'Nasigiye inkovu abana banje 6 nkoresheje amavuta ahindura uruhu'

Umuvyeyi wo mu buraruko bwa Nigeria biboneka ko ababaye aho ateruyeumwana wiwe w'imyaka ibiri yababutse ahandi azana ibirabagu mu maso no ku maguru.

Uyu muvyeyi w'imyaka 32 yakoresheje amavuta atera kugira inzobe ku bana biwe bose uko ari batandatu, aremerewe n'umuryango, ico vyatanze uno munsi akaba acicuza.

Fatima, izina ryiwe ryahinduwe ku mvo zo gukingira umuryango wiwe, avuga ko umwe mu bakobwa biwe yifuka mu maso igihe cose iyo agiye hanze kugirango ahishe ubushe bwiwe.

Uwundi yaciye yirabura kuruta uko yahora, aho iruhande y'amaso hari amabara yerurutse, nayo uwugira gatatu akaba afise inkovu zeragurika ku minwa no ku mavi.

Umucuko wiwe afise ibikomere bikimima- ivi ryiwe ryafashe umwanya munini gukira.

Fatima avuga ati: "Mwenewacu yavyaye abana b'inzobe, ariko abanje barirabura. Nabonye inakuru abakunda kurusha abanje, kubera uruhu rwabo, kandi vyarambabaza."

Avuga ko yakoresha amavuta yaguze kw'isoko ryo mu muji wa Kano, atandikiwe na muganga.

Ubwa mbere vyasa n'aho ayo mavuta yatuma bagira inzobe. Nyinakuru yari yatanguye no gukunda abana ba Fatima, bari hagati y'imyaka 2 na 16 ico gihe.

Ariko mu nyuma batangura gusha no kuzana inkovu.

Gutukuza uruhu canke kwitera inzobe, ibizwi nka mukorogo canke bleaching, bikorwa muri Nigeria no mu bice bitandukanye vy'isi ku barondera ubwiza, n'ubwo ibi kandi bifise n'imizi ikomeye mu muco.

Abagore muri Nigeria bakoresha amavuta atukuza uruhu kurusha ahandi mu bihugu vya Afrika - 77% barakoresha ubwo buryo buri gihe nk'uko ibiharuro vya OMS/WHO bibigaragaza.

Muri Congo-Brazzaville, bageze kuri 66%, muri Senegal 50% nayo muri Ghana ni 39 %.

Ayo mavuta ashobora kubamwo ivyo bita corticosteroids canke hydroquinone, bishobora gutera ingaruka iyo biri ku rugero runini, kandi mu bihugu vyinshi, amavuta arimwo izo corticosteroids na hydroquinone araboneka ariko umuntu ayandikikiwe na muganga nk'umuti (prescription medicale).

Ibindi bikoreshwa muri bene ayo mavuta ya mukorogo kandi navyo nyene bigira ingaruka nk'uburozi ni ubutare bwa mercure na kojic acid, ituruka mu kinyobwa gikorerwa mu Buyapani citwa sake.

Guhurirwa ku mubiri (Dermatitis), kwama uruhere (acne) no gutakaza ibara ry'uruhu (skin discolouration) ni bimwe mu ngaruka zo kwisiga bene ayo mavuta ya mukorogo, ariko hari n'ibindi bibazo bituruka ku kuziranirwa ku mubiri ndetse bigashobora no kwonona amafyigo.

Uruhu rurashobora guhera rukamera nk'uruvunguka, aho usanga n'ibikomere bimara igihe kinini kugirango bikire, kandi bikaba bishobora guterwa n'ubundi bwandu, nk' uko bivugwa n'ishirahamwe OMS.

Ikibazo kirakomeye muri Nigeria gushika n'aho ikigo kijejwe gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw'ibifungurwa n'imiti (Nafdac), cashizeho amategeko nk'ayo mu bihe bidasanzwe muri 2023.

Bisigaye ari ibisanzwe kandi ku bavyeyi gusiga mukorogo abana babo, nk'uko Fatima yabikoze.

Zainab Bashir Yau yabwiye BBC ko, "Abenshi bagereranyakugira inzobe n'ubwiza canke ubutunzi. Abagore bakunze gukingira abana babo iryo kumira mu kubasiga ayo mavuta atukuza uruhu kuva bakivuka".

Uyu muhinga mu kuvura ingwara z'uruhu, akaba afise n'ikibanza ca spa mu mugwa mukuru wa Nigeria, Abuja, agereranya ko ibice 80% vy'abagore bamaze guhura basize mukorogo abana babo, canke bategekanya kuyibasiga.

"Bamwe muri bo nabo barasizwe ibihindura uruhu rwabo bakiri abana, rero babandanya ivyo babayemwo", niko Zainab avuga.

Kimwe mu bikoreshwa cane mu kumenya ko umuntu yisiga ibimuhindura uruhu muri Nigeria, ni ukuntu baba birabura ku ngingo z'intoke. Ibicebice vy'ibirenge n'ibiganza vyabo bitera biba inzobe, ariko ingingo zikaguma zirabura.

Ariko n'aho biri uko, abakunda kunywa itabi canke ibiyayuramutwe nabo nyene akenshi bafise ibice vy'intoke vyirabura kubera umwotsi.

Rero abakoresha ibitukuza umubiri bashobora gufatwa nk'abari mu gitigiri c'abo bakoresha ibiyayuramutwe kandi atari vyo.

Amabara atandukanye ku ntoke z'abantu bakoresha mukorogo usanga asa n'ayo ku ntoke z'abanywa ibiyovyabwenge. Fatima avuga ko ari vyo vyashikiye abana biwe bari hagati y'imyaka 16 na 14.

"Vyatumye bakumirwa mu kibano, babatunga intoke bakabita abanywa ibiyayuramutwe. Ibi vyarabagizeko ingaruka cane", Fatima niko avuga..

Bose barahebanye n'abashaka kubaresha kubera abagabo badakunda kwitwa ko bagendana n'abagore bakekwa ko banywa ibiyayuramutwe.

Naragendeye isoko rizwi cane muri Kano, ahari abiyita mixologists, bacanga ibigize amavuta yo guhindura uruhu canke mukorogo.

Iryo soko ririmwo amaduka menshi aho usanga amavuta y'ubwoko ibihumbi bene ayo agurishwa.

Usanga ayamaze kuvangwa amanitse mu maduka, ariko abakiriya bashobora no kwitorera ibishirwa mu mavuta bashaka bikavangwa bahari babona.

Usanga amavuta menshi muri ayo, afise ivyandiko bivuga ko ari ayo gukoresha ku bana, aho baba bashizemwo urugero rugereranye rw'ibikoreshwa muri yo.

Abandi mu bakora ayo mavuta usanga bemera ko bakoreshejemwo ibintu bitandukanye nka kojic acid, hydroquinone na glutathione, ishobora guteza umubiri guhurirwa n'izindi ngaruka.

Haboneka n'abana b'abakobwa bakiri bato bagura ayo mavuta yo kwitukuza ku bwinshi kugirango bayagurishe ku bandi bagenzi babo.

Umugore umwe, afise amaboko yahindutse ibara, yavuze ashimitse ko umudandaza yongeye 'umuti' mu mavuta y'abana biwe yariko aravanga, kandi wari umuti wandikiwe kuja mu mavuta y'abantu bakuze, ukaba utemewe ku bana.

"N'ubwo amaboko yanje yahinduye ibara, ndi hano kugura ayandi mavuta y'abana banje, kugirango bazane inzobe. Nibaza ko amaboko yanje yabaye gutya kubera gukoresha amavuta atari yo. Nta kizoba ku bana banje". Ni ko uwo mukiriya avuga.

Umwe mu bagurisha ayo mavuta yavuze ko abakiriya bagura ayo mavuta kugirango abana babo "babengagirane", canke "batamure bayagayage".

Abenshi basa n'aho batazi urugero rwemewe n'amategeko uko rungana.

Umwe mu badandaza yavuze ko yakoresheje "urugero rununu rwa Kojic"- rurenze urwanditswe- mu gihe umuntu ashaka ko uruhu rwiwe ruzana inzobe cane, canke gakeya cane iyo ashaka gutamura gatoya.

Umwana w'umucuko wa Fatima aracavyinvye mu maso kubera amavuta yasizwe yo gutukuza uruhu, ibikomere bifata igihe kugirango bikire.

Urugero rwemewe rwa kojic Acid mu mavuta muri Nigeria ni urwa 1%, nk'uko bigenwa n'ikigo Nafdac.

Naranabonye abadandaza batera inshinge abakiriya b'abagore.

Dr Leonard Omokpariola, umuyobozi wa Nafdac, avuga ko hari utwigoro two kwigisha abanyagihugu ku vyerekeye ingaruka z'ayo 'mavuta'.

Avuga kandi ko hariko harategwa imikwabu mu masoko, kandi ko hari n' igikorwa co gufata ibikoreshwa muri ayo mavuta ahindura uruhu, bica ku mipaka ya Nigeria vyinjira mu gihugu.

Ariko avuga ko rimwe na rimwe bigoye, ku bajejwe kwubahiriza amategeko, kubona iyo miti.

"Bimwe usanga babitwara bitanditseko ku buryo umuntu ashobora kumenya ivyo ari vyo. Rero utabijanye kubipima muri laboratware (laboratoires) ngo ubisuzume, ntushobora kumenya ikirimwo".

Fatima avuga ko ivyo yakoze bizomugumamwo ubuzima bwose, cane cane niyo inkovu ziri ku bana biwe zitazimangana.

"Igihe nacira agace mama k'ivyo nakoreye abana n'uko vyabagendeye, kubera inyifato yiwe, amaze kuvyumva, yarababaye kubona baciye muri ibi kandi yansavye imbabazi". Niko uyu muvyeyi avuga.

Fatima yihaye intumbero yo gufasha abandi bavyeyi kwirinda amakosa nk'ayo yaguyemwo.

Agira ati : "N'ubwo nahagaritse… ingaruka ziracahari, ndasavvye abandi bavyeyi kundabirako akarorero (kobafasha kwirinda)".