Amabi ya Darfur: Amakuba y’umunyamakuru yavyariye mu nzira ahunga akabandanya agenda

Inyuma y’aho abana biwe b’abahungu batatu biciwe, umunyamakuru yari afise imbanyi ikuze yahunze n’amaguru ava i Darfur muri Sudani – avyara umwana w’umuhungu ageze ku rubibe rujabukana muri Tchad.

Igihe mpura na we mw’ikambi ihaye indaro ibihumbi mirongo vy’impunzi mu micungararo y’igisagara co muri Tchad, Arafa Adoum yambwiye ati: "Namuvyariye kw’ibarabara. Nta bakirizi bari bahari kandi nta n’umwe yari ahari ngo amfashe. Buri muntu yari mu vyiwe. Buri muntu yariko arayanyaga.

"Umwana yarasohotse, nca ndamutekera. Nta kindi niyumvira. Nca ndabandanya gushika i Adré".

Uno mugore w’imyaka 38 avuga ko yagenze ibirometero 25 ku zuba rimena imbwa agahanga avuye mu gisagara ciwe c’amavukiro ca El Geneina ari kumwe n’abakobwa biwe bane, umugabo wiwe nawe, ku mvo z’umutekano wiwe, akaba yari yafashe inzira ndende kandi igoye kugira ngo ashike muri iyo kambi.

Yerekana umwana wiwe yise Mohamed, yitiriye uwatanguje idini rya Islam, Adoum yambwiye ati: "Igihe nashika ku rubibe, nari napfuye n’uburuhe gushika aho mvyariye uno mwana”.

Yahunze adashoboye guhamba abandi bana biwe b’abahungu – bari bafise imyaka itatu, indwi n’icenda – inyuma y’aho biciwe n’umurwi wa gisirikare Rapid Support Forces (RSF) n’inyeshamba z’Abarabu nk’uko abivuga, muri iyo ntambara iriko iriha inkumbi muri Sudani kuva mu kwa kane.

Darfur ni ko karere ka mbere gasinzikajwe n’ino ntambara, aho RSF n’izi nyeshamba bagirizwa gushinga imico y’icarabu babanje “gukubura” akarere kose mu kwirukana Abanyafrika b’abirabure – harimwo abo mu bwoko bwa Massalit ari na bwo bwa Adoum.

Ntibitangaje kubona intambara yo mu gisagara ca El Geneina – ikimenyetso c’inguvu z’Abanyafrika b’abirabure muri Darfur, kikongera kikaba umugwa mukuru y’ubwami bw’aba-Massalit – ari intambara mbi cane.

"Twaragerageje kwirwanako, ariko ingorane ni uko bakoresha ibirwanisho bikomeye cane”, bivugwa na Sheikh Mohammed Yagoub, umurongozi yumvirwa cane mw’idini rya Islam, akaba n’indongozi y’abo mu bwoko bw’aba-Massalit, na we nyene yahungiye muri Adré.

Yongerako ati: "Mu karere kacu, ku musi umwe gusa, twatakaje [abantu] 82 mu masaha atatu”.

Umuhari RSF urahakana ko ata ruhara wagize muri izi ntambara, ariko ikavuga ko Darfur yari yasubiye kwadukamwo indyane zo kuva kera hagati y’imirwi y’Abarabu n’aba-Massalit.

Avuga ku vyamubayeko, umupfasoni Adoum avuga ko abana biwe b’abahungu batatu biciwe kuri kaminuza ya El Geneina – ari ho bari bahungiye – inyuma y’aho iterewe amabombe igaturirwa na RSF hamwe n’aba-Janjaweed, izina ry’izi nyeshamba z’Abarabu.

Adoum ati: "Aba bana batewe ibisasu vya muzinga baca bapfiraho ubwo nyene”.

Abatari bake mu muryango wiwe nabo nyene barishwe nk’uko abivuga, harimwo sebukwe, abanje gucibwa amaguru, ugutwi kumwe hanyuma “baca bamurasa amasasu menshi kugira bamuhohoshe”.

Umupfasoni Adoum n’umugabo wiwe baciye bahunga bajana n’abana babo b’abakobwa bane, ariko wewe [umugabo wiwe] yaciye afata izindi nzira ndende kugira ngo ntace kumabariyeri acungerewe n’abarwanyi ba RSF kuko – nk’uko impunzi zitari nke zibivuga – bica aba-Massalit b’abagabo n’abahungu, rimwe na rimwe bakabanza kubasukako ibitoro bagaca babaturira.

Bagiye gusubira guhurira mw’ino kambi y’impunzi, aho umugabo wiwe yagiye kubonera uno mwana ubwa mbere – umwana bafata nk’umuhezagiro inyuma y’aho baburiye abana babo b’abahungu batatu.

Umugore wa wa mu-sheikh, Rakhiya Adum Abdelkarim, yambwiye ko na we nyene yari yibungenze, ariko ko umwana wiwe yapfuye haciye umusi umwe ashitse mw’ikambi y’impunzi ya Adré – inyuma y’urugendo rwamusonzesheje, ruramuruhisha bimwe bibi gushika aho atakaza n’utuguvu.

Ati: "Natanguye mva amaraso. Hanyuma ntangura kwumva menetse umutwe, kandi ico gihe cose naguma mva amaraso. Niho mu gaturuturu umwana yasohoka”.

Ishirahamwe ry’abagiraneza ryarubatse ivuriro muri iyo kambi ya Adré, ariko umupfasoni Abdelkarim vyaranse ko ashikayo kugira ngo bamuvure.

Iri vuriro ryuzuye abarwayi – benshi muri bo bakaba ari abagore, inzoya n’abana, bamwe muri bo bakaba bafise ibikomere vy’amasasu.

Umwe muri aba barwayi, Naima Ali, avuga ko we n’umwana wiwe w’umuhungu w’amezi icenda barashwe n’umurashi karuhariwe wa RSF yari yinyegeje ahantu mu gihe bariko barahunga bava mu kigwati cabo.

Yari ahetse uno mwana wiwe mu mugongo igihe urusasu rumufata ku kaguru, kandi “na jewe ruranshikira mu mbavu, hakaba habuze gato cane ngo rushikire amafyigo”.

"Twese twariko turava amaraso kandi nta n’umwe yariko aradutabara”, niko avuga, yerekana ko yabandanije ahunga n’amaguru gushika mw’ikambi.

Mu twigoro two kurondera kurangiza ino ntambara, ibihugu bine vyo muri Afrika y’Ubuseruko vyasavye ko harungikwa ingabo z’akarere zo gucungera amahoro muri Sudani, umukuru w’igihugu ca Kenya William Ruto akaba yerekana impungenge z’uko igihugu kiriko “kirasambuka”, kandi ko muri Darfur hari “ibimenyetso vy’ihonyabwoko”.

Ingabo z’ishirahamwe ONU n’iz’Ubumwe bwa Afrika zavuye muri Darfur mu 2021, imyaka 18 inyuma y’aho intambara yatikiriyemwo abantu baharurwa mu 300.000 yadukiye ubwa mbere muri ako karere.

Iyi ntambara yateje uburakari kw’isi yose, bituma mbere na Sentare Mpuzamakungu Mpanavyaha (CPI/ICC) yagiriza uwari umukuru w’igihugu ca Sudani ico gihe, Omar al-Bashir, ivyaha vy’ihonyabwoko, ivyaha vyo mu ntambara, n’ivyaha vy’agahomerabunwa kuri kiremwamuntu, ivyo yamiriye kure.

Igihe ingabo zijejwe gucungera amahoro zivanwa muri ico gihugu, ONU yavuze ko iyo ngingo yari iyo “guha ubushobozi reta ya Sudani bwo kubungabunga amahoro muri ako karere”.

Ariko kuva zivanyweyo, Sudani yabayemwo itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi, hanyuma yadukamwo intambara yo hagati mu gihugu mu kwa kane inyuma y’aho abajenerali bakomeye babiri – umukuru w’igisirikare Abdel Fattah al-Burhan hamwe n’umukuru w’abarwanyi ba RSF Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, azwi cane kw’izina rya Hemedti – bacanyemwo.

Iyi mishamirano hagati yabo yasubiye kuvyura intambara muri Darfur yatumye abarenga 160.000 bo mu bwoko bw’aba-Massalit bahungira muri Tchad.

Ntibizwi neza igitigiri c’abamaze kwicwa muri ako karere, aho igitigiri gito c’abamaze gupfira muri El Geneina kivugwa ko ari 5.000.

Nk’uko bivugwa n’ishirahamwe Sudan's Professional Pharmacists Association, igitigiri ni kinini. Rivuga ko igitigiri c’abamaze guhambwa mu binogo rusangi muri ico gisagara ari 11.000, mu gihe zimwe mu mpunzi zabwiye BBC ko zabonye ibiziga bitabwa mu ruzi.

RSF kandi yarasahuye urukombamazi igisagara ca Zalingei, gituwemwo n’abo mu bwoko bw’aba-Fur, yongera igota ibisagara bibiri vya mbere binini muri ako karere, Fasher na Nyala.

Abenshi mu banya-Darfur bafise ubwoba ko iyi ari intambwe yo ku musozo mu mugambi wo guhindura aka karere k’uruvangatirane rw’amoko kugira kabe ak’abarabu.

Bavuga ko El Geneina – co kimwe n’ibindi bisagara n’ibigwati bitari bike – abantu bayo hafi bose bomotse, inyubakwa n’ibikorwa remezo – harimwo amavuriro n’ibitaro hamwe n’ibibanza vy’amazi – vyasambutse.

"Ibiriko biraba ubu ni bibi cane gusumba ivyabaye mu 2003”, niko uno mu-sheikh avuga, yerekana ko abantu bakomakomeye b’aba-Massalit – harimwo abaganga n’abanyamategeko - bishwe.

Umupfasoni Adoum – umunyamakuru kw’iradiyo ubu yugaye, Radio El Geneina – yagize amahirwe yo kurokoka, igihe RSF itera icicaro cayo mu misi ya mbere y’intambara.

Avuga ati: "Barinjiye bamenagura ibikoresho vyose, banyaga ivyo bashoboye gutwara vyose”.

Ubu umupfasoni Adoum aba mu muganda wubatswe mu biti n’udushambara tw’impuzu, akaba atazi nimba azoshobora gusubira mu gihugu ciwe c’amavukiro.

Ateruye uruyoya rwiwe rumaze indwi zitatu, avuga ati: "Twaraje nk’impunzi. Hari benshi bapfiriye mu nzira. Ariko vyari ngombwa ko tubandanya urugendo”.

Iyindi mpunzi yoyo yaramaze kwikuramwo ivyo gusubira mu gihugu, aho ivuga iti: "Nsubire kwa nde? Maze indwi zitari nke hano, kandi umunuko w’ibiziga vyari vyandagaye ku mabarabara ya El Geneina n’ubu ndacawumva n’amazuru yanje”.