Coup d'Etat ya Niger : 'Ubufaransa budufata nk’ibijuju'

Niger, igihugu ca Afrika y’Uburengero, kiri mu bihugu bibangamiwe cane n’inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam. Inyuma y’itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi mu kw’indwi, hari ubwoba ko ingingo yo kwirukana abasirikare b’Ubufaransa 1500 bari basanzwe bari mu gihugu bishobora guha impigi izi nyeshamba.

Mayeni Jones wa BBC yaronse akaryo kadasanzwe ko kuvugana n’abategetsi b’iki gihugu, abanywanyi babo n’abatavuga rumwe nabo.

Adama Zourkaleïni Maïga avugana ubwitonzi, ariko umuravye mu maso araboneka ko yiteguriye ikintu ico ari co cose.

Ni nyina w’abana babiri akaba aba muri karitiye itekanye kandi yifise yo ku mugwa mukuru Niamey, ariko akaba yamuka ahitwa Tillabéry, kamwe mu turere tubangamiwe cane n’inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam.

"Muvyara wa mama yari umukuru w’ikigwati citwa Téra", niko yambwiye igihe twariko turafungura. "Haraciye neza na neza amezi indwi agandaguwe. Abo bicanyi bama bariko bamurondera, rero bamaze kumenya ko yari yakodesheje imodoka kugira ngo ahunge, baciye bamufata baramwica. Bamuciye izosi. Wabaye umubabaro udasanzwe ku muryango wose", niko Maïga avuga.

Yagiriza Ubufaransa ko bwananiwe no guhagarika imigumuko mu gihe bwarungitse abasirikare 1500 mu karere kurwanya inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam.

Ati : "Ntibashobora kutubwira ko Ubufaransa bwashoboye kurangura igikorwa cabwo. Sinumva ingene abasirikare bashobora kutubwira ngo bari ng’aho kugira bafashe abanyagihugu kurwanya iterabwoba, kandi uko umwaka utashe ibintu vyama biba nabi".

Niger yafatwa ko ari yo ncuti ya nyuma y’ibihugu vy’Uburengero mu karere ka Sahel, akarere gasa nak’ubugaragwa kabaye ikiririmbiro ry’inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam. Ubufaransa na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kimwe kimwe cose gifise ingabo muri Niger, igihugu gisanzwe kandi gitunze ikirindiro ca mbere kinini ca za ndege zitagira abadereva (drone) za Amerika.

Ariko igihe Ubufaransa bwankiye kwemera intwaro nshasha ya gisirikare, ishavu abanyagihugu bari basanzwe babufitiye kubera kwivanga mu bibazo vyega igihugu ca Niger ryaciye riduga.

Abanya-Niger benshi babona ko Ubufaransa kuva kera bwamye bufata uko bushaka incabwenge z’igihugu n’ubutunzi kama bw’igihugu. Bafata ko coup d’Etat ari inzira yo kwigobotora aka kahise kabi, kwisubiza ubwigenge bw’igihugu no kwiyambura agacinyizo k’Ubufaransa.

"Igisirikare nta mwanya munini cagiye kimara ku butegetsi muri Niger", bivugwa na Adama Zourkaleïni Maïga, afatiye ku ma coup d’Etat atanu amaze kuba muri iki gihugu kuva kironse intahe yo kwikukira mu 1960.

Uno mukenyezi yongerako ati : "Impera n’imperuka bazokwisubirira mu makambi yabo hanyuma basubize ubutegetsi reta nziza ya gisivire, izoshikana Niger kw’ihangiro ryayo".

Uburakari bw’abanyagihugu bwakurikiye ingingo y’Ubufaransa yo kwanka kwemera reta nshasha ya Niger bwariyongereye igihe abategetsi ba gisirikare basabiye ingabo zabwo n’umuserukizi wabwo gukura meza.

Ubufaransa budufata nk’ibijuju

Perezida Emmanuel Macron w’Ubufaransa yabanje kunana, ariko aherutse kwisubiyeko, mu gutangaza ko yemeye ibisabwa n’aba bategetsi ba gisirikare kubera intwaro ya Niger "itakirajwe ishinga n’urugamba rwo kurwanya iterabwoba ".

Imbere y’ikigo ca gisirikare ca Niamey c’ingabo z’Ubufaransa, amajana n’amajana bamaze amayinga bahacumbitse kugira bazibire ivya nkenerwa kwinjira muri ico kibanza.

Ku misi ya gatanu, abari muri iyi myiyerekano bama bategura igisabisho imbere yaho. Mu bushuhe burenze urugero, indongozi ya Islam Abdoulaziz Abdoulaye Amadou ahanura abari ng’aho kwihangana.

Ababwira ati : "Kurya bifata igihe kirekire iyo umugabo n’umugore bashaka kwahukana, ukwahukana hagati ya Niger n’Ubufaransa nakwo nyene kuzofata igihe".

Ahejeje gushikiriza ijambo ryiwe, namubajije igituma abanyagihugu ba Niger bashaka kwiyambura Abafaransa, inyuma y’imyaka itari mike ari akadasohoka.

Yishura ati : "Muri Sahel yose, Niger ni yo ncuti nyayo y’Ubufaransa. Ariko ni Ubufaransa bwanka kwemera ivyo dushaka muri iki gihe na ni naco gituma hari icuka kibi.

"Ubufaransa bwari kugenda amarembe inyuma y’aho intwaro itembagarijwe hanyuma bukaza kuvugana n’abafashe ubutegetsi. Kubera iki ubu Emmanuel Macron avuga ko atemera abategetsi bacu, mu gihe yemeye ama-coups d’Etat mu bindi bihugu nko muri Gabon no muri Tchad? Iki ni co cadushavuje, tukabona ko Ubufaransa budufata nk’ibijuju".

Igihe bari mu masengesho, imodoka nini ihagatiwe n’abajejwe umutekano yaje n’umuvuduko.

Buramatari mushasha wa Niamey, Jenerali Abdou Assoumane Harouna – azwi cane ku ritazirano rya Plaquette - yarasohotse. Ni umugabo w’igihagararo apima imetero 1.90, yambaye impuzu za gisirikare n’inkofero y’icatsi kibisi.

Mu gihe twari mu musunikano turondera kumuvugisha, yatumye urutoke ku wo twariko turakorana aca abwira abanyagihugu ati: "Ehe ni murabe, abantu bavuga ngo ntidukunda Abazungu, ariko tubakiriza yompi".

Ambwira ko abanya-Niger bakeneye igihugu giteye imbere, cishimye kandi cigenga, kandi ko abanyamahanga bategerezwa kwubaha ugushaka kwabo.

Ndamubajije nimba abategetsi ba gisirikare bashobora gukingira igihugu ibitero vy’inyeshamba, yanyishuye ko ingabo za Niger zamye zikingira abanyagihugu kandi ko zishobora kubikora zidafatanije n’abanyamahanga.

Ariko abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bafise ubwoba ko mu gihe ingabo z’Ubufaransa zogenda ibintu bishobora kuba nabi cane kuri Niger no ku karere kose.

"Mu rugamba rwo kurwanya iterabwoba, Ubufaransa ni umufasha akomeye adufata mu mugongo mw’igendereza ridufasha kurwanya inyeshamba", niko Zoom Idrissa Waziri, yahoze ari umuvugizi w’uwari umukuru w’igihugu aherutse kubogozwa, Mohamed Bazoum, ubu akaba ari i Paris, ambwira.

Yongerako ati : "Igenda ry’Abafaransa gihutihuti ryatumye umutekano utosekara cane muri Mali na Burkina Faso. Ubufaransa ubu bwabaye icitwazo mu guhamagarira abanyagihugu mu mabarabara, babagiriza ingorane zacu zose".

Abona ko Ubufaransa atari yo ngorane. Ati : "Ingorane ihari ubu, ni uko iri tembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi ari intambwe nini Niger iteye isubira inyuma".

Ku bwa Fahiraman Rodrigue Koné, arongoye umugambi uzwi nka Sahel mu kigo Institute for Security Studies gifise icicaro muri Afrika y’Epfo, haracari kare kugira ngo tuvuge ko igenda ry’Ubufaransa rizotuma umutekano muke wiyongera muri Niger no mu karere ka Sahel muri rusangi.

Mu gihugu kibanyi ca Mali, ingabo mvamakungu n’iza ONU zimaze kuva mu gihugu, ibitero vy’inyeshamba ziyitirira Idini rya Islam hamwe n’izindi vyaciye vyiyongera. Ariko Koné abona ko ibintu bitandukanye hagati y’ibi bihugu.

"Igisirikare c’Ubufaransa caragize uruhara rukomeye mu gufasha ingabo z’igihugu muri Niger, gusumba uko vyari bimeze muri Mali[…] Igisirikare ca Niger cari gisanzwe gifise uburambe mu kurwanya inyeshamba zikora iterabwoba, cane cane ku rwasiro rwo mu bumanuko mu kurwanya Boko Haram".

Fahiraman Rodrigue Koné yongerako y’uko ingabo za Niger zikorera cane hagati mu gihugu, ibi bikaba atariko vyari bimeze muri Mali. Muri Mali, inyeshamba z’imirwi y’iterabwoba zarashoboye kwigarurira uturere tutari duto mu buraruko bw’igihugu wasanga reta n’igisirikare bitahari.

Igihe ishirahamwe ry’ubutunzi rihurikiyemwo ibihugu vya Afrika y’Uburengero CEDEAO/ECOWAS rigabishirije ko rizotera muri Niger mu gihe umukuru w’igihugu yabogojwe, Mohamed Bazoum, atosubizwa ubutegetsi, Mali, Burkina Faso na Niger vyaciye bigiranira amasezerano yo gufashanya, ku wa 16 Nyakanga (9).

Muri ano masezerano yo gutabarana muri Sahel, vyiyemeje gufashanya mu kurwanya inyeshamba n’ibitero vyova hanze. Koné yibaza ko ibi bishobora guhindura ibintu.

Asigura ati : "Bivanye n’uko ata gufashanya kwari kuhari hagati y’ibi bihugu bitatu, imirwi y’iterabwoba yarava mu gihugu ija mu kindi mu buryo bworoshe.

"Hariho ibikorwa bibiri cane bitatu vya gisirikare bibandanya hagati y’ibi bihugu bitatu. Uku gufashanya kuriko kurabangamira cane inyeshamba".

Abona kandi ko ano masezerano ashobora gufasha mu gutuma Niger isangiza ubuhinga ibi bindi bihugu bibiri.

Mu mwaka uheze, igitigiri c’abishwe biturutse ku bitero vy’iterabwoba caragabanutse ku rugero rwa 79 % muri Niger, nk’uko biboneka mu biharuro vyerekana iterabwoba kw’isi, mu gihe Mali na Burkina Faso, ibihugu bibiri bibanyi, vyabaye ututere ibitero vy’iterabwoba vyahitanye abantu benshi. Ibice 90 % vy’ibitero bifitaniye isano n’ibitero vy’inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam muri Sahel mu 2022 vyabaye muri ibi bihugu bibiri.

Koné agira ati : "Igituma intwaro ya Bazoum yashoboye kugabanya igitigiri c’abicwa muri Niger ni uko yafashe inzira nyabutatu, mu gukoresha igisirikare, abanyagihugu hamwe no gutorera inyishu ibibazo vy’imibereho n’ubutunzi".

N’aho yateye iyi ntambwe, ibi ntivyishimiwe na bose, bamwe mu basirikare bakaba babona ko reta yakwega ibirenge mu kurwanya imirwi y’iterabwoba kandi ko yasasira indava ukudahana. Ntibizwi neza niba abategetsi ba gisirikare bazobandanya n’ino nzira.

Biragoye kandi kumenya imfashanyo Mohamed Bazoum aronka i Niamey.

Ubucuti bwa hafi afitaniye na reta y’Ubufaransa bushavuje benshi, ariko ntivyatworoheye kwumvisha umuntu n’umwe mu banywanyi biwe, canke umuntu uw’ari we wese adashigikiye iyirukanwa ry’Abafaransa muri Niger, ko hogira ico batubwiye ku mugaragaro. Abenshi baratinya kugira ico bavuze ku mugaragaro.

Bivanye n’uko ubutegetsi bwakurikiranye ingendo zose z’abanyamakuru ba BBC mu gihugu kandi bugategerezwa kumenya ivyavuzwe n’abo twavuganye bose, ntivyatworohereje.

Igenda ry’Ubufaransa ntirisigura ko imigenderanire ya Niger n’ibihugu vy’Uburengero ihagaze. Haracariho ingabo mvamakungu muri Niger, harimwo n’iza Amerika.

Ku wa mbere, umushikiranganji wo kwivuna abansi wa Amerika, Lloyd Austin, yabwiye abamenyeshamakuru muri Kenya ko igihugu ciwe ata mpinduka zikomeye kiragira ku ngabo zaco ziri muri Niger.

Hagati aho, yavuze ko Amerika ibandanya yihweza ngene ibintu bitera bigenda ku rubuga kandi ko ingingo zose zo muri kazoza zizoshira imbere intego yabo mu bijanye n’intwaro rusangi n’umutekano.

Ikiriho ni uko, mu gihe akarere ka Sahel kari imbere mu rugamba rwo kurwanya iterabwoba, ingingo zizofatwa n’intwaro za gisirikare ziri ku butegetsi zifise ikibanza kidasanzwe mu kwerekana amaherezo y’ino ntambara n’inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam mu karere kose.