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Seeing Red: Postcards of Soviet-era architecture

17 June 2015

Writer and journalist OWEN HATHERLEY's latest book, Landscapes of Communism, explores the history of 20th-century Eastern Europe through its architecture, revealing how regimes sought to transform everyday life through sweeping boulevards, epic high-rise buildings and vast housing estates. Below, Hatherley explains his approach to the book and presents some highlights from his collection of postcards which provide a fascinating window into an extraordinary era.

Rusanivka new residential district, Kiev, Ukraine. Date unknown

Over the last few years there has been a strange craze for glossy photo-books of Soviet architecture.

The once absurd idea that there was anything worth looking at in the cityscapes of the USSR and its empire has been embraced in the likes of Richard Pare's The Lost Vanguard, Frederic Chaubin's CCCP or Roman Bezjak's Socialist Modernism, among many others.

The postcards are often rendered in strange, cheap colours, giving an undeniably nostalgic effect

Some of these books are intriguing, others much more voyeuristic and shallow, but when putting together a book on the architecture and urbanism of the Soviet era I tried as much as possible to avoid this approach, preferring quick snapshots that showed these spaces being used - as they are - rather than as grandiose monuments to a vanished civilisation.

The postcards here came from a similar impulse. Mostly found in second hand bookshops in Warsaw, many of them are photos of quite mundane places - housing estates, TV towers, modern public buildings - often rendered in strange, cheap colours, giving an undeniably nostalgic effect.

Some countries seemed to offer more 'socialist' postcards than others - postcards from the former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria or Crimea offer images of sun, sea and concrete not massively dissimilar from the Costa del Sol.

In much of the USSR, Poland and Czechoslovakia, though, you could buy a postcard of a cultural centre in a mining town, or of a prefabricated housing estate on the outskirts of a provincial city.

They were little reminders that these ordinary spaces were once regarded as something rather special - places that if you visited or got rehoused in them, you'd want to write home about.

Landscapes of Communism is out now, published by Allen Lane.

The centre of Lazdynai, Vilnius. 1986 postcard
Karl-Marx-Allee, Berlin. Postcard stamp marked 1969

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State opera and ballet theatre, Vilnius. 1986 postcard
Ostankino Tower, Moscow. 1973
Ministry of Economics buildings, Kalinin Prospekt, Moscow (now called New Arbat Avenue). Date unknown
The Exhibition of Economic Achievements, Moscow. 1969 postcard
Ukraine’s largest statue of Lenin, in Kharkov. It was toppled by pro-European crowds in 2014
Stasi-controlled Interhotels Newa and Bastei, Dresden. Date unknown
View across the Sava to New Belgrade. 1978 postcard
Postcard from Maribor, Slovenia. Date unknown
Moscow panorama postcard. Date unknown
Albena resort, Bulgaria. Postcard dated 1970

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