Al-Shabab: Dalilin da ya sa dakarun Amurka suka koma Somalia don yaƙar masu ikirarin kishin Musulunci

Matakin da Amurka ta ɗauka na sake tura dakaru 500 zuwa Somalia don taimakawa wajen yaƙi da ƙungiyar masu iƙirarin jihadi ta al-Shabab babbar alama ta nuna goyon bayanta ga sabon Shugaban Ƙasa Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.

Sake kai dakarun ya biyo bayan janye su da gwamnatin Amurka ƙarƙashin Shugaba Donald Trump ta yi a Disamban 2020 sakamakon rashin jituwa tsakninsa da tsohon Shugaba Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed "Farmajo", wanda 'yan majalisar ƙasar suka tsige.

Amurka na kallon Farmajo a matsayin wanda ya gaza a ɓangaren mulki da kuma yaƙi da masu iƙirarin jihadi na al-Shabab, da kuma wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Islamic State (IS) maras tasiri a Somalia.

Sanarwar da Rundunar Amurka a Afirka ta fitar ta siffanta matakin da "ɗan zaman sojojin Amurka", kuma hakan zai kwantar wa da 'yan Somalia hankali da suka shafe lokaci ƙarƙashin hare-haren 'yan bindigar - da kuma sojojin Amurka da ke maƙwabciya Djibouti da suka dinga shiga suna fita don cike giɓin da sojojin suka bari sakamakon matakin Mista Trump.

A cewar alƙaluman Cibiyar Nazarin Al'amuran Afirka ta The Africa Centre for Strategic Studies, hare-haren al-Shabab sun ƙaru daga 1,771 zuwa 2,072 a shekarar da ta biyo bayan ficewar sojojin Amurka daga Somalia - hauhawar kashi 17 ke nan cikin 100.

Adadin fafatawar da dakaru suka dinga yi da 'yan bindigar ya ƙaru da kashi 32 cikin 100 shi ma, hukumomin tsaro sun ce maharan al-Shabab kusan 450 ne suka kai hari kan ginin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka (African Union) a Somalia, inda aka kashe sojojin Burundi aƙalla 40.

Ƙwararru na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya sun bayyana al-Shabab a matsayin ƙawar al-Qaeda mafi girma da arziki. Sun ƙiyasta cewa tana da mayaƙa aƙalla 12,000 da kuma ƙarfin tattara kuɗin shiga da ya kai dala miliyan 10 duk wata.

"Sake komawar dakarun Amurka Somalia zai yi tasiri," a Samira Gaid, babbar shugaba a cibiyar Hiraal Institute da ke lura da lamurran tsaro a Mogadishu, babban birnin Somalia.

"Ba za ta ci yaƙi ba amma dai za ta ba wa sabuwar gwamnatin damar sake fasalta tsarin gudanar da tsaro."

Baya ga ba da horo da shawara da ba da kayan aiki, dakarun Amurka za su damar kai wa shugaannin al-Shabab kusan 12 hare-hare.

Ayyukan dakarun na baya sun kawo wa ayyukan ƙungiyar tsaiko, inda aka hana manyan jagororinta sakat da kuma hana mayaƙanta kai manyan hare-hare.

Wasu na yin baya-baya da komawar sojojin Somalia, suna masu cewa fararen hula na fuskantar hare-haren da Amurka ke kaiwa ta jirage marasa matuƙa.

"An kashe fararen hula a hare-haren Amurka ta sama," in ji Halima Ahmed, wata ɗalibar jami'a da aka kashe mahaifinta a harin al-Shabab na ƙunar-baƙin-wake a Satumban 2021.

"Sare kan maciji kaɗai zai sake haifar da wasu macizan ne," a cewarta tana mai nufin hare-haren da ake kaiwa shugabannin ƙungiyar.

'Ƙeta' ta kwamandojin da Amurka horar

A wasu lokutan, Amurka kan ba wa sojoji makamai amma daga baya su fara yaƙar junansu.

A Disamban 2021, wata rundunar yaƙi da ta'addanci da Amurka ta horar a yankin Puntland na Somalia mai cin gashin kansa ta dare gida biyu.

Ɓangarorin biyu sun fara yaƙar juna da makaman da Amurka ta ba su. An kashe fiye da mutum 20, ciki har da yara.

Wata matsalar ita ce ba gwamnatin Amurka ce kawai ke ba wa jami'an tsaron Somalia horo da kayan aiki ba.

Dakarun rundunar da Amurka ta ba wa horo, wadda ake kira Danab, su ne suka fi ƙeta. Sukan saka baƙin mayafi tare da ɗaukar hotuna riƙe da manyan bindigoginsu.

Dakarun da ake kira Gorgor ko kuma Eagles kan samu horo a wani sansanin Turkiyya da ke Mogadishu wanda shi ne sansanin sojanta mafi girma a wata ƙasar waje.

Kazalika akwai ƙasashen Daular Larabawa, da Birtaniya, da Tarayyar Turai, da Eritrea, da Kenya, da Djibouti.

Hakan ya haddasa rashin haɗin kai a tsakanin sojojin. Duk rundnar da ta samu horo daga wata ƙasa takan bi wata aƙidar siyasa daban.

'Gara' Amurka a kan China da Rasha

Ƙari a kan tura dakaru zuwa Somalia, Amurka na sake mayar da hankali kan yankin Somaliland mai cin gashin kansa da ya ɓalle daga Somalia shekara 31 da suka wuce amma ƙasashen duniya ba su amince da shi ba a matsayin ƙasa.

"A watan Maris, an gayyace mu don yin balaguro mai muhimmanci zuwa Amurka," a cewar Firaministan Somaliland Essa Kayd.

"Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali shi ne harkar tsaro da tattara bayanan sirri."

Wata biyu bayan haka Amurka ta tura babban kwamndanta a Afirka zuwa Somaliland mai suna Janar Stephen Townsend.

Yanzu haka ana raɗe-raɗin cewa Amurka za ta gina sansanin soja a garin Berbera da ke Somaliland.

"Abin da kawai za ce shi ne Amurka za ta ci gaba da kawo ziyara akai-akai.

Berbera zai samar da dama muhimmiya. Garin na da kusanci da wuraren da suka fi ko'ina rikici a duniya, ciki har da Yemen da Somalia da Habasha, wadda babbar ƙwar Amurka ce wajen 'Yaƙi da Ta'addanci' amma yanzu rikcin cikin gida ya ɗaiɗaita ta.

"'Yar ƙaramar ƙasarmu da ba a ɗauka da kima na yi wa duniya alfarma wajen zaunar da duniya lafiya," a cewar Mista Kayd. "Mu ne ƙashin bayan zaman lafiya da muke gadin rikitaccen yanki."