PrepositionsDefinite articles - accusative

Prepositions describe where something is in relation to something else. In German, the preposition used affects the case of the word it describes. The sentence's meaning depends on getting this right.

Part ofGermanGrammar (for exams until 2025)

Definite articles - accusative

Prepositions cannot be used on their own, so when you use one of the accusative (or FUDGEBOW) prepositions, the definite article (the) that follows has to change to the accusative case like this:

  • der > den (m)
  • die > die (f)
  • das > das (nt)
  • die > die (pl)

Examples in use

  • der Vater (the father) > für den Vater (for the father)
  • die Tür (the door) > durch die Tür (through the door)
  • das Dorf (village) > um das Dorf
  • die Kinder (the children) > ohne die Kinder (without the children)

Question

Rewrite these sentences with the correct form of the definite article ‘the’ after the preposition. What do the sentences mean?

  • Markenkleidung ist zu teuer für ___ Leute mit nicht viel Geld. [die]
  • Wir spazieren um ___ Stadt. [die]
  • Er ist durch ___Wald gegangen. [der]
  • Das Auto ist gegen ___Wand gefahren. [diese]
  • Sie läuft ___ Fluss entlang. [der]
  • Wir warten bis ___ Wochenende. [das]
  • Sie sind ohne ___ Gepäck losgefahren. [das]
  • Das ist wider ___ Wunsch von meinen Eltern. [der]

Indefinite article (a) - with accusative prepositions

The words for ‘a’ and ‘not a’ (ein and kein) plus possessive adjectives (mein, dein, sein, ihr, sein, unser, euer, Ihr, ihr) change after FUDGEBOW prepositions like this:

A 2 column table showing how the German words ein and kein plus possessive adjectives like mein etc change after accusative prepositions.

Question

Select the correct form of the word in brackets to use after the preposition in these sentences:

  • Ich bin total für ___ Hausaufgaben. [kein]
  • Die Besucher gehen um ___ schönen Garten. [sein]
  • Der Zug ist schnell durch ___ Tunnel gefahren. [ein]
  • Sie spielen lieber gegen ___ gute Mannschaft. [eine]
  • Eine Spinne läuft ___ Bad entlang. [unser]
  • Wir werden bis ___ anderen Tag warten. [ein]
  • Sie müssen ohne ___ besten Spieler spielen. [ihr]
  • Ich habe es wider ___ Willen gemacht. [mein]

Did you know?

Draußen vor der Tür (literally: outside the door) is the title of a famous play by the author Wolfgang Borchert. The play depicts the hopeless situation of a former soldier, known only as Beckmann, who returns from war to find that he has lost his wife, his house, and subsequently his beliefs. He realises that every door is now closed to him.

As a teenager, Borchert rebelled against the Nazi regime, and as an adult, he was frequently arrested and tried for supposedly endangering the state by his comments, before being released and sent to fight again.

The illnesses and injuries he endured during this time led to his premature death at the age of 26, but Draußen vor der Tür has remained one of the most popular works of 20th-century German literature and is still read in schools today.

Wolfgang Borchert
Image caption,
Wolfgang Borchert wrote his famous play in just eight days