M23 na RDF 'barashe ku basivile nta kurobanura' hafi ya Goma – raporo ya Human Rights Watch

Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, Human Rights Watch (HRW), uvuga ko muri uyu mwaka inyeshyamba za M23 n'ingabo z'u Rwanda (RDF) zarashe "nta kurobanura" mu nkambi z'abasivile no mu tundi duce dutuwe mu bucucike hafi y'umujyi wa Goma mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, zica abasivile.

Muri raporo nshya uwo muryango wasohoye ejo ku wa kane, unavuga ko ingabo za DR Congo (FARDC) n'imitwe yitwaje intwaro irwana ku ruhande rwazo, zongereye ibyago ku baturage bataye ingo zabo bari mu nkambi, mu gushyira intwaro za rutura hafi yabo no mu kwinjira mu nkambi, aho zahohoteye abazituyemo.

HRW ivuga ko yasabye impande zivugwa muri iyi raporo gusubiza kuri ibyo birego ariko kugeza igihe raporo yasohokeye zari zitarasubiza.

BBC Gahuzamiryango yandikiye umuvugizi wa M23, umuvugizi wungirije wa leta y'u Rwanda n'umuvugizi wa leta ya DR Congo ibasaba gusubiza ku birego bivugwa muri iyi raporo ya HRW, kugeza ubu ntibarasubiza.

Ariko mu ntangiriro ya Gicurasi (5) uyu mwaka, leta y'u Rwanda na M23 bahakanye ibirego by'Amerika byo kurasa mu nkambi y'abavuye mu byabo ya Mugunga mu nkengero ya Goma.

Mu kiganiro na BBC Gahuzamiryango, Clémentine de Montjoye, umushakashatsi mukuru mu ishami ry'Afurika muri HRW, yavuze ko muri iyi raporo bibanze ku byabaye kuva mu ntangiriro y'uyu mwaka, ubwo M23 na RDF bagotaga uduce dukikije umurwa mukuru Goma w'intara ya Kivu ya Ruguru, bagaca inzira zerekeza muri uwo mujyi.

Yavuze ko ibyo byatumye abaturage bagera ku 500,000 bari bahungiye mu nkengero za Goma babura umutekano, ahubwo bisanga hagati y'ibisasu bya rutura bya RDF na FARDC.

Kugeza ubu, muri Kivu ya Ruguru abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 2,4 bamaze kuva mu byabo kubera intambara. Bose hamwe mu gihugu, Umuryango w'Abibumbye (ONU) uvuga ko abagera kuri miliyoni 7 – ba mbere benshi kugeza ubu muri DR Congo – bamaze kuva mu byabo bahungira ahandi imbere mu gihugu.

Igitero 'kibi cyane' cyo muri Gicurasi

Clémentine de Montjoye yavuze ko muri raporo yabo basanze ko M23 na RDF barashe ibisasu bya rutura byerekeza mu nkambi z'abavuye mu byabo n'ahatuye abasivile, mu bitero bigera kuri bitanu bigaragara ko bitarobanura byishe abasivile.

Muri byo, HRW ivuga ko igitero "kibi cyane" cyabaye ku itariki ya gatatu Gicurasi, hagati ya saa yine (10:00) na saa tanu (11:00) z'amanywa, ku nkambi z'abavuye mu byabo zo mu duce twa Lac Vert na Mugunga, kuri kilometero hafi 15 mu burengerazuba uvuye rwagati mu mujyi wa Goma.

Clémentine de Montjoye avuga ko mu gusubiza ku bisasu bya FARDC icyo gihe, M23 na RDF barashe rokete nibura eshatu zo mu bwoko bwa milimetero 122 zerekeza muri izo nkambi z'abavuye mu byabo, imwe muri zo igwa mu nkambi ya Mugunga yica abasivile nibura 17 barimo abana 15, abandi bantu nibura 35 barakomereka.

Uwo mushakashatsi mukuru wo muri HRW yavuze ko uruhande rwa FARDC na rwo rwahohoteye abasivile, yongeraho ko impande zirwana muri iyi ntambara zitazirikana kurengera abasivile.

Yavuze ko rimwe na rimwe FARDC n'abarwanyi bazwi nka Wazalendo binjiye mu nkambi bararasa bica abasivile barimo n'abana.

Atanga urugero rw'igihe umusirikare wa FARDC yarashe urufaya rw'amasasu nyuma yo kwanga kuriha ibyo yari yanyoye, yica umwana w'umukobwa, nuko nyuma yaho abaturage na bo baramwica, nkuko ababibonye babibwiye HRW.

Clémentine de Montjoye yavuze kandi ko bumvise ubuhamya bw'abavuga ko bafashwe ku ngufu n'abasirikare ba DR Congo, n'abarwanyi ba Wazalendo, haba mu nkambi cyangwa kuri kasho za Wazalendo baba bashaka kwambura abaturage ibyabo, nkuko biri muri raporo y'umuryango w'abaganga batagira umupaka, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF).

HRW ivuga ko yumvise n'ubuhamya bw'abavuze ko bafashwe ku ngufu n'inyeshyamba za M23 mu duce zigenzura, ubwo bari bagiye mu ngo zabo gushaka ibyo kurya.

MSF ivuga ko abarenga umwe muri buri bagore bato 10 bavuze ko bafashwe ku ngufu mu nkambi z'abavuye mu byabo z'i Goma no mu nkengero za Goma, hagati y'Ugushyingo (11) mu mwaka wa 2023 na Mata (4) muri uyu mwaka wa 2024.

HRW isaba ko FARDC na RDF bafata ingamba zo kugabanya kugirira nabi abasivile, nko kwirinda gushyira ibirindiro hafi y'inkambi z'abavuye mu byabo, no gutandukanya abasivile basanzwe n'abarwanyi ba nyabo.

Clémentine de Montjoye anavuga ko abagaba b'ingabo bagomba kuryozwa ibyaha, ndetse bakagaragaza ingamba bafashe mu kubuza ko ibyo biba cyangwa guhana ababikoze igihe babimenye.

HRW isaba ONU, umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi n'Amerika, kugumishaho no kongera ibihano ku bakuru ba M23 n'abakuru b'indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro, abategetsi bakuru bo muri DR Congo, mu Rwanda no mu bindi bihugu bagize uruhare cyangwa ubufatanyacyaha mu marorerwa aherutse gukorwa n'ingabo zabo muri DR Congo.

De Montjoye yavuze ko guha intwaro imitwe nka M23 na Wazalendo ikora ihohotera bishobora gufatwa nk'ubufatanyacyaha mu ntambara.

Ati: "Mu by'ukuri turasaba impande zombi kubahiriza inshingano zazo zo mu mategeko mpuzamahanga arengera ikiremwamuntu."

Intambara hagati ya M23 na FARDC yongeye kubura kuva mu mpera y'umwaka wa 2021.

Inzobere za ONU, muri raporo yazo yo muri Nyakanga (7) uyu mwaka, zavuze kou Rwanda rufite abasirikare bagera ku 4,000 ku butaka bwa DR Congo barwana ku ruhande rwa M23.

Icyo gihe, mu butumwa yoherereje BBC, umuvugizi wa leta y'u Rwanda ntiyahakanye icyo kirego n'ibindi birego byo gufasha M23 byo muri iyo raporo y'inzobere za ONU.

Yavuze ko leta ya DR Congo nta bushake bwa politike ifite bwo gucyemura amakuba yo mu burasirazuba, bukize ku mabuye y'agaciro, bumaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo buri mu mvururu.