Upside-down rainbows spotted in southern England

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These 'upside-down rainbows' or 'smiles in the sky' were spotted in southern England on Saturday.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Ashdownman/Weather Watchers
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A smile in the sky in Coopers Green, East Sussex

Although they look like rainbows they are actually an optical illusion known as a circumzenithal arc or Bravais' arc.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Chilhamchic/Weather Watchers
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A circumzenithal arc in Chilham, Kent

Circumzenithal arcs form when sunlight is refracted through ice crystals rather than raindrops.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Sarabell/Weather Watchers
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Gaps in the cloud make for an unusual circumzenithal arc in Brent Cross, London

The meteorological phenomenon usually forms high up in the sky among cirrus and cirrostratus clouds.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Bright Tim/Weather Watchers
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Tim photographed this vibrant smile above Brighton

Unlike normal rainbows, the colours are in reverse order with violet on the top and red at the bottom.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Heymead/Weather Watchers
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A circumzenithal arc was also visible at Langston Harbour, Hampshire

They form fairly frequently but are usually obscured by layers of clouds beneath.

Upside down rainbow in the skyImage source, Tails/Weather Watchers
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Another interesting effect in Burghfield, West Berkshire