Wetin be landslide, wetin dey cause am?

Landslides don dey common dan any oda geological event wey fit dey occur anywia for di world, according to di world health organization (WHO).

Sabi pipo don tok say dis landslides bin dey serious due to climate change wia dis trend go continue.

E don happun for Indonesia, Nepal, and Papua New Guinea so far dis year – many pipo die wia odas dey miss.

For here, we chook eye into wetin dey cause landslides, di different types and how pesin fit protect diaserf and odas.

Wetin be landslide?

Landslide na wen rock don dey move go down or say di earth or di debris dey crash along a slope.

Dis dey fit to happun suddenly or small small afta long time.

E dey happun as force wey don dey pull di slope down (na gravity) dey strong pass di tin wey dey hold am, according to di British geological survey website.

Wetin be di main causes of landslides?

Plenti tins fit cause landslides.

According to di US geological survey (USGS), “landslides bin dey happun inside slope wey already don dey move by rainfall, snow, change for water level, stream erosion, change for ground water, earthquake, human activities or if any of dis tins combine.”

Some landslide fit to happun under water wia dey dey call submarine landslides. Dis kain one bin dey happun due to earthquakes and storm waves – wia dey fit cause tsunami wey dey destroy coastal areas.

Di WHO tok say di areas wey dey likely to experience landslides include:

Wetin be di different types of landslides?

Landslides get different types from di quick rockfalls and debris flows to ogbonge slides wia fit to last for centuries.

Some odas dey complex – di slow moving landslides fit to combine di debris wey don dey move slowly, according to di USGS.

Di term ‘landslide’ dey cover five types of movement on top slope: say tins dey fall, tins dey roll ova, say e don dey spread and di one wey dey flow. Sabi pipo bin dey divide dis types by di kind material wia dey fall - either say e be bedrock or debtris r di earth.

Dis na brief summary of each one:

Falls: Dis na wen rock or earth don drop suddenly for steep slope

Topples: Wen material don rotate forward around one pivot.

Slides: Wen material bin dey move downwards along surface wey fine, im dey include rotational and translational slides.

Spreads: Movement of material for one side on top slope wey dey gentle, especially if loose surface wey water don collect on top begin to dey shake like say na earthquake.

Flows: Loose materials wey bin dey like water dey move

How pesin fit to survive landslide

Landslide don affect ova 4.8 million pipo wia more dan 18,000 pipo don die between 1998 and 2017, according to di WHO.

Di American red cross don advise say make una run from di area if you sense danger, wey you gat to tok your neigbours and di authorities as soon as you fit do am.

Dem also tok say make pesin bin dey listen out for sounds of say trees wey dey crack or if some rocks wey don dey knock each oda.

Dey also advise say for pipo wey dey live near stream gat to “be alert for any increase or decrease in di flow of water and weda di water don dey change from colourless to muddy.”

Dis kain changes mean say tins don dey wash enta di water from upstream, na so you gatz to move fast.

Survival tips

One study by di University of Washington for di US don tok about tips wey pipo fit use to survive .

Sabi pipo find wey dey analyze di records of 38 landslides wey affect houses wia pipo bin dey stay.

Most fo dis data dey from di US, but di data also gatz gist about landslides from around di world.

“We gat some simple tins wey fit to increase di chances say you go survive landslide,” one professor for civil and environmental engineering, Joseph Wartman

Im add say, pesin gat twelve times chance to survive if dey move on top any upper floor during landslide.

Oda tips to survive include say you go open doors and windows as you bin dey move wia you gat to make noise if you end up under di debris.

How harmful landslide dey?

“Some landslides dey move fast pass pesin wey dey run wey e fit to happun without notice wey e fit happun ova days, weeks or more,” di USGS tok.

Acording to di WHO, landslides fit lead to plenti deaths and injuries from di water wey dey flow fast and di debris.

Di most common tin wey dey kill pipo for landslide disaster na di trauma or say pesin go suffocate afta dey trap under di debris.

But even afta lanbdslide don happun, di danger still dey. Di WHO tok say, “landslides fit affect health system and oda services like water, electricity or communication lines.”

If power lines don scatter, dis fit lead to electrocution wey gas and sewage pipes fit cause injuries and oda water-borne diseases.

“Pipo wey dey affected by landslide fit get mental health wahala due to di fact say dey lose dia familu, propert, livestock or crops,” di WHO add.

Landslides fit dey linked to climate change?

Sabi pipo say climate change and temperature wey dey rise fit cause more landlsides.

“Landslides go happun for more areas due to climate change wey dey increase rainfall wey fit trigger landslides,” di USGR tok.

According to di WHO, dis dey likely for places wey gat mountains wit snow and ice.

“As permafrost don dey melt, di rocky slopes dey become unstable wey go cause landslide.”

Di USGR also add say as climate change bin dey linked to more wildfires: “places wey don burn already fit experience increase for landslides sake of di fire don scatter di soil and di vegetation already.”