Learning English

TRANSCRIPT

Jackie 
Hello, I'm Jackie Dalton. In this programme, we're going to look at the language we use when we make suggestions. We'll do this by listening to clips from a discussion in the BBC Learning English offices.

EXAMPLE
And how about food? What kind of food are we going to have?

Jackie
A member of BBC Learning English is leaving the team to go and work somewhere else and her colleagues are planning a party for her. We'll hear people making suggestions about what the party could involve.

In English, suggestions are very often expressed in the form of questions. Listen to this discussion. What language structure is used to make suggestions here? 

EXAMPLE

Voice 1
Well, it's for Jackie's leaving party because she's going to work in another department, so we need to have a really good party so we can send her off really well. So, what shall we do?

Voice 2
Well, why don't we have a surprise party?

Voice 3
That's a good idea.

Voice 2
Why don't we hire the ground floor of a bar, get some food in and we could get a band in?

Jackie
Those suggestions were structured as questions. 'Why don't' followed by the subject - in this case, 'we' - and then the infinitive verb form without 'to'. Listen to some more examples of this structure. 

EXAMPLES

Voice 1
I'm worried that they won't have anything to do on Sunday. 

Voice 2
Well, why don't they come with us? 

Voice 1
I don't think he'll have time to see them.

Voice 2
Why doesn't he get the later train, then he'll have more time?

Jackie
So, 'why don't' or 'why doesn't' is followed by the subject and then the base infinitive form of the verb. Another useful expression that also follows this structure is 'shall we'. 

EXAMPLE
Shall we have some music? 

Jackie
So 'shall', plus the subject, plus the base infinitive of the verb.

EXAMPLE
Shall we have some music?

Jackie
Now we're going to hear a slightly different kind of structure, this time with the expression 'why not'. 

EXAMPLE

Voice 1
But why do we have to have catering? That's expensive!

Voice 2
Yeah, why not buy our own food?

Jackie
'Why not buy our own food?' The key difference with 'why not' is that the subject isn't included, just the infinitive form of the verb without 'to'.

EXAMPLE
Why not do that tomorrow? 

Jackie
So, so far, we've looked at the structures with 'shall we' and 'why don't' which are followed by the subject and the base infinitive form of the verb, and we've looked at 'why not', which is followed by just the base infinitive verb form. Listen again to these examples.  

EXAMPLES 

Voice 1
Shall we have some music?

Voice 2
Yeah, why not buy our own food?

Voice 3
Why don't we make our own food?

Voice 1
I was thinking exactly that myself.

Voice 2
That's a nice idea. 

Jackie
A word that's often useful when making suggestions about something you and someone else could do together is 'let's' - an abbreviation of 'let us'. 

EXAMPLE
Let's ask Carrie to make a cake. 

Jackie
You usually use 'let's' when you want to sort of say, 'Come on everybody!' and motivate people. And in this case, it's met with an agreement, 'Let's do that'.

EXAMPLES 

Voice 1
Let's ask Carrie to make a cake. 

Voice 2
Yeah, let's do that.

Jackie
The last bits of the language of suggestions we're going to look at are the words 'could' and 'should'. 'Should' sounds a bit more like you're giving advice than 'could'. 'Could' expresses possibility. But they can both be used for making suggestions. Let's start with 'could'. 

EXAMPLES

Voice 1
Perhaps we could put up some decorations in the office, some balloons and...

Voice 2
Yeah. 

Voice 1
A 'Goodbye Jackie' banner.  

Jackie
So the structure here is the subject - 'we' - followed by 'could', followed by the infinitive base form of the verb. Listen to some other examples. 

EXAMPLES
I could go tomorrow.

He could tell them tonight. 

Jackie
The example we heard earlier included the word 'perhaps'. 

EXAMPLE
Perhaps we could put up some decorations in the office. 

Jackie 
'Perhaps' has the effect of making the suggestion sound a bit more polite. Another word with a similar effect is 'maybe' – 'Maybe we could put up some decorations'.

So what about the word 'should'? As I mentioned, 'should' sounds a bit more like you're giving advice than 'could' - as if it's something you're sure is a good idea. 

EXAMPLES
I think we should buy a really, really big card - a huge card - and we should get everybody to sign it.

Jackie
Again, subject followed by 'should', followed by the infinitive verb. Adding 'I think', like 'perhaps' and 'maybe', softens the statement a bit. 

EXAMPLE
I think we should buy a really, really big card.