Muhammadu Buhari, yahoze ari perezida wa Nigeria yaraye ashengeye

Umubiri w'uwahozea ari perezida wa Nigeria Muhammadu Buhari, yaraye aryamiye ukuboko bw'abagabo ku myaka 82 aho yari kwivuza mu muji wa London mu Bwongereza, bawujanye kuzowushingura ku mavuko yiwe muri leta ya Katsina

Bulamatari wa leta ya Katsina Dikko Radda, ari London kumwe n'umuryango wa Buhari, yavuze ko Buhari ashobora gushingurwa kuri uyu wa mbere mu gisagara ca Daura, ku birometero 80 uvuye mu muji wa Katsina.

Icegera c'umukuru w'igihugu wa Nigeria Kashim Shettima, nawe nyene yari London kandi yaziga guherekeza ikiziga ca Buhari gusubira muri Nigeria.

Bulamatari Radda yabwiye iradiyo y'Abadagi DW Hausa ati:" Mvanye n'umuryango wiwe ku bitaro aho yaguye kandi ingingo yafashwe n'uko ikiziga ciwe kijanwa i Daura gushingurwayo, umugambi wari uwo kuva hano mu gitondo."

Icegera c'umukuru w'igihugu nawe nyene yemeje ko Daura ari co kibanza bumvikanye ko Buhari azoruhukiramwo, mu butumwa yacishije ku mbuga hwaniro akimara gushika London.

Yavuze ko Buhari yapfuye inyuma y'igihe kigufi arwaye ariko nta bindi vyinshi yasobanuye, ariko yari amaze imyaka myinshi amagara amukitse.

N'ubwo yigeze kuba umukuru w'igihugu, igikorwa co kumushingura kizokorwa mu buryo buciririkiye hatabanje kwitabwaho ivyubahiro uwigeze amabanga nk'ayo yabwirizwa guhabwa,.

Hakurikijwe ukwemera kw'idini rya islamu, Buhari abwirizwa guhambwa vuba vyihuta bishoboka, kandi ata birori birebire birinze gutunganywa, nk'uko umwigisha w'idini Abdullahi Gasrangamawa yabwiye BBC.

Yavuze ko ikintu co nyene gishobora gusivya urubanza rwo gushingura Buhari kuri uyu wa mbere, ari uko ikiziga ciwe coshika mw'ijoro kuko idini rya islamu ritemera ko bashingura mw'ijoro. Muri ico gihe yoheza agashingurwa mu gitondo co ku munsi wa kabiri.

Hirya no hino bakomeje kurungika ubutumwa bwerekeye uwo yahoze ari general mu gisirikare c'igihugu, yari umwe muri babiri gusa bayoboye Nigeria incuro zibiri (ubwa mbere bari abasirikare, mu nyuma ari abaperezida sivile) mu gihe y'inyuma yo kuronka intahe yo kwikukira.

Uwahoze ari perezida, Goodluck Jonathan, yatsinzwe na Buhari mu matora yo mu 2015, yamuvuze ko yari 'Mutimutikunda' mu kwitaho amabanga yiwe kandi yakoreye igihugu ahagaze neza mu mabanga yari ajejwe, ndetse afise n'umutima udasanzwe wo gukunda igihugu.

Uwazanye ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare atembagaje Buhari muri coup d'Etat yo mu 1985, General Ibrahim Babangida, nawe nyene yatatse uwo musaza yari ageze mu myaka irenga 80.

Yagize ati: yari umugabo, no mu gihe ciwe c'izabukuru, yagumye ari urumuri rw'abandi benshi, akarorero mu kwicisha bugufi mu buzima bw'amabanga y'igihugu."

Perezida Bola Ahmed Tinubu, nawe vyitezwe ko aja mu gisabisho co gushingura Buhari muri Daura, yashizeho ikigandaro c'indwi yose mu nzira yo guha icubahiro kimukwiye, uwo yasubiriye yaraye aryamiye ukuboko kw'abagabo.

Mu butumwa bwo kuremesha yaraye asohoye kuri uyu w'Imana ku murgoroba, perezida Tinubu yavuze ko igihugu kizoha ubwa nyuma agateka kamukwiye uyo munyacubahiro, mu gutangura kuduza ibendera gushika hagati mu gihugu cose, kuva ejo ku w'Imana nyene akimara gushengera.

Buhari yari nde?

Muhammadu Buhari yavutse mu kwezi kwa Kigarama 1942 i Daura muri leta ya Katsina mu buraruko bwa kure cane bwa Nigeria, hafi y'urubibe rw'igihugu. Ico gihe, Nigeria yari ikigenzurwa n'Abongereza, imyaka 18 imbere y'uko igihugu kironka intahe yo kwikukira.

Se wa Buhari, yapfuye Buhari afise imyaka ine, yari umu Fulani, nyina wiwe yamureze yari umu Kanuri. Mu kiganiro yagiranye n'abanyamakuru mu mwaka w'2012, Buhari yavuze ko ari umwana wa 23 mu muryango wa se, kuri nyina na we akaba uwa 13. Yavuze ko ico yibuka kuri se wiwe ari uko bompi n'umwe mu bavukanyi biwe bavukana baguye hasi bakorotse ku mugongo w'ifarashi.

Buhari akiri muto yize mw'ishure rya i Daura, hanyuma yiga mw'ishure ry'indaro mu gisagara ca Katsina. Amaze kuva mw'ishure, yakiriwe mw'ishure rikuru ry'igisirikare rya Nigeria, yinjira haciye igihe gitoyi igihugu cikukiye.

Buhari yagiye muri kaminuza y'abasirikare mu Bwongereza kuva mu 1962-1963, hanyuma atangura kuduga mu rwego rwo kwivuna abansi.

Buhari yavuze ko umutima wo gukomera kw'ibanga (discipline) yawukuye mu myaka yamaze mu mashure y'uburaro, aho igihano c'umubiri cari gisanzwe, no mu gisirikare. Yari afise "amahirwe" yo gushikirwa n'ibintu bikomeye nk'ivyo, ivyo bikaba vyamwigishije gukora cane, niko yavuze.

Mu mwaka w'1966, habaye igitero c'igisirikare co gutembagaza ubutegetsi, hanyuma haba igitero c'igisirikare co kuburizamwo itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi muri NIgeria - igihe c'imivurungano ku bakuru b'ingabo ariko Buhari yama avuga ko yari muto cane mu ntwazangabo ku buryo ata ruhara ruhambaye yari afise.

Haciye imyaka itanu, mu gihe c'ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare, Buhari yari yaraduze aba umukuru w'akarere ko mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko, akarere ico gihe karimwo ama leta atandatu.

Inyuma y'umwaka umwe gusa, Buhari, ico gihe yari afise imyaka nka 30, yongeye kuduzwa mu mabanga, aba umukuru w'ikigo kijejwe ibitoro n'ubundi butunzi kama (mu vy'ukuri yari umushikiranganji w'amasoko ntanganguvu) mu 1976 ku butegetsi bwa Olusegun Obasanjo mu gihe c'ikiringo ca mbere yari umukuru w'igihugu.

Guta umurongo no kurya ruswa

Mu mwaka w'1978, Buhari, ico gihe yari umukoloneli, yari yarasubiye kuba umukuru w'ingabo. Inyifato yiwe ikomeye mu 1983 - igihe amazinga amwe amwe yo muri Nigeria yari yigaruriwe mu kiyaga ca Tchad n'abasirikare b'Abanya Tchad -yari iracibukwa mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko, igihe yapfunga ako karere akanirukana abari bateye.

Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1983, habaye uwundi mugwi watembagaje ubutegetsi, utera umukuru w'igihugu Shehu Shagari yari yatowe, Buhari ico gihe akaba yari umukuru w'ingabo, aca aba umukuru w'ubwo butegetsi bw'igihugu. Nk'uko we ubwiwe abivuga, ntiyari umwe mu bateguye umugambi ariko yashizweho (maze mu nyuma arajugunywa) n'abari bafise ububasha nyakuri kandi bari bakeneye umukuru batereka ho w'igishushanyo.

Ayandi makuru avuga ko yagize uruhara runini mu gukuraho Shagari kuruta uko we yavyemera.

Buhari yatwaye amezi 20, igihe cibukwa kubera igikorwa co kurwanya ubusuma n'ibiturire, hamwe n'uguhohotera uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Abanyapolitike, abategetsi n'abacuruzi bagera kuri 500 barafunzwe mu ntumbero yo kurwanya ibiturire vyari vyabaye ndanse.

Bamwe bamwe babona ko ivyo ari agahahazo k'ubutegetsi bw'igisirikare. Abandi bavyibuka nk'akigoro gashimishije ko kurwanya ibiturire vy'agahomerabunwa vyari bibujije Nigeria gutera imbere.

Buhari yagumye afise izina ryiza ry'ubugororotsi mu banyapolitike bo muri Nigeria, abasirikare n'abasivile, ahanini kubera iyo nzira.

Mu rwego rw'"intambara yiwe yo kurwanya abatubahiriza amategeko", Buhari yategetse abanya Nigeria gutonda imirongo isukuye ku bibanza bisi zihagararako, imbere y'abasirikare bafise ibimoko kandi baba bameze magabo. Abakozi ba Leta bacerewe ku kazi baramaramazwa ku mugaragaro mu guhatirwa kugenda bacaragurika bwa bikere.

Bimwe mu vyo yakora vyari gushobora kubonwa ko ari ivy'agatangaza gusa. Ariko hari ibindi vyari ivyo gukandamiza vy'ukuri, nk'itegeko ryabuza ubwisanzure bw'itangazamakuru, ryatumye abanyamakuru bafungwa.

Guverinoma ya Buhari kandi yafunze umucuraranzi w'umuziki akomeye cane muri Nigeria, Fela Kuti - ihwa mu kirenge c'abarongozi bakurikiranye - ku birego vyari vyafukiriwe bijanye n'ugushora amafaranga hanze y'igihugu.

Ivyo Buhari yagerageje gusubiramwo mw'itunganywa gushasha ry'amafranga leta yakoresha, biciye mu kugabanya ibicuruzwa biva hanze, vyatumye abantu benshi batakaza akazi, n'ubudandaji burafunga.

Mu ntumbero yo kurwanya ibiturire, yategetse kandi ko ayo mafaranga asubirizwa - ibara ry'amafaranga y'ama Naira ryarahinduwe - bituma abafise amafaranga ya kera mu kinyegero bose bayajana kuyahindura mu mabanki mu kiringo gito.

Ibiciro vyaradutse mu gihe urugero rw'amikoro rwagabanutse, muri Myandagaro 1985 Buhari akurwa ku butegetsi, afpfungwa amezi 40. Umukuru w'ingabo Gen Ibrahim Babangida niwe yamusubiriye.

Intsinzi yanditse amateka

Amaze kurekurwa kandi, nk'uko yavuze, amaze kubona ingaruka z'ugusenyuka kw'Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti, Buhari yaciye afata ingingo yo kwinjira muri politike y'imigambwe myinshi, aho yahavuye yemera ivyiza vya demokarasi ishingiye ku imigambwe myinshi akozwe mu bwisanzure kandi atawe akumira.

N'ubwo vyari uko, BUhari yama ashigikira impamvu z'itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi ryo mu 1983, aho mu 2005 yavuze ati: "Igisirikare caje igihe vyari bikenewe cane kandi abantu bari barabatowe bari barananiwe igihugu."

Yaranse kandi ibirego vy'uko ingingo yafashe ku banyamakuru n'abandi zari zarengeje urugero, ashimika ku vy'uko yariko ashira mu ngiro gusa amategeko abandi bariko bararenga.

Yatowe kuba umukuru w'igihugu mu 2015, aba umukandida wa mbere avuye ku ruhande rutavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi yatsinze uwuri ku butegetsi kuva intwaro ishingiye ku migambwe myinshi isubiyeho muri Nigeria mu 1999.

Nk'umukuru w'igihugu, Buhari yaragize ingeso nziza y'"ukudahugangwa", agaragaza ubutunzi bwiwe buke cane, avuga ko "yacitswe n'amahirwe menshi kera" yo kuba umutunzi.

Yari umuntu avuga neza kubera kamere, ivyo bikaba rimwe na rimwe vyaramuhira neza mu binyamakuru, rimwe na rimwe bikamukinira nabi.

Naho bakeyi ari bo bakekeranya ko yiyemeje kurwanya ibiturire kandi hakaba hariho ibintu vyinshi bihambaye vyabigaragaza, bamwe bamwe barabaza nimba vy'ukuri igisenge ca ba kaboko cari kihasanzwe coba carasenyuwe.

Kandi kugerageza gutuma urwaruka ruronka akazi, mu vy'ukuri umuntu yovuga ko vayri bikiri nk'umushinge.

Umufuko w'umuceri

Umusi Buhari yava ku butegetsi, bamwe mu banya Nigeria babajijwe muri video yashizwe ahabona cane ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi, ico bokwibuka cane ku bijanye n'igihe yamaze ku butegetsi, kandi abasubije bose bavuze ikintu kimwe: 'umufuko w'umuceri'.

Impamvu z'iyo nyishu zari zoroshe - umuceri niwo mfungurwa nyamukuru mu gihugu.

Umufuko w'ibiro 50, ushobora gufasha kugaburira urugo rw'abantu bari hagati y'umunani n'icumi mu kiringo c'ukwezi kumwe, wari ufise agaciro k'ama naira 7.500 gusa ($5; £3) ku ngoma ya Perezida Goodluck Jonathan, yatsinzwe na Buhari mu 2015, ariko caradutse kigera ku ma naira 60.000 inyuma y'imyaka mikeyi.

Ivyo vyatumye haba inzara mu mihingo myinshi y'igihugu.

Iryo tutumba ry' igiciro c'umuceri ryari rivuye ku kuba, mu gusubiramwo politike yiwe ya kera ari umutware w'igisirikare, Buhari yabujije kwinjiza umuceri mu gihugu kugira ngo atere intege abarimyi benshi bo muri Nigeria kurima ico gifungurwa.

Ariko abarimyi ntibashoboye guhaza isoko yo mu gihugu kandi benshi mu bamushigikiye baratakaje icizere bari bafise muri we.

Ismail Danyaro, aba mu gisagara ca Kano kiri mu buraruko, yavuze ko yashigikiye Buhari kuva yatangura kwitoza mu mwanya w'umukuru w'igihugu mu 2003.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Nahora ngura umuceri w'ibiro 50 mu gihe ca Goodluck [Jonathan] ariko Buhari amaze kuza, vyarangoye kugura mbere n'umufuko w'umuceri w'ibiro 25 kuko vyaciye bizimba cane".

Hari igihe mbere n'umugore wa Buhari yamuteye ubwoba ko atazomushigikira mu matora yari gukurikira.

Baba go slow

Abanya NIgeria barakunda amazina y'amatazirano, kandi ku barongozi bamwe bamwe bo mu gihugu yarabafashe mbere n'igihe kirekire inyuma yo kuva ku butegetsi.

Nk'akarorero, uwahoze ari umukuru w'igisirikare Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida aracitwa "Maradona" kubera ivyo abantu babona ko ari ubuhinga bwiwe bwo gucenga imbere y'ibibazo n'ibihe bikomeye.

Nayo Buhari, bamutaziriye "Baba go slow [Data agenda buhoro]" inyuma yo kumara amzezi atanadtu yose atarashinga leta igihe yaja ku butegetsi yatsinze amatora yo mu 2015.

Mu kwishura ku izina ryiwe ry'agatazirano haciye imyaka, Buhari yavuze ko atari we vyaturutseko ko vyatwaye igihe kirekire kugira ngo NIgeria igire ikintu ico ari co cose ikorwe.

Yavuze muri 2018 ati: "Ego, turateba kuko systeme irateba. Si Baba ariwe atevye ariko ni systeme rero ndiko ndagendana n'iyi systeme kandi nizigiye ko tuzogira ico dushitseko".

Politike ya Nigeria muri 2022-2023 iguma ari imwe mu nzira zishimishije cane muri kahise ka demokarasi k'ico gihugu.

Mu vyiyumviro vya benshi, bwari bwo bwa mbere umukuru w'igihugu yicaye ku ntebe atariko yikanga vy'ukuri ku bijanye n'uwugiye kuzomusubirira.

Buhari yatangaje ko azoshigikira uwo wese azotsinda mu matora y'umugambwe wiwe (All Progressives Congress) ariko abakuru mu mugambwe wiwe bavuga ko inyuma y'ivyo yagumye afise udutima tubiri.

Inyifato ya Buhari babona ku maso, yarateye intege abakandida bose batanu barondera guhagararira umugambwe APC kandi abashigikiye bose baragendagenda bavuga ko abateye inkingi.

Hari igihe vyaboneka nk'aho Buhari yashaka kurwanya umukandida yamukurikiye, Bola Tinubu.

Ivyakurikiyeho ni ugutangaza "politike yo guhindura ama naira" ubutegetsi bwa Buhari bwatangaje ko, vyari munzira yo kugabanya ubushobozi bw'amahera mu matora yo mu 2023.

Abanya Nigeria benshi bemera ko iyo politike yari igamije kubuza Tinubu kuba umukuru w'igihugu naho yari yatowe ngo abe umukandida wa APC.

Iryo tegeko ryari ririmwo gufata amamiliyaridi y'amafaranga ya kera y'ama naira, agasubirizwa n'amafaranga mashasha y'amanoti manini cane.

Ariko rero, nta noti nshasha zari zihagije, ivyo bikaba vyatuma abantu batakaza ama miliyoni, cane cane abafise ubutunzi bubayabaye, baziga amahera mu bikorwa vyabo vya misi yose.

Iryo tegeko ryahagaritswe gusa inyuma y'urubanza rwa sentare nkuru, hasigaye imisi mikeyi ngo amatora abe.

Tinubu yatsinze ariko ku majwi make cane, yari afise amajwi 37%, kuko abarwanya ubutegetsi bari bacitsemwo ibice.

Igihe cose umuntu asuzuma uburongozi bwa Buhari, ategerezwa kuzirikana ko amagara yiwe yariko aragabanuka, ivyo bikaba vyatuma afata umwanya munini wo gusiba imirimo, cane cane mu kiringo ciwe ca mbere.

Uwo yahora ari umutegetsi wa gisirikare ashobora kuba yarahindutse nk'umudemokrate akunda gukorera ku mugaragaro, ariko iyobigeze ku magara yiwe, nta ukwo kwiyemeza gukorera mu mucyo, aho abanya Nigeria bari basigaye batakimenya nimba umukuru w'igihugu cabo akibasha gutora imirimo yiwe.

Muhammadu Buhari yarongoye incuro zibiri, ubwa mbere yubatse na Safinatu Yusuf kuva mu 1971-1988, hanyuma mu 1989 yubatse na Aisha Halilu, uno akaba ari we asizi nk'umupfakazi. Yari afise abana 10.