Kaneria dismissed both Mark Wallace and James Harris for ducks
Danish Kaneria ripped out the Glamorgan middle order to set up an easy seven-wicket FP Trophy win for Essex at the Swalec Stadium.
The Pakistani spinner dismissed Ryan Watkins, Jamie Dalrymple, Mark Wallace and James Harris to record figures of 4-16 as Glamorgan were rolled for 124.
David Masters also took three wickets, while Ben Wright hit an unbeaten 40.
Graham Napier then smashed a 36-ball 41 and Varun Chopra 37 as Essex got home with almost half their overs to spare.
The win was Essex's fourth in five games - the defeat being at the hands of Glamorgan by eight wickets - and means they remain level at the top of Group D with Lancashire.
Glamorgan's hopes of posting a big total were dealt a blow as early as the second over when Mark Cosgrove was trapped lbw by Masters,
And that set to tone for the rest of the innings as only Wright, Ryan Watkins (28), Robert Croft (15) and Dean Cosker (11) made double figures as they limped to their total in 46.2 overs.
In reply, Essex suffered an early setback when Mark Pettini was caught on the midwicket boundary.
But Chopra and Napier added 66 in 10 overs to put the result beyond doubt, with Matt Walker and Grant Flower eventually seeing them over the finishing line.
Glamorgan cricket manager Matthew Maynard: "We made it difficult for ourselves, we didn't apply ourselves as well as we could have done.
"We certainly didn't build any partnerships through the innings and with the likes of Kaneria in their side and [James] Middlebrook well...
"We knew the wicket was going to spin but we wanted to get ourselves in a position where we could play a little bit more positively against those guys."
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