Present tenseMaking sentences negative

Use the present tense to describe what is happening right now, what you do regularly or what you do in an ongoing situation.

Part ofGermanGrammar (for exams until 2025)

Making sentences negative

In German there are two ways of making any sentence negative:

  • insert a negative adverb with verbs
  • use kein instead of ein, eine, ein with nouns

Negative adverbs

Here are some common negative adverbs:

  • nicht – not
  • nie – never
  • niemals – never

Examples in use

  • ich spiele oft Tennis – I often play tennis
  • ich spiele nicht oft Tennis – I don’t often play tennis
  • ich esse Fleisch – I eat meat
  • ich esse nie Fleisch – I never eat meat
  • Torsten fährt langsam – Torsten drives slowly
  • Torsten fährt nicht langsam – Torsten doesn't drive slowly

How to use kein – not a, not any

It is very easy to make sentences negative using kein. Look at these sentences:

  • ich habe einen Hund – I have a dog > ich habe keinen Hund – I don’t have a dog
  • ich trage eine Brille – I wear glasses > ich trage keine Brille – I don’t wear glasses
  • ich will ein Eis – I want an ice cream > ich will kein Eis – I don’t want an ice cream
  • ich habe Hausaufgaben – I have homework > ich habe keine Hausaufgaben – I don’t have any homework

Question

Practise your negatives in the present tense by translating these sentences into German.

  • I don’t drink tea every day.
  • He doesn’t have a sister.
  • We never eat fish.
  • They don’t wear school uniform.
  • I have no money.
  • She does not play well.

Did you know?

Ich esse nie Fleisch – I never eat meat.

The number of vegetarians in German-speaking countries is increasing, especially in Austria. There are now lots of good vegetarian restaurants, too.

If you are vegetarian and in a German-speaking country, look out for words like:

  • vegetarisch – vegetarian
  • vegetarische Gerichte – vegetarian dishes
  • vegetarisches Essen – vegetarian food
  • Gemüse – vegetables
  • ohne Fleisch – without meat, ohne Milchprodukte – dairy free
  • Hülsenfrüchte – pulses (lentils etc)
Vegetable stand at a marketplace in Vienna, Austria
Image caption,
More and more Germans are becoming vegetarians