Red No. 3 Dye: Sobanukirwa iri rangi ritemewe henshi mu bifungurwa

Kubera iki Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zabujije gukoresha irangi mu bifungurwa, kuva kuri cupcake gushika ku mabarafu bashiramwo amarangi n'ibimotesha neza nk'inkere?

Red No.3 ni irangi ry'iricurano rishigwa mu bifungurwa.

Nk'ayandi marangi yose, Red No.3 rikorwa mu bikomoka kuri peterori. Turisanga mu bihumbi vy'ibifungurwa, aho muri Amerika haharugwa ibifungurwa bigera ku 3000 birimwo irangi, hamwe hamwe usanga ari rikeya.

Ibigo bidandaza ibifungurwa usanga bikunze gushira irangi mu bifungurwa biherekeza ifunguro rikuru (ivyo bita desserts), ibisosa bakunze kurigata eka ndetse n'imiti y'inkorora, bagamije ko biboneka neza bigatuma abavyihereza babihurumbira, cane cane abana.

Irangi rishobora gutuma kandi ibifungurwa bidatakaza ibara biturutse ku ko ikirere kimeze, nk'igihe hari ubushuhe bwinshi.

Amarangi rero ashobora gukorwa aturutse mu bikomoka kuri peterori canke mu bifungurwa nyene, amwe muri yo akaba amaze imyaka amajana akoreshwa.

Iryitwa Erythrosine, FD&C Red No. 3 canke Red 3 dye, ryatanguye gukoreshwa mu mfungurwa kuva mu 1969.

Ingingo yafashwe mu kwezi kwa mbere yo kubuza iryo rangi, irikuye ku rutonde rw'ivyemewe kwongerwa mu bifungurwa, canke ivyunganira ibifungurwa nk'ingaburo zikoze mu binini (vitamines) eka n'imiti ifatwa iciye mu kanwa nk'uwo kunywa uvura inkorora (cough syrup).

Red No. 3 imaze imyaka 30 yarabujijwe kwongerwa mu vyifashishwa vy'ubwiza – nk'amavuta basiga ku minwa (lipstick) canke amavuta yo ku mubiri.

Ibi vyaje bikurikira icirwa cakozwe ku mbeba z'ingabo, inyuma yo guhabwa iryo rangi rya Red 3 muri laboratware (laboratoire), zazanye ibivyimba mu mihogo ahari agasaho ko munsi y'akamirampeke (glande thyroide), gakora imisemburo ija gufasha mu bindi bice vy'umubiri, iciye mu maraso.

Ariko uburongozi bujejwe kugenzura ibifungurwa n'imiti muri Amerika - US Food & Drug Administration (FDA), bwemeza ko izo mbeba zagize uburwayi bwa kanseri (cancer) biciye mu misemburo mu bisanzwe itabaho ku muntu.

Kandi mu bantu canke ibindi bikoko, nta ngaruka nk'iyo yigaragaje, ariko ntivyabujije ko iryo rangi rikurwa ku rutonde rw'ibikwiye gukoreshwa mu bifungurwa.

Ni hehe No.3 ibujijwe?

Muri Nouvelle Zelande, Australia, Ubuyapani n'Ubwongereza hamwe n'ibindi bihugu vyinshi vyo mw'ishirahamwe ry'Ubumwe bwa Bulaya, harashize imyaka barabujije canke baragabanije cane ikoreshwa ry'irangi Red No.3 mu bifungurwa vyinshi.

Mu 2023, California yafashe igihagararo cayo, iba leta ya mbere muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ibujije ikoreshwa ry'iryo rangi, n'ubwo ico cemezo kizotangura kuja mu ngiro kuva mu 2027.

Buri gihugu gifise ikigo kigenzura (ubuziranenge bw') ibifungurwa. Ibi bisigura ko irangi ribujijwe mu gihugu kimwe, rishobora kwemerwa gukoreshwa mu bifungurwa mu kiindi gihugu, kubera umwitwarariko ibihugu bifise ku bifungurwa atari umwe, canke ndetse bivuye kuko ata makuru ahagije ashingiye ku bimenyetso bifadika.

Bimwe mu binegurwa ku vyirwa vyakozwe n'uko bakoreshejemwo urugero ruto cane rw'irangi mu magerageza yakozwe.

Is Red No.3 hari ico yankiriza?

Abahinga mu buvuzi bashikirije umwitwarariko bafise kubera amarangi ashirwa mu bifungurwa yateye ibibazo vy'amagara ku bantu, harimwo kuziranirwa (allegies) canke gukubagana cane (hyperactivity) ku bana bakiri bato.

Amarangi ashobora no guteza ivyago vyo kwandura kanseri (carcinogenic) n'ubwo hari abavuga bafatiye kuri ico cirwa cakozwe ku mbeba, ko bitoshoboka ko umuntu yorya canke yonywa ibirimwo urugero rw'irangi rushobora kumugirira nabi ku buryo yogera ku kugwara kanseri.

Hakomeza kuboneka ibimenyetso bigaragaza isano hagati y'amarangi akoreshwa mu bifungurwa n'inyifato y'abana.

Ivyirwa vyerekanye ko amarangi amwe amwe, harimwo n'iryo rya Red No.3, ashobora gutuma abana n'abayabaga bataguma hamwe (Hyperactivity), badashobora kwigumya mu marangamutima canke bayahindagura, ndetse bibananira kugumiza ivyiyumviro uruhande rumwe.

Mu 2007, icigwa cakozwe n'abashakashatsi bo kuri kaminuza ya Southampton mu Bwongereza, cerekanye ko ukwiyongera kw'urugero rw' ubukubaganyi (kutaguma hamwe) mu bakiri bato bituruka ku ko bihereza uruvange rw'ibifungurwa birimwo amarangi anyuranye y'amacurano, canke ubundi bumara (chemicals/produits chimiques) bifasha mu kurondera ko ibifungurwa biramba nka Sodium Benzoate.

Ibibazo bisa n'ivyo vyaravuzwe ku yandi marangi agera kuri 6 akoreshwa mu bifungurwa. Yellow No.5, irangi rizwi kandi kw'izina rya taratrazine, rifatwa nk'inkomoko y'amahinduka mu marangamutima y'abana nko gushavura ningonga, kutaruhuka no kugira akabonge.

Ivyirwa vyakozwe ku bikoko navyo vyerekana ko gufungura cane ivyashizwemwo amarangi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko n' ubushobozi bwo gufata ivyirwa.

Amarangi siyo ateye impungenge yonyene, -ibindi vyongerwa mu bifungurwa, nk'ibifasha ibifungurwa kuramba, ivyongera uburyohe, birakoreshwa kenshi iruhande y'amarangi, kandi bishobora gutera ikibazo c'amagara mu gihe bifunguwe ku rugero runini canke bikaribwa n'abantu bafise umubiri uhuha.

Amarangi y'amakorano ashirwa mu bifungurwa, ibishirwa mu nfungurwa zibikwa igihe kirekire, n'ibindi bifasha kwongera uburyohe, bikunze kuboneka mu bifungurwa bitunganije mu ruganda kandi bizimbutse.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ingene imiryango ifise amikoro make ariyo usanga igeramiwe gusumba, kuko ariyo igura ben'izo mfungurwa.

Bimwe muri ivyo bifungurwa birimwo ibirwiriyemwo isukari, ibinyobwa vy'amabara atamuye atandukanye, usanga ashirwamwo n'ibigirankana mu gukwegakwega abana-ukabisanga henshi kandi ku giciro kizimbutse.

Wokora iki nimba Red No.3 itabujijwe mu gihugu iwanyu?

None umenya gute ko Red No.3 yoba iri mu mfungurwa zawe? Ubonye iryo bara ritukura ryakaka bidasanzwe, ni ikimenyetso ca mbere, rishobora no gusigara ku menyo yawe.

Soma ivyanditse ku gitekeye ibifungurwa vyawe (label): bigabanya ingaruka bishobora kukugirako mu gusoma ivyongewe mu bifungurwa canke ikinyobwa uguze, biba vyanditseko inyuma.

Impanuro ya mbere abahinga mu magara y'abantu (ubuzima) batanga ni ugufungura ibikomoka ku biterwa- ivyamwa, imboga n'ibindi bimera nk' intete n'impeke.

Kwikinjikira ivyo ufungura muhira iwawe, navyo bishobora kugufasha, kuko bikurinda kuja kugura ibifungurwa vyakozwe canke vyatetswe hongewemwo ibindi bintu bitandukanye bishobora kuba ubwavyo vyarongewemwo ayo marangi canke ibifasha kubibika umwanya mure mure.

Abahinga bahanura bashimitse kugabanya ico cose kiza nk'infungurwa mvaruganda ku bana, kumbure ukabibaha iyo ari umunsi udasanzwe nko kw'isabukuru y'amavuko yabo.

Iciza n'uko ayo marangi akoreshwa mu bifungurwa afise ibishobora kuyasubirira kandi biturutse ku bindi biterwa nk'ivyamwa n'imboga.

Amabara asa n'urwatsi rutoto ashobora kuva mu ntimatima y'amababi y' ibiterwa, mu gice kirema utundi turemangingo twaco (stems) bita chlorophyll gikomokamwo izindi ngingo z'igiterwa nk'amababi.

Ibirungo (spices) nk'ivyo bita paprika canke turmeric, birakoreshwa mu guhindura amabara y'ibifungurwa aho gukoresha amarangi adaturutse ku biterwa, mbere ivyo birungo birakoreshwa no mu bifungurwa mvaruganda nka cheeseburgers.

Abenshi mu bafise inganda z'ibifungurwa muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bavuga ko bamaze gutunganya ibikoreshwa mu nfungurwa zabo kugirango bashobore gusubiriza iryo rangi rya Red 3.

Mu gishingo c'iryo rangi bazokoresha umutobe (juice/jus) bakanye mu biterwa bifise irangi ry'ikiremve (purple) nka betteraves, ibijumbu, radis n'amashu bitukura, canke udukoko dufise amaguru atandatu two mu bwoko bwa insectes bita carmine.

Hejuru y'ivyo, Abahingura ibifungurwa muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika baciye basubiriza Red 3 n'irangi rya Red 40 ubwo nyene- iryo rangi ntiribujijwe burundu hose mu bihugu vy'Ubumwe bwa Bulaya, ariko ikoreshwa ryaryo riragenzurwa cane.

Imigwi ikora ubuvugizi yifuza ko ama leta n'abajejwe kugenzura (ubuziranenge) atera iyindi ntambwe kandi yihuta, mu gushiraho ibimenyetso bigabisha ku ngaruka z'ibifungurwa birimwo amarangi y'amakorano, cane cane ibiba bigenewe abana.