aho IS imaze kwiyitirira ibitero bibiri gusa, hamwe rero na Mozambike.