Gaza Strip in Maps: How 15 months of war don change life for di area

Gaza ceasefire deal don happun but 15 months of fighting don cause ogbonge impact for di coastal Palestinian territory.

Israel bombing campaign and ground invasion bin start to ansa di Hamas cross-border attack for 7 October 2023 wia dem kill 1,200 pipo and 251 odas bin dey kidnapped.

Israel bin tok say dem bin dey try to destroy di military and goment of di Islamist group, wey dey committed to di destruction of Israel and and don dey control Gaza since 2007. But dem don kill ova 46,600 Palestinians, according to di Hamas run health ministry.

Gazans dey hope say di latest ceasefire go finally bring peace but di United Nations dey warn say e fit take years or even decades bifor di territory go recover. Dis visual guide dey show di way di kasala don change lives drastically.

How di destruction take spread

Israel campaign bin first face northern Gaza wia dem say Hamas fighters bin dey hide wit di civilian population.

Di northern town of Beit Hanoun, wey dey only 2km from di border na one of di first areas wey Israeli strikes hit. E sustain heavy damage.

Israel kontinu to dey bomb Gaza City and oda urban centres for di north and order civilians make dem move south of di Wadi Gaza river for "safety and protection" bifor dem start dia ground invasion by di end of October.

But Israel bin also launch air strikes for di southern cities wia hundreds of thousands of Gazans from di north bin dey run go. By di end of November, parts of di south of di territory bin don scata like much of di north.

Israel increase dia bombing of southern and central Gaza by di start of December bifor dem come start ground offensive for Khan Yunis and by January ova half of Gazan buildings bin dey damaged or destroyed.

Fifteen months of kasala don probably damage almost 60% of buildings across di Gaza Strip. Na Gaza City suffer pass according to sabi pipo from di CUNY Graduate Center and Oregon State University wey don dey analyse satellite data.

Di UN estimate say di damaged buildings include di ova 90% of di housing units for Gaza, wit 160,000 wey don dey destroyed and anoda 276,000 wey bin dey damaged well-well or partially.

Throughout di war, Hamas, wey dey designated as terrorist organisation by Israel, di UK and many oda kontris, and dia allies don dey serious fight against Israel forces for ground. Dem also dey fire thousands of rockets go Israel.

Creation of a big tent city

Life bifor di war no easy for Gaza. For years e bin dey di middle of an Israeli-Egyptian blockade wey limit who fit enta and comot di territory well-well. Di two kontris say e dey needed for security.

Although almost two-thirds of di population bin dey live in poverty according to di World Bank, and thousands bin dey live for UN-run refugee camps, dem bin also get hospitals, schools and shops.

But Gaza, wey dey only 41km and 10km wide and bin dey block for di Mediterranean Sea and closed orders wit Israel and Egypt, now get large parts wey pesin no fit stay.

Full districts don dey burnt to di ground. Greenhouses don dey reduced to sand and rubble wit heavy vehicles and tanks wey di Israeli troops bin dey use in clearing operations.

Bifor di war, most of di 2.2 million pipo for Gaza bin dey live for four main cities wey be Rafah and Khan Younis for di south, Deir al-Balah, for di centre, and Gaza City but almost di whole population now don run comot from house.

Families don dey displaced multiple times as Israel change focus plenti times. Dem first tell pipo for di north to go south of Wadi Gaza river wey divide di Strip in half and later declare evacuation zones for di south.

Satellite images show say tents wey dem make for displaced pipo for al-Mawasi wey close to di Egyptian border don full evriwia, ery Israel prepare as "humanitarian zone" for October 2023.

Israel expand di zone for May, come add parts of Khan Younis and Deir al-Balah, afta dem launch ground offensive for Rafah wia ova one million pipo bin dey stay.

But dem don kontinu to dey reduce di size as Israel dey target areas wia dem sat Hamas dey operate and dem even launch attacks while dem bin dey embedded wit displaced civilians.

For August, di UN estimate say ova 1.2 million pipo bin dey shelter for al-Mawasi wey no get critical infrastructure and basic services and don different in size from like 7 km sq wen e bin dey first introduced for 72 km.

Overcrowding don turn major worry for UN emergency shelters for central and southern Gaza as some don go way past dia capacity.

Oda families dey live inside tents or makeshift shelters for compounds or for open areas for land and beaches.

Di struggle for food

About 1.8 million pipo dey face high levels of food insecurity wey include id almost 133,000 pipo wey dey face catastrophic food insecurity according to di Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) wey be di joinbodi wey dia work na to declare famine.

Dia analysis for September 2024 to August 2025 warn sat levels of acute malnutrition bin dey 10 times higher dan bifor di war start.

Even bifor dis current kasala, like 80% of di pipo for Gaza bin need humanitarian aid.

Aid deliveries stop completely ofr like 10 days wen israel and Egypt close dia crossings afta 7 October dem start again but wit lower levels. UN tok say na about 50 aid lorries currently enta Gaza evri day for January so far.

Israel say UN figures no true but even dia data show say na only 140 lorries per day enta for January wit di highest of 226 a day enta for April.

For March, di World Food Programme say to just meet simple food need, go need at least 300 lorries per day to enta Gaza and share food. But dem neva reach dat number since di kasala start.

UN officials wey blame di situation on Israeli military restrictions on aid deliveries, di kasala wey dey go on and di breakdown of law and order.

Israel bin insist say no limits dey to di amount of aid wey dem fit send into Gaza and blame UN agencies say na dem no dey distribute supplies. Dem also accuse Hamas of stealing aid wey di group deny.

Poverty dey climb

Di kasala don impact di Gaza economy sotay di World Bank say e don contract by 86% of di first quarter of 2024, di "largest economic contraction on record".

Dem say almost 100% o di population don dey live for poverty unlike bifor di war wen na 64% and di price of basic supplies don rise almost 250%.

Di UN trade and development arm UNCTAD say di cost of di damage wey di war cause dey estimated to be $18.5bn wey be like seven times Gaza entire gross domestic product (GDP) for 2022.

Dem warn for October say even once cease fire dey reach e go take 350 years to rebuild Gaza economy go back im 2022 level unless dem allow am grow quicker dan how dem don grow under di economic and movement restrictions wey don dey ground since 2007.

Many healthcare facilities no fit work bicos of damage or lack of supplies or fuel.

Israeli forces don raid plenti hospitals wit di military accusing dem say Hamas dey use di hospitals for miltary purposes. Hamas and hospital officials don deny dat claim.

Gaza City al-Shifa hospital, wey be di largest medical facility in Gaza bifor, don scata even though dem don reopen dia emergency department. Di IDF say dem kill or capture hundreds of "terrorists" and find weapons and intelligence "throughout di hospital" for im two major operations dia.

Di UN World Health Organization (WHO) say na only 18 of Gaza 36 hospitals dey partially function. Anoda 11 field hospitals dey called say dey fully or partially function.

A long recovery

Aside from di human kasala, di UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) don warn sat e go take long to fix di damage for Gaza.

Dem describe di water and sanitation systems as "almost entirely defunct", warning about mounting doti around camps and shelters and di risk of di chemicals from solar panels wey dey destroyed and di weapons wey dem use contaminate soil and water supplies.

And e dey estimated say ova 50 million tonnes of doti don comot from di destruction.

UNEP say dem go take like 21 years just to clear di doti and explosives remnants for war.

Executive director Inger Andersen tok say, "di significant and growing environment damage for Gaza dey risk locking dia pipo for painful long recovery".