Colaadda Itoobiya: Sidee ayay TPLF ugu suuragashay inay loodiyaan mid ka mid ah ciidankii ugu awoodda badnaa Afrika?

A member of the Ethiopian Federal Forces holds a candle during a memorial service for the victims of the Tigray conflict organized by the city administration, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on November 3, 2021

Xigashada Sawirka, AFP

Ciidan mar ahaa kuwo xoog badan oo ay awooddoodu u soo jiiday ixtiraamka Maraykanka, ayaa hadda u muuqda kuwo khasaare baaxad leh la daaladhacaya, oo ka soo gaadhay jiidaha hore ee dagaalka, taas oo keentay in dawladdu ay qaado tallaabo aan caadi ahayn oo ay ugu yeedhayso muwaadiniinta caadiga ah inay ku biiraan dagaalka ka dhanka ah jabhadda Tigrayga.

Waxay muujinaysaa isbeddel weyn oo ku yimid qaabdhismeedkii millatariga.

Sanad ka hor waxay meesha ka saareen jabhadda TPLF oo ahaa xisbigii talada hayay ee waqooyiga gobolka Tigray - hadda dagaalyahannada kooxdaas ayaa qabsanaya magaalooyin u dhow caasimadda Addis Ababa.

"Dagaalyahannada TPLF waxay markii hore dhiigbixiyeen ciidanka dowladda ee ku sugnaaTigray iyagoo qaaday weeraro ku dhufo oo ka dhaqaaq ah," Falanqeeyaha Geeska Afrika ee fadhigiisu yahay Maraykanka Faysal Rooble ayaa sharraxay.

"Markaa waxay galeen dagaal si ay ugu dhammeeyaan." ayuu raaciyey hadalkiisa Faysal

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Achamyeleh Tamiru - oo ah dhaqaale yahan reer Itoobiya ah, kana faallooda siyaasadda - ayaa aaminsan in horumarka TPLF uu yahay oo kaliya "ku meel gaadh".

"Itoobiyaankii nooc kasta ayaa u kacaya si ay u difaacaan una badbaadiyaan Itoobiya," ayuu yidhi.

A Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) fighter poses as he walks towards another field at Tigray Martyr's Memorial Monument Center in Mekele, the capital of Tigray region, Ethiopia, on June 30, 2021

Xigashada Sawirka, Getty Images

Qoraalka sawirka, Ciidanka fallaagada ayaa u muuqda kuwo dhiirran

Xeeladaha dagaal-yahannada TPLF waxay xasuusinayaan tafatirihii hore ee BBC-da qaybteedaTigrinya, Samuel Ghebhrehiwet, noloshiisii ​​markii uu ahaa jabhad da'yar oo Eriteriyaan ah oo ay Tigreega ka barbar dagaallameen taliskii Itoobiya ee Mengistu Haile Mariam ilaa xukunka laga tuuray 1991kii.

Waxay ahaayeen "kuwo fudfudud oo hubaysan, aad u firfircoon, oo muujinaya adkeysi qoto dheer iyo go'aan qaadasho adag".

Ereteriya waxay sii wadday inay ku guulaysato xornimadeeda, halka TPLF ay la wareegeen awoodda Itoobiya -in kasta oo awoodeeda siyaasadeed ay soo afjarantay 2018-kii ka dib mudaaharaadyo waaweyn o ka dhacay halkaas.

Hogaamiyayaasheeda waxay dib ugu gurteen Tigray halkaas oo ay ka dagaalamayeen tan iyo horraantii Noofambar 2020 iyaga oo marka hore weerar ku qaaday saldhig millatari oo federaal ah iyaga oo taageero ka helaya kuwa daacadda u ah ciidankooda - oo ay ku jiraan taliyayaal iyo askar - kuwaas oo ka goostay safkoodii hore.

Ma aha oo kaliya in la qabsaday hub aad u badan, balse saraakiil sarsare iyo askartii iska caabbisay ayaa la dilay ama la qabtay kumanaan kun oo ka mid ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, militariga dalkaas oo gacan ka helaya ciidamada Eritrea, iyo xoogaggii iyo maleeshiyaadkii ka soo jeeday gobolka Axmaarada ee Itoobiya - ayaa ka soo kabtay dib u dhacaas, iyagoo qaaday weerarro cir iyo dhul ahoo sababay in kooxda TPLF laga xayuubiyo awoodda Tigray-ga muddo bil gudaheed ah.

Laakiin, Mr Samuel ayaa sheegay, in xiligaa ay gaysteen gabood-fallo baahsan oo ka dhan ah dadka rayidka ah - oo ay ku jiraan kufsi, dil iyo gubidda dalagyadii beeraha - Tigreega "dhammaan qaybaha bulshada ayaa markaa ku biiray TPLF si ay u ilaaliyaan sharaftooda".

"Waalidiinta waxay u sheegeen caruurtooda: 'Intay ku dhiman lahaayeen guriga, taga furinta oo la dagaallama.' Waxa uu noqday dagaal u dhexeeya dadka Tigrayga iyo ciidanka dawladda - ma ahan dagaal u dhexeeya TPLF iyo ciidanka.

A Togoga injured residents, a village about 20km west of Mekele, where an alleged airstrike hit a market leaving an unknown number of casualties, receives medical treatments at the Ayder referral hospital in Mekele, the capital of Tigray region, Ethiopia, on June 23, 2021.

Xigashada Sawirka, Getty Images

Qoraalka sawirka, Duqeyntii Itoobbiya ayaa sababtay xaald adag

Sida uu sheegay Mr Rooble, Jeneraaladii hore ee shaqada ka fadhiistay ama ka goostay waxay tageen buuraha iyo godadka Tigreega si ay u dhisaan ciidanka difaaca Tigray-ga (TDF) oo ah garabka milatari ee kooxda TPLF si ay u hubiyaan in tobanaan kun oo askar cusub ah ay u diyaarsan yihiin dagaalkan.

"Jeneraaladan waxa ay dareemeen in ay waajib ku tahay in ay difaacaan muwaadiniinta Tigray-ga, iyaga oo aqoontooda ku dhex leh ciidanka ayay maleegayeen jabkooda," ayuu yidhi Mr Rooble.

Iyadoo dagaalyahanada Tigreega ay hadda wax ka yar 300km (185 mayl) u jiraan caasimadda, waxaa cad inay hadda gacanta sare ka leeyihin ciidan ka mid ahaan jiray kuwa ugu awoodda badan Afrika, ayuu yidhi.

"Itoobiya waxay ahayd saaxiibka 1-aad ee Maraykanka ee la dagaalanka waxa loogu yeedho Argagaxisada Geeska Afrika, gaar ahaan Soomaaliya, halkaas oo ay meesha ka tuurtay Midowgii Maxaakimta oo[ Horudhac u ahaa Al-Shabaab]. Mareykanku wuxuu maalgeliyay Milliterigooda, hubeynaayey oo xitaa waxay siin jirern ciidankooda cunto diyaarsan," ayuu yidhi Mr Rooble.

"Midowga Afrikana wuxuu ku tiirsanaa howlgalladooda nabad ilaalinta, laakiin Itoobiya lafteedu hadda ma xasiloon tahay!."

Xilligii khilaafku bilaabmay

Dhibaatada kooxda TPLF ayaa bilaabatay markii uu xafiiska la wareegay ra'iisul wasaare Abiy Axmed bishii April 2018 ka dib markii dad aad u tiro badan oo ka soo jeeda labada qawmiyadood ee ugu waaweyn dalka Itoobiya - Oromo iyo Amxaarada - ay dhigeen mudaaharaadyo ay kaga soo horjeedaan 27-kii sano ee ay talada dalkaa hayeen TPLF.

Mr Abiy waxa uu soo jeediyay isbadallo baaxad leh, kaas oo khilaaf qoto dheer uu kala dhexeeya kooxda TPLF.

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"Tigraygu waxay ka yihiin 6% oo kaliya shacabka, markii TPLF ay xukunka haysay waxay abuurtay nidaam federaal ah oo qawmiyadaha siiyay dawlad goboleedyo u gaar ah," ayuu yidhi Mr Rooble.

" TPLF waxa ay dareemeen in Mr Abiy [oo Oromo ah] uu doonayo in uu xukun dhexe sameeyo. Waxa ay sababtay khilaaf weyn oo dhexdooda ah, ugu dambayntiina waxa uu horseeday dagaalkaas," ayuu yidhi Mr Rooble.

Alex de Waal, oo ah agaasimaha fulinta ee hay'adda nabadda adduunka ee fadhigeedu yahay Mareykanka, ayaa sheegay in Mr Abiy uu sidoo kale dajiyay in dib u habeyn lagu sameeyo ciidamada si loo hubiyo in ay daacad u yihiin isaga, iyo in wax laga qabto walaaca laga qabo xukunka Tigrayga.

"Tigraygu waxay ka ahaayeen qiyaastii 18% ciidamada oo dhan, iyo kalabar ka mid ah saraakiisha sarsare, tiradooda waxay ahayd mid aan qiyaas lahayn marka loo eego tirada dadka, Mr Abiy wuxuu bilaabay dib-u-habeyn uu ku riixayo Tigrayga, wuxuuna abuuray ciidan Imaaraadku tababaray oo Jamhuuriya ah isagana daacad u ah," ayuu yiri Prof De Waal

Waxa uu sheegay in 20-ka qeyb ee ciidanka, 10 ka mid ah - oo ka kooban ilaa 5,000 oo askari midkiiba - la jebiyay, ugu yaraan 10,000 oo askarina laga dilay tiro la mid ahna laga qabtay. BBC-da ayaa isku dayday in ayla xiriirto af-hayeenka Difaaca Qaranka Itoobiya, balse kama uusan jawaabin.

Kadib markii ay dib u qabsadeen inta badan Tigrayga bishii June, kooxda TPLF ayaa weerar ku qaaday gobolada ay dariska yihiin ee Axmaarada iyo Canfarta, halka Mr Abiy uu ugu baaqay dhamaan dadka awooda leh ee Itoobiya inay ku biiraan ciidamada iyo maleeshiyaadka si ay gacan uga geystaan sidii looga adkaan lahaa jabhadaas.

Wadahadal ka hor inta aanay qabsasho isku deyin

Kooxda TPLF ayaa sidoo kale ku hawlan duullaan lagu doonayo in lagu go'doomiyo Addis Ababa oo ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan shan milyan.

Wounded captive Ethiopian soldiers arrive on a truck at the Mekele Rehabilitation Center in Mekele, the capital of Tigray region, Ethiopia, on July 2, 2021.

Xigashada Sawirka, Getty Images

Qoraalka sawirka, Kumannaan Ciidammada dalkaas ayaa lagu qabtay intii dagaalku socday

"TPLF waxay doonaysaa inay cadaadis ku saarto xukuumadda si ay wadahadal ula gasho, uma malaynayo inay Addis Ababa geli doonaan, halkaas aad loogama jecla" ayuu yidhi Mr Samuel.

Prof De Waal ayaa sheegay in dowladda ay wajaheyso guul darro ciidan, balse kooxda TPLF ma sheegan karto guul waayo guushu waa siyaasad.

"Waxay u baahan yihiin taageero iyo iskaashi ku filan iyo jileyaal siyaasadeed ah, kuwaas oo aanay hadda haysan."

"Marka waa in la wadahadlo, kooxda TPLF waxay diiradda saari doontaa sidii loo sugi lahaa mustaqbalka Tigrayga."