The definite articleThe definite article - an

Knowing some Gaelic grammar helps you to understand and communicate in the language. Use the quiz to put your knowledge of the definite article to the test.

Part ofGaelic (Learners)Grammar

The definite article - an

1. The definite article in the nominative singular case - an

1. (a)

an is used before feminine words beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, and u).

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
aibidilan aibidilthe alphabet
aghaidhan aghaidhthe face
eaglaisan eaglaisthe church
ealaan ealathe swan
ìnean ìnethe nail
inntinnan inntinnthe mind
òrdagan òrdagthe thumb
osagan osagthe breeze
uaimhan uaimhthe cave
ùeiran ùeirthe wire
Indefinite formaibidil
Definite forman aibidil
Meaningthe alphabet
Indefinite formaghaidh
Definite forman aghaidh
Meaningthe face
Indefinite formeaglais
Definite forman eaglais
Meaningthe church
Indefinite formeala
Definite forman eala
Meaningthe swan
Indefinite formìne
Definite forman ìne
Meaningthe nail
Indefinite forminntinn
Definite forman inntinn
Meaningthe mind
Indefinite formòrdag
Definite forman òrdag
Meaningthe thumb
Indefinite formosag
Definite forman osag
Meaningthe breeze
Indefinite formuaimh
Definite forman uaimh
Meaningthe cave
Indefinite formùeir
Definite forman ùeir
Meaningthe wire

1. (b)

an is used before masculine words beginning with c, g, and s.

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
cleasaichean cleasaichethe actor
cliabhan cliabhthe creel
gruthan gruththe crowdie
grùthanan grùthanthe liver
sluaghan sluaghthe crowd
soitheachan soitheachthe vessel
Indefinite formcleasaiche
Definite forman cleasaiche
Meaningthe actor
Indefinite formcliabh
Definite forman cliabh
Meaningthe creel
Indefinite formgruth
Definite forman gruth
Meaningthe crowdie
Indefinite formgrùthan
Definite forman grùthan
Meaningthe liver
Indefinite formsluagh
Definite forman sluagh
Meaningthe crowd
Indefinite formsoitheach
Definite forman soitheach
Meaningthe vessel

1. (c)

an is used before masculine and feminine nouns beginning with d, l, n, r, and t.

Remind yourself of how to use an before these masculine nouns:

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
dòchasan dòchasthe hope
lònan lònthe pool
neachan neachthe person
reothadhan reothadhthe frost
trosgan trosgthe cod
Indefinite formdòchas
Definite forman dòchas
Meaningthe hope
Indefinite formlòn
Definite forman lòn
Meaningthe pool
Indefinite formneach
Definite forman neach
Meaningthe person
Indefinite formreothadh
Definite forman reothadh
Meaningthe frost
Indefinite formtrosg
Definite forman trosg
Meaningthe cod

Remind yourself of how to use an before these feminine nouns:

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
dìleaban dìleabthe inheritance
lèinean lèinethe shirt
nigheanan nigheanthe girl
rèisan rèisthe race
targaidan targaidthe target
Indefinite formdìleab
Definite forman dìleab
Meaningthe inheritance
Indefinite formlèine
Definite forman lèine
Meaningthe shirt
Indefinite formnighean
Definite forman nighean
Meaningthe girl
Indefinite formrèis
Definite forman rèis
Meaningthe race
Indefinite formtargaid
Definite forman targaid
Meaningthe target

1. (d)

an is used before feminine nouns beginning with the letter s, apart from those beginning with sl, sn, sr, or s + vowel.

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
sgeulachdan sgeulachdthe story
sgaitan sgaitthe skate (fish)
sgeilpan sgeilpthe shelf
sgiathan sgiaththe shield, the wing
smuainan smuainthe thought
spèilan spèilthe ice skate
spirisan spiristhe perch
strìan strìthe conflict
stoidhlean stoidhlethe style
Indefinite formsgeulachd
Definite forman sgeulachd
Meaningthe story
Indefinite formsgait
Definite forman sgait
Meaningthe skate (fish)
Indefinite formsgeilp
Definite forman sgeilp
Meaningthe shelf
Indefinite formsgiath
Definite forman sgiath
Meaningthe shield, the wing
Indefinite formsmuain
Definite forman smuain
Meaningthe thought
Indefinite formspèil
Definite forman spèil
Meaningthe ice skate
Indefinite formspiris
Definite forman spiris
Meaningthe perch
Indefinite formstrì
Definite forman strì
Meaningthe conflict
Indefinite formstoidhle
Definite forman stoidhle
Meaningthe style

1. (e)

an is also used before feminine nouns beginning with the letter f followed by a vowel. A feminine word like this requires the letter h to be inserted before the vowel when using the definite article. Take faoileag (a seagull), for example. It becomes an fhaoileag.

The definite article

Indefinite formDefinite formMeaning
faiceallan fhaiceallthe care
fàiltean fhàiltethe welcome
feargan fheargthe anger
fèillan fhèillthe sale, the market
fiacailan fhiacailthe tooth
foisan fhoisthe peace
fuaimreagan fhuaimreagthe vowel
fuilan fhuilthe blood
Indefinite formfaiceall
Definite forman fhaiceall
Meaningthe care
Indefinite formfàilte
Definite forman fhàilte
Meaningthe welcome
Indefinite formfearg
Definite forman fhearg
Meaningthe anger
Indefinite formfèill
Definite forman fhèill
Meaningthe sale, the market
Indefinite formfiacail
Definite forman fhiacail
Meaningthe tooth
Indefinite formfois
Definite forman fhois
Meaningthe peace
Indefinite formfuaimreag
Definite forman fhuaimreag
Meaningthe vowel
Indefinite formfuil
Definite forman fhuil
Meaningthe blood