Musulman Rohingya 'suna cikin tashin hankali'

Bangladesh na shirin dauke dukkan 'yan gudun hijira 100,000 zuwa wani tsibiri

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Bayanan hoto, Bangladesh na shirin dauke dukkan 'yan gudun hijira 100,000 zuwa wani tsibiri
    • Marubuci, Daga Moazzem Hossain and Swaminathan Natarajan
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC World Service

Kwana guda bayan isa tsibirin Bhasan Char, dab da tsakiyar dare, Halima, mai dauke da tsohon ciki, ta fara jin nakuda.

Ita da danginta na cikin 'yan gudun hijirar Rohingya da ba su jima da komawa tsibirin ba, a bisa yardar gwamnatin kasar Bangladesh, don su fara sabuwar rayuwa.

Ta shaida wa BBC cewa: "Na tsorata tare da kasancewa abin tausayi. Na nemi taimako daga Allah".

Mahukuntan kasar Bangladesh sun haramta wa kungiyoyin bayar da agaji na kasashen duniya da masu kare hakkin bil adama da manema labari damar shiga tsibirin.

Amma kuma BBC ta yi hirarraki ta wayar salula da wasu daga cikin 'yan gudun hijirar da ke zaune a sabon sansanin da aka tanadar musu a tsibiri, a kan gabar tekun Bangladesh.

Wadannan hirarraki sun nuna karin bacin rai a tsakanin 'yan gudun hijirar saboda rashin ababen more rayuwa da damar samun ayyukan yi.

An dauki 'yan gudun hijirar rukuni-rukuni zuwa sabon tsibiri

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, An dauki 'yan gudun hijirar rukuni-rukuni zuwa sabon tsibiri

Lokacin da Halima ta isa can, duhun dare ne, ga kuma tsananin sanyi a tsibirin na Bhasan Char.

Ta san cewa babu yiwuwar samun likita ko ma'aikaciyar jinya.

"Na taba haihuwa, amma wannan karon shi ne mafi muni da na samu. Ba zan iya bayyana irin radadin wahalar ba."

Mijinta Enayet ya garzaya domin samun wata mata 'yar kabilar Rohingya da suke zaune a gida daya, wacce ta iya aikin ungozamanci.

"Allah ka taimake ni," in ji Halima. Ta haifi 'ya mace da aka sanya wa suna Fathima.

Bangladesh ta ce ta kashe $350m dmn gina sabbin gidaje a cikin tsibirin

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Bangladesh ta ce ta kashe $350m domin gina sabbin gidaje a cikin tsibirin

Gallazawa a Myanmar

A tilasta wa 'yan kabilar Rohingya ficewa daga Myanmar bayan da sojoji suka kai samame tare da kona kauyuka da dama a jihar Rakhine.

Musulmai 'yan Rohingya kusan miliyan daya ne suka samu mafaka a Bangladesh, da akasarinsu suka kasance a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Kutupalong mai cunkoso a gundumar Cox's Bazar.

Kasar Bangladesh ta yi iya bakin kokarinta wajen mayar da 'yan gudun hijirar Rohingya kasarsu amma ta gaza.

Yanzu haka ta kai mutane kimanin 100,000 tsibirin Bhasan Char don "rage cunkoson sansanonin".

An samar da tsibirin ne a 2006 kuma yana yankin da mahaukaciyar guguwa za ta iya abkawa

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, An samar da tsibirin ne a 2006 kuma yana yankin da mahaukaciyar guguwa za ta iya abkawa

"Ina ta mamakin yadda za mu iya rayuwa a nan," Halima ta ce, yayin da take tuna lokacin da suka isa tsibirin a farkon watan Disamba.

"Wani irin kebabben wuri ne. Baya ga mu, babu wani mahaluki da ke zaune a nan.''

Mijinta ya yi rijistar komawa tsibirin na Bhasan Char a boye ba tare da ya sanar da ita ba.

Enayet ya ce ya rattaba hannu domin su tashi daga can shi da iyalansa cike da fatan samun rayuwa mafi kyau.

Ya shaida wa BBC cewa: "Mahukuntan Bangladesh sun yi mana alkawarin samun abubuwa kamar filaye ga ko wane iyalai, da shanu da basussuka da za su fara kasuwanci."

Sabon tsibirin da aka kafa

Asalin tsibirin Bhasan Char ya samu ne daga tekun kimanin shekaru 15 da suka gabata, mai kimanin nisan kilomita 60 daga gabar tekun Bangladesh.

New houses have proper flooring and running water
Bayanan hoto, Akwai tukwanen dafa abinci na gas a sabon matsugunin, a cewar Halima

Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita arba'in, kuma kasa da mita biyu a saman tekun, kana kasar wurin turbaya ce hade da tabo da burbushin dattin da ke wankowa daga tsaunukan yankin.

Masunta a yankin kan yi amfani da shi a matsayin wurin ya da zango da hutawa, amma ba a taba samun mutanen da suka zauna a tsibirin a baya ba.

Kasar Bangladesh ta kashe kimanin $350m wajen gina matsugunai a kan tsibirin.

Mahauciyar guguwa

"A bisa tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kamata a bayar da fadin mita 3.5 na ko wace kusurwar fili ga ko wane mutum guda, amma a sansanoninmu nan muna samar da fadin mita 3.9,'' in ji Commodore Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury.

Shi ne ya sa ido kan gina wa 'yan gudun hijirar matsugunai a tsibirin na Bhasan Char.

Halima ta ce ta ji farin cikin na samun ruwan famfo, da gadajen kwanciya mai sama da kasa, da abin girki mai amfani da iskar gas da kuma wajen ba-haya na hadaka a matsuguninta a kan tsibirin.

Mahaukaciyar guguwa tana iya fada wa wannan yanki na Bangladesh

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Mahaukaciyar guguwa tana iya fada wa wannan yanki na Bangladesh

Amma kuma ta ce tana fargabar mahaukaciyar guguwar teku.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran kungiyoyin bayar da agaji na kasashen duniya sun nuna adawa da aikin gine-ginen kan tsibirin, don saboda yankin ka iya fuskantar barazanar mahaukaciyar guguwa da mummunar ambaliyar teku.

Yankin yana da tarihin abkuwar mahaukaciyar guguwa mafi muni a duniya.

Mutane kusan rabin miliyan ne suka hallaka a shekarar 1970 lokacin da daukacin yankin tekun ya gamu da mamayar mahaukaciyar guguwar.

A shekarar 1985, an kara samun aukuwar bala'in guguwar da ta yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 140,000 people a Urir Char, tsibirin da ke kusa da na Bhasan Char, inda aka rasa rayukan duka al'ummomin yankin.

Matsugunan da aka saba fuskantar guguwa

Mutanen Rohingya sun saba da abkuwar guguwar teku, amma a sabbbin matsugunansu a kan tsibirin, suna jin su a sarari ne.

Mahukuntan Bangladeshi sun yi watsi da wannan farbagar.

"An samar wa da tsibirin kariya sosai ta hanyar gina dakali mai tsawon kafa tara wato fiye da mita miliyan biyu da rabi (2.7m) don haka ne yasa bamu samu wata matsala ba a guguwar tekun da ta faru a baya,'' in ji Commodore Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury.

"Muna kuma da halin samar da matsugunai ga mutane 120,000 a yankuna masu fama da guguwar.''

An samar wa da iyalai a tsibirin na Bhasan da kayan abinci da suka hada da shinkafa, da wake da kuma man girki.

Wasu mata a wajen kanti
Bayanan hoto, An bude wasu shaguna amma mutane kalilan ne suke iya sayen kayan abinci saboda rashin kudi

Amma kuma 'yan gudun hijirar na bukatar sayen sauran abubuwa kamar kayan marmari da ganyaye, da kifi da kuma nama. Babu kasuwa, amma wasu 'yan kasar ta Bangladesh sun bude shaguna a tsibirin.

"Mu talakawa ne. Ba mu da wata hanyar samnun kudi da za mu sayi abinci da sauran abubuwa," in ji Halima.

Iyalan suna fuskantar matsaloli na kiwon lafiya. Halima ta shafe kwanaki bakwai a kwance babu lafiya bayan ta haihu.

"Ina shayar da jaririyata har na tsawon mako biyu. Daga nan sai ruwan nonon ya daina zuwa.''

Likita a karamin tsibirin da ke kan tsibirin y aba ta shawarar ta bai wa jaririyar madarar gwangwani, wacce kuma babu.

Ana bai wa jaririyar Halima madarar gwangwanin da ake bai wa jariran da suka girme ta, sai dai ba ta iya sha sosai.

Abin damuwa kuma, har ila yau Halima ba ta iya yi wa jaririyarta allurar riga-kafi ba.

Bunk beds inside a newly built refugee accommodation

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Bayanan hoto, Hukumomi a Bangladesh sun ce an fi samun ababen more rayuwa a tsibirin a kan sansanonin da ke cike da jama'a da ke Cox's Bazar

Yanzu haka kuma mijinta Enayet na fama da cutar sarkewar numfashi 'asthma'.

Halima ta kira dan uwanta Noor, wanda ke zaune a sansanin Kutupalong, ta nemi taimako daga gare shi ya samo musu magunguna ita da mijinta.

Noor ba zai iya aiko da magungunan ba; hanyar da ta fi ita ce, ya kawo da kan sa.

"Na yi rijistar sun ana don zuwa nan, don in samu in kai musu magungunan da suke bukata,'' in ji Noor.

Tafiya babu komowa

Amma kuma yanzu da yake ya kai musu kayan, ba dama Noor ya sake komawa.

A view of Bhasan Char island

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Jami'ai sun ce an gina gidaje 120 da ke iya jurewa mahaukaciyar guguwa - kowanne guda yana iya daukar mutum 1000

An kawo duka 'yan gudun hijirar kan tsibirin karkashin jagorancin sojojin ruwa, kuma babu wasu jiragen ruwan da za su sake mayar da su bakin titi.

Har yanzu gwamnatin Bangladesh ba ta bayyana yadda 'yan gudun hijirar za su iya yin wani bulaguro daga kan tsibirin ba.

Zanga-zangar 'yan gudun hijira

Sakamakon kadaicin da ke tattare da tsibirin da kuma rashin wasu ababan bukatu, 'yan gudun hijirar bas a ganin wani cigaba game da dorewar samun kudaden shiga ba tare da tallafin gwamnati ba.

Wata takaddama kan abinci kadan da aka bayar ta haifar da zanga-zangar farko a kan tsibirin, a mako na biyu a cikin watan Fabrairu.

BBC ta kalli faifen bidiyon zanga-zangar, da ke nuna matan da mazan Rohingya na bayyana bukatunsu cikin damuwa kana suna ta guje-guje dauke da sanduna suna ihu.

Mahukuntan sun boye faruwar al'amarin.

"Ba zanga-zanga ba ce,'' in ji Shah Rezwan Hayat, shugaban hukumar bayar da agaji da kuma mayar da 'yan gudun hijira (RRRC).

Ba zai yiwu 'yan gudun hijirar su koma ba idan suka je tsibiran

Asalin hoton, BBC

Bayanan hoto, Ba zai yiwu 'yan gudun hijirar su koma ba idan suka je tsibiran

"Sun zo a kungiyance sun karbi taimakonsu na wata-wata, daga nan suka bayyana damuwa game da batun hanyoyin samun kudin shigarsu."

Gwamnati ta ce ba da dadewa ba za a bullo da tsarin da zai samar da hanyoyin samun kudin shiga, kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na cikin gida arba'in ne suka yi rajistar neman izinin yin aiki da 'yan gudun hijirar.

Idan muka koma matsugunin Halima, ta gaji da jiran abubuwa su daidaita kana kasarta ta zama tamkar tarihi mai nisa.

A cewarta: "Mutane na cewa gwamnatin Myanmar ba za ta taba yarda mu koma ba. Amma ban damu ba, bana son komawa can."

Budadden kurkuku

Idan akwai wani wuri da za ta so zama, to ba dai tsibirin Bhasan Char ba.

"Ban taba zama a wuri irin wannan ba, kewaye da teku. Mun makale a nan. Ba za mu iya zuwa ko ina ba."

Duka 'yan gudun hijirar da suka yi hira da BBC ta wayar tarho sun ce idan aka ba su zabi za su koma Cox's Bazar da ke bakin hanya.

"Idan kana son ka zauna a babban kurkuku tare da iyalanka," in ji I Enayet, "wannan shi ne wurin."

An sauya sunayen a wannan labarin don karewa tare da boye ko su wane ne suka bayar da labarin.