Vyagenze gute igihe abana 10 b'abayabaga bamara iminsi bahevye smartphone zabo?

Ahavuye isanamu, BBC news/ Kristian Johnson
- Umwanditsi, Kristian Johnson
- Igikorwa, BBC News
- Yakoze inkuru ari, England
Mu gikorwa c’iminsi itanu co kugabanya umwanya wo kuguma kuri terefone, abayabaga icumi b'i Salford mu Bwongereza bagujije terefone zabo zigezweho za ‘smartphones’ n’uduterefone dusanzwe dushobora guhamagara no kurungika ubutumwa bugufi gusa. None vyabagendeye gute?
Will akunda kumara umwanya munini, nk’amasaha umunani ku munsi ari kuri terefone yiwe ya smartphone.
Akiri muto, yakunda kunyonga agakinga kiwe- ubu ku myaka 15, umwanya afise awumara kuri terefone araba ama video ku rubuga rwa TikTok.
Mu ndwi iheze, Will yakwije amasaha 31 ku mbuga-hwaniro.
Ariko agiye kumara iminsi itanu atagiye kuri izo mbuga, kuko atari kumwe na terefone yiwe ya smartphone.
Yagize ati "Nfise impungenge nimba nzobishobora, ubu rero nzobwirizwa kugirana imigenderanire n’abavyeyi.”
Iki gikorwa co ‘gutandukana na terefone’ kiri mu mugambi wa BBC wo kwiga ku migenderanire hagati y’abakiri bato na terefone zabo, Will nawe akaba ari umwe mu banyeshure 10 bo kw'ishure ry’ubuhinga rya University Technical College riri muri Media City mu gisagara ca Salford, bemeye kuguza terefone zabo n’uduterefone duto duto two mu bwoko bwa Nokia.
Ivyo bari bamenyereye nka vyose mu buzima bwabo bwa minsi yose birahinduka – bakuze bakoresha terefone za smartphone, bikora kuri internet mu co bakora cose.
Baganirira ku rubuga rwa Snapchat canke Facetime, bakoresha Google mu kurondera inzira z'iyo baja, aho gukoresha ibicapo vy’amakarata yerekana iyo ukeneye kuja, kandi buri gihe bumviriza umuziki kuri izo terefone zabo.
Umukuru w’ishure ryabo Colin Grand agiye kugumana terefone z’abo bayabaga igihe cose bazomara muri iryo gerageza yagize ati: ''Ntibigiye kuba ibintu vyoroshe kuri bo”.
Ruby afise indoto zo kuzoba umukinyi wa film. Avuga ko amara umwanya munini cane kuri terefone yiwe, akenshi akihoza abavyeyi biwe iyo ariko yirabira ibiri ku rubuga rwa TikTok kuri terefone.
Ikiringo bazomara batagira izo terefone kigeze hagati, nagendeye umuryango wiwe.
Ndahashitse nasanze uwo muyabaga w’imyaka 16 ariko arisiga yitegura kuja kw’ishure. Se yamurabiye ko afise umwambaro akinana kw’ishure, nyina adutwara ku gituro ca Tram (gari ya moshi ntoyi).
Ruby aremeza ko gufata akaruhuko k’igihe gito akavana na terefone ‘vyamufashije kuganira gusumba’ n’abavyeyi’-kandi nyina wiwe, Emma, aremeza ko ukwo kugabanya igihe co gutwarwa na terefone ku buzima bwiwe, biriko bigira ingaruka nziza ku nyifato yiwe.
Agira ati “Ruby yari mu bo terefone zifatiye, ubu rero arashobora kubona uko vyari bimeze jewe ncaruka.”…Ubu aja kuryama kare, kandi aravuga gusumba uko yahora , ni akaruhuko keza kuri we.”
Igihe twegereza ku gituro, twagiye tubona Tram ihagurutse tugira tuhashike.
Mu bisanzwe, ubu Ruby aba yakoresheje porogarama canke App, imufasha kumenya kuri terefopne yiwe aho tram ikurikira iza gushikira ku gituro,.
Gusoma integanyagihe y’uruja n’uruza rwa Tram yanditse ku gituro cazo, si ikintu urwaruka rwa kino gihe rumenyereye gukora.
“Ata terefone, nta kuntu na kumwe nobimenya, ” uko nikwo Ruby avuga.
Mu gihe tukirindiriye ko iyindi Tram ihagera, Ruby yanyiganiye ivyo akazi kiwe akora igihe gito mu masaha ataba ari ku ishure, akora kabiri mu ndwi, ariko ntazi nimba uyu munsi afise akazi, canke umwanya w’akazi afise uko ureha.
Umukoresha wiwe yaramuhaye terefone ziwe kugirango amubaze igihe cose akeneye umuco ku kintu ico arico cose, ‘ariko atinya’ guhamagara.
“Biragaragara kuri App ikiringo uza gukora, ariko ubu ntavyo nshobora kumenya, uko nikwo Ruby asobanura, ati ‘nta na rimwe nigera mpamagara ku kazi ‘nta na mba.”
Ariha itike yo kwinjira muri Tram, yakoresheje ikarata yiwe ya banki, mu bisanzwe bimushikira gake cane kuyikoresha adaciye muri terefone nyene muri Application yitwa wallet. N’uko dufashe urugendo rw’isaha yose.

Ahavuye isanamu, BBC News/ Kristian Johnson
Ku bayabaga bamwe bamwe, kuvana na terefone zabo vyababareye ikibazo gikomeye.
Inyuma y’amasaha 27 gusa, Charlie w’imyaka 14 yarahevye arasaba gusubirana iterefone yiwe.
Yagize ati “Nari nzi ko terefone yanje ari hano muri iyi nyubakwa,”, ariko vyamunaniye kwihangana kumenya nimba ata wariko aramurondera, canke kuguma uko atagiye kuri za mbuga hwaniro, vyamuteye umwitwarariko urenze (stress),
Ikindi giteye umwitwarariko nka bose ni uko bahagaze kuri Snapstreak- urubuga rwerekana ingene barungikiraniye ubutumwa kuri Snapchat hagati yabo.
Bamwe mu banyeshure baremeza ko bafise umwitwarariko wo gutakaza iyo streak- ibishobora kumara iminsi igera ku 1000 – basavye abagenzi babo kwinjira muri konte zabo bakaguma bandika mu kibanza cabo kugirango ntibatakaze ubwo burenganzira ku rubuga mu gihe bari muri iki kiringo co kwirinda kuba imbohe za terefone zabo.
Kimwe na Charlie, abandi bayababaga bari kumwe bari muri iryo gerageza barafise akoba ko kugira ivyobacika bikabarengana batamenye, ariko benshi bavuga ko batangazwa n’uburyo iri geregeza ryabazaniye ubwisanzure.
Bamwe muri bo bavuga ko baryama neza, abandi bakavuga ko bakora neza bakabona umusaruro mwiza w’ivyigwa kuva aho bavaniye na terefone zabo.
“Ndumva ko niga neza kandi ndakwirikira kuruta, nta na kimwe numva ko cansize – uko niko Grace w’imyaka 15 avuga.
Avuye kw’ishure ku munsi wa mbere w’iri gerageza, we na bagenziwe baciye baja kugura utudede two gutaka ako gaterefone kiwe gato afise iki gihe.
Ayinyereka igihe twaganira, Grace yambwiye ko ukwo kuja gusuma kwabaye umwanya mwiza wo gusamara bakaba barirengagiza iterefone bambuwe, kandi vyabagiriye n’akandi kamaro.
Yavuze ati “Numvise ntekanye. Narabikunze cane nasubiye kuvyura impano yanje yo kwiremera utuntu”.
“Napfuye gushika muhira, ntangura gucapa ibintu no kubisiga irangi. Vyatumye nsubira ku vyo nakunda kera.”

Ahavuye isanamu, BBC News/ Kristian Johnson
Mu kwezi kwa kabiri, reta y’Ubwongereza yaratangaje amategeko ngenderwako mashasha mu nzira yo kugeregeza kubuza abanyeshure gukoresha za terefone ngendanwa kw’ishure.
Ariko umugwi ugizwe n’abashingamateka baturuka mu migambwe itandukanye, warongeyeko iyindi ntambwe mu kwezi kwa gatanu, uvuga ko ku bari munsi y’ imyaka 16 bakwiye kuzakwa hose atari kw’ishure gusa, ibi bikaba bikwiye kuzoshirwa mu ngiro n’uwuzotsinda amatora.
Mu gikorwa c’igendereza cagiyemwo abayabaga bagera ku 2000 bari hagati y’ imyaka 13 na 18, cakozwe na BBC Radio 5 Live, n’ikiganiro c’abana cibanda ku nyigisho BBCBitesize, abakiri bato basabwe kwishura ibibazo ku bisata bitandukanye vy’ubuzima, harimwo isano ry’ubuzima bwabo bwo mu mutwe na terefone zo mu bwoko bwa smartphone.
Ivyo batoye muri iryo suzuma, ryatunganijwe n’ikigo gihora gitunganya amatora ca Survation, vyagaragaje ko:
- 23% baremeza ko terefone ngendabnwa za smartphone zikwiye gukurwa mu minwe y’abari munsi y’imyaka 16.
- 35% bibaza ko imbuga hwaniro (social media) zikwiye kuvanwako abari munsi y’imyaka 16.
- 50% bavuga ko gutunga terefone za smartphone ku bakiri bato, bituma bagira umwitwarariko. Mu mwaka uheze, iki giharuro cari hejuru (56%).
Kugira uruhara muri iki gikorwa co kwikurarako ingeso yo kwifatirwa na smartphone ku bayabaga vyatumye abayabaga bagiye muri iri gerageza batandukana n’abandi bo mu runganwe rwabo.
Mw’isuzuma rya BBC, 74 % vy’abana babajijwe, bavuze ko badashobora kuguza terefone zabo za smartphones n’izindi zisanzwe.
Inyuma y’iminsi itanu yabaye nk’aho ari mire mire kuri bo, ubu ni igihe kuri abo bayabaga co kwongera guhura na terefone zabo.
Akamwemwe ni kose mu gihe umwigisha ariko yerekeza mu kabati kuzibazanira aho yari yazugaranyiye. Abenshi muri abo banyeshure bashize hejuru amajwi bakoma akaruru banezerewe.
Bapfuye gufata mu ntoke terefone zabo, ntibongeye kuzikurako ijisho, bihweza ibirimwo bongera bandikirana na bagenzi babo.
Ariko benshi muri bo bavuga ko kuva bagize uruhara muri uwo mwimenyerezo wo kwirinda kujanwa na terefone, bifuza kuronka inzira zo kugabanya umwanya bazimarako.
“Vyaramfashije kwibonera umwanya mara ku mbuga hwaniro, kandi narabonye ko bikenewe kuwugabanya, ngasohoka hanze kenshi,“ uko niko Will avuga. Akemeza ko agiye kugabanya TiklTok ata nkeka.
Aremera ko vyamugoye, kandi ko yakumbuye cane kwumviriza umuziki. Ariko umwanya yamaze atari kumwe na terefone yiwe wamufashije gusubira kwiyibutsa ikinga, ico yihaye intego yo gukomeza mu nyuma, aho gusubira kuri terefone amasaha yose.
“Amasaha umunani yose ni menshi,” uko niko avuga.













