‘Sinshobora kwibagira uyu mukobwa'- abasirikare ba Myanmar bemera amahano bakoze

Na Charlotte Attwood, Ko Ko Aung hamwe na Rebecca Henschke BBC World Service

Abasirikare ba Myanmar (canke Birmanie) baremera ko bakoreye abasivire amahano atagira izina harimwo ubwicanyi, iyicarubozo n’ugusambanya ku nguvu, nk’uko babibwiye BBC mu kiganiro bagiriraniye nayo. Ku ncuro ya mbere, basiguye ingene bahonyanze agateka ka zina muntu mu gihugu cose bavuga ko ari amategeko bari bahawe.

Uragaba: iyi nkuru irimwo amajambo ashobora gutera ubwoba ajanye n’iyicarubozo no gusambanya ku nguvu

"Bantegetse kukora iyicarubozo, kunyaga no kwica inzirakarengane”.

Maung Oo avuga ko yibaza y’uko yinjijwe mu gisirikare kugira ngo akingire umutekano w’igihugu.

Ariko yisanzwe muri batayo (bataillon) yishe abasivire bari binyegeje mu kigo c’abihebeye Imana mu kwa gatanu 2022.

Avuga ati: "Twategetswe kwegeranya abagabo bose no kubarasa tukabica. Icababaje cane gusumba ibindi ni uko twategerezwa kwica abatama n’abagore”.

Intahe itangwa n’abasirikare batandatu, harimwo umukaporari, hamwe na bamwe mu babikorewe irerekana amakuru adasanzwe y’ingene igisirikare cakoze amahano um ntumbero yo kugumana ubutegetsi.

Amazina yose ya Myanmar ari muri ino nkuru yarahinduwe mu ntumbero yo gukingira umutekano wabo.

Aba basirikare baherutse gutoroka bakingiwe n’umurwi w’abirwanako uzwi nka People's Defence Force (PDF), umurwi w’abasivire bitwara gisirikare uriko urwana mu ntumbero yo kugarukana demokarasi.

Igisirikare cafashe ubutegetsi gitembagaje reta yari yatowe irongowe na Aung San Suu Kyi mu mwaka uheze. Ubu kiriko kigerageza guhasha umugumuko w’abasivire bitwaje ibirwanisho.

Ku wa 20 z’ukwa cumi na kabiri umwaka uheze, kajugujugu zitatu zarakikuje ikigwati ca Yae Myet kiri hagati muri Myanmar, gikoragura abasirikare bari bahawe itegeko ryo guca bugurura umuriro.

Abantu n’imiburiburi batanu batandukanye, bavuga ku giti cabo ata n’umwe yavuganye n’uwundi, babwiye BBC ivyabaye.

Bavuga ko abasirikare binjiye biciyemwo imirwi itatu itandukanye, barasa abagabo, abagore n’abana ata gucagura.

Ari ahantu hinyegeje mw’ishamba riri mu mitumba ya kure muri Myanmar , Kaporari Aung avuga ati: "Twari dufise itegeko ryo kurasa ikintu ico ari co cose tubonye”.

Avuga ko bamwe mu banyagihugu binyegeza aho bibaza ko bashobora kudashikirwa, ariko ingabo zarahashitse “baca batangura kwiruka bahunga duca turabarasa”.

Kaporari Aung yemeza ko umurwi wiwe wishe wongera uhamba abagabo batanu.

Ati: "Twari dufise kandi itegeko ryo guturira inzu iyo ayi yo yose nini kandi nziza mu kigwati”.

Abasirikare bazungurutse ikigwati cose baturira amazu, bavuza induru ngo “Turira!Turira!”

Kaporari Aung yaturiye inzu zine. Abavuganye na BBC bavuga ko inzu hafi 60 zaturiwe, basiga ikigwati cose ari umunyota.

Ababa muri iki kigwati hfi bose barahunze, ariko si bose. Hari umuhana umwe wari hagati muri ico kigwati ata bantu bawubamwo.

Thiha avuga ko hari haheze amezi atanu yinjiye mu gisirikare imbere y’uko iki gitero gitangura. Nk’uko vyari bimeze ku bandi, yari yinjijwe mu gisirikare avuye mu banyagihugu bandi basanzwe kandi ko ata nyigisho za gisirikare yari yahawe. Aba barikiri (recrues/recruits) bazwi iwabo kw’izina rya Anghar-Sit-Thar canke "abasirikare bahawe akazi ".

Ico gihe yahembwa umushahara mwiza w’amafaranga y’ama Khat ya Myanmar angana na 200,000 ( hafi amadorari y’abanyamerika 100) ku kwezi. Aribuka ivyabereye kuri ino nzu neza.

Uyu musirikare ati: "Sinshobora kwibagira ingene yakoma akaruru yitakambira, nguma ndavyumva mu matwi yanje kandi n’umutima wanje uguma uvyibuka”.

Abwiye uwari amurongoye, yishuye ati "Nakubwiye kwica umuntu uwo ari we wese tubona ". Thiha yaciye arasa amasasu y’umuriro muri ico cumba.

Kaporari Aung na we nyene niho yari ari, yumva ingene uyo mwana arira akoma induru ariko arasha abona.

Ati: "Vyari ibintu biteye intuntu. Twamaze iminota hafi cumi n’itanu twumva arira atabaza mu gihe inzu yariko irasha”.

BBC yararondeye umuryango w’uyu mwana w’umukobwa, ivugana nawo imbere y’ibisigarira vy’inzu yabo.

Incuti yiwe U Myint avuga ko uyu mwigeme yari afise ikibazo co mu mutwe, abavyeyi biwe bakaba bari bamusize muhira bagiye gukora.

Avuga ati: "Yaragerageje gutoroka ariko baramuzibiye barareka arasha abona aratokombera”.

Si we mukobwa wenyene yaboneye amahano mu minwe y’abasirikare.

Thiha avuga ko yari yinjiye mu gisirikare arondera amahera ariko yababajwe n’ivyo yategetswe gukora hamwe n’amabi yiboneye.

Avuga ku murwi w’abakobwa bahagaritse ahitwa Yae Myet.

Intwazangabo yabashikirije ingabo ziwe azibwira ati: "Kora ivyo mushaka”, niko avuga. Avuga ko basambanije aba bakobwa ku nguvu ariko ko wewe atabikoze. BBC yararondeye babiri muri aba bakobwa.

Pa Pa na Khin Htwe bavuga ko bahuye n’aba basoda mw’ibarabara maze bagerageza guhunga. Ntibari ababo mu kigwati ca Yae Myet, bari bahaje baje kuraba umushonyi w’impuzu yahakorera.

N’aho bagerageje kwisigura bakavuga ko atari abarwanyi b’umuhari PDF kandi ko mbere atari ab’aho hantu, baruhiye gupfungirwa mu nyubakwa z’ishure ry’aho hantu, bakaba bahamaze amajoro atatu. Buri ijoro, basambanywa ku nguvu urutavanako n’abo basirikare bari babafashe, nk’uko babivuga.

Pa Pa ati: "Bampfunze igitambara mu maso baca bampenurira hasi. Nagumye nkoma induru bariko bansambanya ku nguvu”.

Yaringinze abasirikare ko bomureka ariko bagumye bamukubita mu mutwe mbere bamushirako n’umunwa w’inkoho kugira bamutere ubwoba ko bashobora kumwica.

Asusumira mu kuvuga, mwenewabo Khin Htwe avuga ati: "Vyabaye ngombwa ko tuvyemera ata mpari kuko twatinya ko bashobora kutwica.

Aba bakobwa bari bafise ubwoba bwo guhura n’aba babakoreye aya mahano ariko bavuga ko bibuka ko bahuye nabo, bamwe bambaye impuzu zisanzwe abandi nabo bari mu mwambaro wa gisirikare.

Mu vyo yibuka, Thiha avuga ati: "Iyo bafashe abakobwa, bavuga bati, ‘ibi bikubayeko kubera ushigikiye PDF’ mu gihe baba bariko barasambanya aba bakobwa”.

Abantu n’imiburiburi cumi nibo bishwe mu kaguma ka Yae Myet, nayo abakobwa umunani bakaba bavugwa ko bamaze imisi itatu yose basambanywa ku nguvu.

Ubwicanyi bw’agahomerabunwa umusirikare Maung Oo yagizemwo uruhara bwabaye ku wa 02 z’ukwa gatanu 2022 mu kigwati citwa Ohake pho, naco nyene kiri mu karere ka Sagaing.

Ivyo avuga ko vyakozwe n’umurwi wa 33 (Light Infantry Division 33) aho bafashe abantu bakabegeraniriza mu rusengero bakabarasa, bisa n’ibivugwa n’ivyabona hamwe n’ibiri mw’ireresi iteye akoba BBC yahawe haciye akanya gato iki gitero kibaye.

Iyi reresi yerekana ibiziga icenda bitondetswe harimwo umugore n’umugabo afise imishatsi isa n’ivu biryamitswe hamwe. Bose bari bakenyeye igikwembwe kizwi nka sarong, be n’udupira.

Muri iyi videwo harimwo ibimenyetso vyerekana ko barashwe ubw’inyuma kandi ko ababarashe bari babegereye cane.

Twavuganye kandi n’abanyagihugu baba kuri uwo mutumba biboneye aya mabi. Barashoboye kumenya uyo mugore yari aryamye hampande y’uwo mutama muri iyo videwo. Yitwa Ma Moe Moe, akaba yari ahetse umwana wiwe afise n’agasakoshi karimwo utuntu dukozwe mu nzahabu. Yaritakambiye asaba aba basirikare ko batomwaka ibintu vyiwe.

Hla Hla yari aho hantu ariko bakamureka, avuga ati: "N’aho yari afise uyu mwana, baramusahuye ivyo bintu vyiwe baca baramurasa arapfa. Baciye batondeka kandi abagabo bagenda bica umwe umwe”.

Uyu mwana yararokotse ubu akaba arezwe n’incuti.

Uyu mupfasoni Hla Hla avuga ko yumvise aba basirikare bigamba kuri terefone ko bishe abantu umunani canke cumi, ko vyari “biryoshe” kwica abantu kandi bavuga ko wari wo “musi wabo wa mbere wari ugenze neza cane”.

Avuga ko bavuye muri ico kigwati baririmba ngo "Turatsinze! Turatsinze!”

Uwundi mugore wewe yabonye ingene umugabo wiwe yishwe. Ati: “Bamurashe mw’itako, hanyuma bamutegeka kwubika inda bamurasa ku gisusu. Mu nyuma bagiye kumurasa mu mutwe”.

Ashimangira ko atari mu muhari PDF. "Ni ukuri yari umukozi yakora mu bigazi, niko kazi kari kamubeshejeho. Mfise umuhungu n’umukobwa kandi simbona ingene ngiye kubandanya mbaho”.

Maung Oo avuga ko yigaya ku vyo yakoze. Ati: "Rero, ndakubwira vyose. Ndashaka ko abandi bose babimenya kugira ngo birinde kubona nk’ayo twabonye”.

Aba basirikare bose batandatu bavuganye na BBC baremera ko baturiye amazu n’ibigwati bagasasika hagati muri Myanmar. Ibi bisigura ko ari ibintu vyari vyateguwe kugira ngo batuze umuntu uwo ari we wese yari ashigikiye abarwanyi.

Ibi bibaye mu gihe bamwe bavuga ko igisirikare kitorohewe muri ino ntambara yo hagati mu gihugu irwanirwa ku mpande zose.

Myanmar Witness – umurwi w’abashakashatsi bakora amatohoza kw’ihonyangwa ry’agateka ka zina muntu - uvuga ko hari ivyegeranyo birenga 200 bivuga ku bigwati vyaturiwe nk’uku muri ano mezi cumi arangiye.

Bavuga ko ibitero nk’ibi vyo guturira amazu biriko biriyongera cane, aho mu kwa mbere n’ukwa kabiri uno mwaka habaye ibitero n’imiburiburi 40, bikurikirwa n’ibindi n’imuburiburi 66 mu kwa gatanu n’ukwa kane.

Sibwo bwa mbere igisirikare ca Myanmar gikoreshejeje poritike to guturira bakuzako (politique de la terre brûlée / scorched earth policy). Yarakoreshejwe ku banyagihugu bo mu bwoko bw’aba Rohingya mu 2017 mu ntara ya Rakhine.

Uturere turi mu misozi turamaze imyaka mirongo dukorerwa ibintu nk’ibi. Bamwe mu barwanyi b’amoko atandukanye ubu bariko barafasha kwigisha no guha ibirwanisho PDF muri ino ntambara ya kino gihe yo kurwanya igisirikare.

Ishirahamwe Human Rights Watch rivuga ko kuva mu myaka mirongo, Myanmar irangwamwo umuco wo kudahana aho igisirikare cemerewe kunyaga no kwica uko gishatse, nk’uko aba basirikare babisigura.

Ni gake haba abakurikiranwa ku mabi avugwa ko akorwa n’igisirikare.

Ariko, igisirikare kiri mu ngorane kubera abasirikare batoroka n’ubwicanyi bukorwa na PDF.

Abababa 10.000 barataye igisirikare n’igisoda kuva mu 2021 igihe ubutegetsi butembagarijwe, nk’uko bivugwa n’ishirahamwe ryitwa People's Embrace ryashinzwe n’abahoze mu gisirikare no mu gipolisi.

Michael Martin wo mu kigo c’abahinga kizwi nka Centre for Strategic and International Studies, avuga ati: "Igisirikare nticorohewe muri ino ntambara irwanirwa ku mpande zose”.

"Kiri mu ngorane yo gutakaza abantu baco haba mu ntwazangabo canke mu basirikare basanzwe, bakaba bariko bapfa ku bwinshi, hakaba hari ingorane zo kwinjiza bashasha, ingorane z’ibikoresho, ibi bikabonekera ku kungene basa n’abagenda batakaza uturere mu bice bitandukanye vy’igihugu”.

Uturere twa Magway na Sagaing (ari naho habereye ibi vyaha) twahoze ari two igisirikare ca Myanmar caronderamwo abo cinjiza.

Ariko ubu, uwaruka ruhitamwo kwigira mu mirwi y’abarwanyi ba PDF.

Kaporari Aung arerekana neza igituma yatorotse: "Iyo mba nibaza ko igisirikare uburuhiro cotsinze iyi ntambara, simba narahambije abanyagihugu birwanira”. Avuga ko ata musirikare yohirahira ngo ave ku kirindiro wenyene kuko batinya ko bashobora kwicwa na PDF.

Twaregereye Jenerali Zaw Min Tun, umuvugizi w’igisirikare ca Myanmar, tumubaza ibi birego. Mw’itangazo yasohoye, arahakana ko igisirikare cica abasivire. Avuga ko ibi bigwati vyompi bivugwa ko vyatewe vyategerezwa guterwa kandi ko abishwe bose bari “abantu bakora iterabwoba”.

Avuga ko igisirikare kitaturiye ibigwati, ko ahubwo ari abarwanyi ba PDF bakora ibi bitero vyo guturira amazu n’ibigwati.

Biragoye kumenya ingene n’igihe iyi ntambara izorangira ariko bisa n’uko izosiga amamiriyoni y’abasivire bahahamutse.

Kandi mu gihe ata mahoro araboneka, niko n’abandi bagore nka Khin Htwe yakorewe amabi yo gufatwa ku nguvu bazobandanya bakorerwa amahano.

Avuga ko atabona ico abereyeho inyuma y’ivyamubayeko akaba yarashitse aho yiyumvira no kwiyahura.

Vyaranse ko abwira umukunzi wiwe amureheje ivyamubayeko.