'Our work na just to kill' - how Sudan deadly militia carry out dia massacre

Three RSF fighters smile to di camera as dem stand in front of destroyed cars for a site near el-Fasher. BBC Verify logo dey ontop dem.
    • Author, Merlyn Thomas, Matt Murphy, Peter Mwai & Richard Irvine-Brown
    • Role, BBC Verify
  • Read am in 7 mins

Warning: Dis tori get graphic descriptions of executions.

Fighters just dey laugh as dem dey drive for back of pick-up, wey speed past row of nine dead bodi for road.

One of dem hala wit joy say "look all dis work, look dis genocide".

E turn di camera to im fellow fighters and imself face as e dey smile wit dia Rapid Support Forces (RSF) badges outside as dem tok say, "dem go all die like dis".

Di men dey celebrate massacre wey humanitarian officials dey fear say don kill ova 2,000 pipo for di Sudanese city of el-Fasher last month.

On Monday di International Criminal Court (ICC) tok say dem dey investigate weda di paramilitary fit don commit "war crimes and crimes against humanity".

Di paramilitary RSF don dey chook eye for el-Fasher. Na di last stronghold wey di Sudanese military get for Dafur. Di same military wey RSF don dey fight wit since dia collabo ruling scata for 2023.

Ova 150,000 pipo bin dey estimated to dey killed by di fighting wey dey happun for di last two years and both sides don collect accuse of plenti war crimes, many of which di RSF dey repeat for di fall of el-Fasher.

City wey dem cut from di world

RSF don hold di city under seige for almost two years and for August dem enta and block di remaining civillian population.

Satellite images show di troops as dem start to build big beam, wey be sand parrier around di land of el-Fasher to block di access routes and to block aid.

By early October, di ring don surround di city finish.

Satellite image annotate show sand berm run around el-Fasher.

As di seige increase, RSF attack one mosque on 19 September and 78 pipo bin die. Di UN tok say 53 more bin die for drone and artillery strikes for di displacement camp for October.

Videos wey BBC Verify get also suggest say di RSF dey try block food and essential supplies.

For October, video show one man wey dem tie im hands and leg for back, and hang am from tree wit chains. Di man wey dey feem di video accuse am say e wan smuggle supplies go enta di city.

E shout as e dey tell di tied man to beg for im life say, "I swear to God, you go pay for dis, you dog".

But di RSF don push enta di city dey do street to street fight.

Graphic footage show as dem dey shoot unarmed pipo

By morning on 26 October, di RSF don enta di final army positions and seize di main base for di city, wey be di headquarters of di 6th Infantry Division as di miltary comot.

Sojas feem demselves as dem dey laugh as dem dey waka round di abandoned headquarters wit grenade launcher.

Later dat day RSF commander Abdul Rahim Dagolo wey be di RSF oga Mohammad 'Hemedti' Dagalo broda come inspect di base.

Di RSF wey bin comot form di Janjaweed militia wey kill hundreds of thousands of pipo for Dafur from 2003 to 2005, don dey accused say dem dey commit against non-Arab groups round Sudan.

Videos wey come online show say dem dey plan kasala for di civillians of el-Fasher.

Wetin we call dis Video, RSF fighters make threats ahead of di el-Fasher massacre

Bifor di RSF don enta el-Fasher fully, plenti informate no dey comot from di city in months.

But hours afta di miltary collapse, videos of attrocities wey di RSF dey do come online.

One of di most graphic videos wey comot and wey BBC Verify bin analyse show afta kasala burst for university bulding for di city wia deadbodis just dey evriwia for ground.

One old man wey bin dey wear white tunic siddon togeda for di deadbodis.

E look one of di fighter wey hold rifle dey waka to im side till e shoot one time at di man wey just collapse. Oda sojas immediately see anoda man leg dey move for middle of di bodis.

One of dem hala say, "why dis one still dey alive. Shoot am!"

Satellite images from 26 October be like say e confam di executions wey dem bin dey do for el-Fasher, according to report wey di Yale Humanitarian Research Lab publish.

Dia analysts torchlight large "clusters" wey dem see for di images and wey dem say dey "consistent wit di size range of adult human bodis and no dey for di imagery bifor". E also point to di "discoloration" wey di report say fit be marks from human blood.

One eywitness wey wey follow BBC tok say e see "many of our family members dey killed, dem gada dem for one place and kill dem".

Anoda witness say e see one woman wey RSH "shoot for chest" bifor dem troway her bodi "afta e taker all her belongings".

A satellite image show clusters of objects and ground discolouration for el-Fasher.

As di main RSF force dey scata tins for el-Fasher, anoda group of fighters stay for di outskirts of di city wia dem bin dey kill plenti unarmed captives.

Most of dis kasala bin dey happun about 8km (5 miles) away from el-Fasher.

Verified videos show dozens of dead bodi for civillian clothes, some of who be woman wey dey lie down for trench wey run around dat sand berm wey di RSF build.

Oda videos show kasala like fire dey burn and di burnt trucks wey dey around di landscape. Videos from di scene also show deadbodi dem around di vehicles.

Wetin we call dis Video, Fighters laugh near site of RSF executions

One of di key pipo for dis violence na who BBC Verify bin don identify as RSF commander wey dem dey call Abu Lulu online. For two videos, dem show am dey kill unarmed captives as eyewitnesses tell di BBC say, e "give im men order to kill plenti innocent pipo even pikin dem sef".

ONe video show RSF soja dey attempt to beg as Abu Lulu dey arrange to kill one injuted man as di captive dey beg say, "I sabi you. I bin call out to you days ago".

Abu Lulu dismiss am say "I no go have mercy. Our work na to just kill". E just jejely point im gun bifor e shoot di unarmed man plenti times.

A satellite image show di sand berm and a group of burned vehicles outside el-Fasher. In a second image below di location of dead body dem mark wit diamond markers.

Anodan video show am as e kill nine unarmed captives. Videos wey comot days later show say dem just leave deadbodis wia dem die for di dustu Dafuri ground.

Many of those wey do di killings wia RSF badges, and include di group wey celebrate di kasala as "genocide".

A graphic show two men wear military fatigues dem design wit di RSF logo.

RSF commanders wan do damage control

Days afta di massacre, RSF leader Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagolo admit say im army do "violations" and say di incidents go dey investigated.

Senior UN official last week tok say di RSF don give notice say dem don arrest some suspects for dia ranks.

Dem even arrest Abu Lulu afta BBC Verify publish report of wetin e don commit. Video wey dem arrange edit well-well wey RSF post for dia official Telegram account show as dem dey carry am go cell outside el-Fasher.

Yale analyst don also accuse RSF say dem dey "do clean-up of dia alleged mass atrocities".

Report from 4 November show di stelite images show say dem don comot wetin bin resemble deadbodis# dem for north of dia berm and don view graves near pikin hospital for el-Fasher.

BBC Verify don measure white objects for di hospital on 30 October wey look like adult human and resemble di burial shroud wey dem dey use for Sudan.

A graphic show di children hospital for el-Fasher. marked on di image on di right-hand-side are soil disturbances.

But RSF and social media accounts wey dey linked to dem don start to dey rearrage di tori.

Posts show dia fighters dey give aid to civillians as di paramilitary media office dey share videos di humane treatment of army prisoners of war.

A graphic show a Telegram post shared by di RSF wey read: "RSF gree say POWs of AF and Armed Movements' mercenaries in El-Fasher dey treated in accordance wit (IHL).

Even wit di social media campaign wey di RSF dey do, wetin dem don scata for el-Fasher don vex pipo worldwide.

BBC Verify ask di RSF to come ansa dia allegation for dis investigate, Di group no ansa.

Additional reporting by Kevin Nguyen, Alex Murray, Barbara Metzler, Lamees Altalebi, Ahmed Nour and Kumar Malhotra. Graphics by Jess Carr and Mesut Ersoz.