Working drawings
An accurate line drawing to show the back and front views of a product, used on a manufacturing specification sheet. give information about structure, Sizes and measurements., materials and assembly instructions for a product. The main types of working drawing are:
- A particular side. drawings
- Shows how parts of a product fit together.
- A 3D view of how each part of a design fits together.
- A 2D drawing of a 3D object.
Working drawings must be presented clearly as they are sent from a designer to a A person or company that makes something from raw materials or from an assembly of component parts. to enable them to build a product. These drawings can be produced electronically, using The process of creating a 2D or 3D design using computer software., or by hand.
Elevations
Elevations are the sides of an item you can see on the drawing, eg front elevation or side elevation. The top is referred to as the ‘plan’. These drawings enable detailed measurements to be added for every section of the product.
This isometric drawing shows the plan and front and side elevations of the shape.
Assembly
An assembly drawing shows how parts of a product fit together and are often used to show how to assemble parts of model kits and flat-pack furniture.
There are two types:
- fitted assembly - shows the parts put together and can be drawn in 2D or 3D
- exploded diagram - shows the parts separated, but in the correct relationship for fitting together, usually drawn in 3D
Exploded diagrams
Exploded diagrams show how a product can be assembled and how the separate parts fit together, with dotted lines showing where the parts slide into place. The diagrams also show components that would usually be hidden in a solid drawing.
Exploded diagrams can take the place of detailed written instructions, meaning they can explain the construction of something without the barrier of different languages. They are widely used as instructions for self-assembly furniture.
Orthographic projections
A 2D drawing of a 3D object. are An accurate line drawing to show the back and front views of a product, used on a manufacturing specification sheet. in either a first or third angle projection and show each side of a design without The appearance of a viewed object., ie a 2D drawing of a 3D object. They are used to show an object from every angle to help manufacturers plan production. Starting with a front view of a product, Lightly drawn lines that aid the accurate placement of permanent lines in a diagram. show where areas join and are used to draw a side and plan (top) view, ensuring that the drawing is accurate from all angles. These drawings are Having a fixed relationship to the actual dimensions of an object. The relationship is usually stated as a ratio, eg. 25:1. and must show Sizes and measurements..
First and third angle projections
Orthographic drawing for manufacturing. and Orthographic drawing for manufacturing. are the two main types of orthographic drawing, also referred to as ‘working drawings’. The difference between first and third angle projection is in the position of the plan, front and side views.
In third angle, what you see from the right would be drawn on the right. In first angle, the view from the right would be projected through and drawn on the left. The views in first angle are depicted as if you were looking at an x-ray of the object.
First and third angle projections use these symbols on a diagram to indicate which projection they are:
Orthographic projections have a set of standard lines to show different aspects of the diagram. These lines allow complex shapes to be drawn simply in 2D.
