Nature of God and existence in Hinduism Hindu goddesses – consorts

Brahman, the Ultimate Reality, is a key belief in Hinduism. Hindus worship gods and goddesses, including the trimurti (Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva) and the different forms of the gods and goddesses.

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Hindu goddesses – consorts

Hindus’ devotion to both gods and goddesses reflects the belief that is neither male nor female. Each of the gods of the has a female consort, which means partner or wife.

An infographic that illustrates the TriDevi within Hinduism.

Saraswati, consort of Brahma

Saraswati is the goddess of learning and is the consort of Brahma. She is often seen playing a musical instrument and riding on a white swan. Hindus may worship Saraswati in order to seek her aid with their studies or their musical skills. She is worshipped at the festival of Saraswati Puja.

Manu is the son of Brahma and Saraswati. The Manusmriti or , are significant Hindu scriptures containing moral laws about how to behave.

Lakshmi, consort of Vishnu

Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and beauty – including inner beauty. She is often pictured holding lotus flowers and with a pot of gold coins pouring from her lap. Worship of Lakshmi is part of the celebration of the festival of . At this time, people open their new account books for the coming year and hope and pray for prosperity.

Parvati, consort of Shiva

Images or of Parvati, the mother goddess, show her beauty and her golden skin. She is often surrounded by symbols of love, marriage and fertility. The goddess is known by many other names and in different forms, including Shakti, Durga and Kali.

Shakti represents divine feminine energy, carries many weapons and rides a tiger. Durga is the protective mother of the whole universe and fights for goodness. Kali, the black goddess, wears a necklace of skulls and her tongue drips blood – she is the goddess of death and doom. Shiva and Parvati are parents of the popular elephant-headed god, .

Vaishnavite and Shaivite views of the trimurti

Hindus who worship Vishnu and those who worship Shiva each consider that their form of God is especially important.

Those who worship Vishnu are called . These communities emphasise the idea of gods and goddesses appearing on Earth as . They particularly focus on the avataras of Vishnu, such as Rama and Krishna.

Those who worship Shiva are called . Shaivite traditions are most popular in southern India. These communities often engage in restrictive practices, such as fasting, for spiritual reasons.