Ubwoko bushasha bw'ibihara vy'inguge muri DR Congo 'bubangamye kurusha ubundi bwose'

Ubwoko bushasha bw'umugera w'indwara y'ibihara vy'inguge (mpox/variole du singe) uriko urakwiragira vuba mu buseruko bwa Repuburika ya Demokarasi ya Congo ''burateye umutima uhagaze cane'', nk'uko bivugwa n'abategetsi bakurukirana ingene uriko urakwiragira.

Uwo mugera, ushobora gutera uruhere ku mubiri wose, utuma abantu bamwe bamwe barwara bakaremba kandi ushobora kwica.

Icaduka gishasha candurutse mu kwandukirwa biciye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ariko hariho ivyemezo ko ubwo bwoko bushobora kwandukira mu gukoranako (kw'umubiri).

Abahinga b'amagara kw'isi bavuga ko ubwo bwoko bushasha bushobora kujabuka imbibe mbere bugakwira amakungu, umwe akaba avuga ko ''ari bwo bwa mbere bubangamye kuruta ubundi gushika ubu''.

Icaduka c'iyo ndwara ya mpox kw'isi yose mu 2022 catururujwe no guha urucanco/urukingo imigwi y'abantu bokarirwa kurusha abandi.

Ariko kuronka urucanco canke imiti muri Congo ntivyoroshe kandi abategetsi baho bagabisha ko uwo mugera ushobora gushika mu bindi bihugu.

''Iyo ndwara ishobora guca ku bibuga vy'indege. Umuntu afise uruhere ashobora kujabuka imbibe kuko ata kugenzura kuhari,'' bivugwa na Leandre Murhula Masirika, wo mu gisata c'amagara mu ntara ya Kivu y'Epfo - kamwe mu turere tugeramiwe cane muri Congo.

''Ndafise ubwoba cane ko izokwonona vyinshi gusumba.''

'Ivyago vy'uko ikwiragira'

Abafatwa n'iyo ndwara y'ibihara vy'inguge (mpox), kera yari izwi nka monkeypox, haheze imyaka mirongo baguma biyongera muri ico gihugu.

Ibiharuro bitangazwa n'ishami rya ONU riraba amagara kw'isi (OMS/HWO), vyerekana ko hamaze kwandura abantu hafi 8.000 muri Congo uyu mwaka, harimwo 384 bapfuye - hafi ica kabiri c'abo bakaba bari abana batarashikana imyaka 15.

Icaduka c'iyo ndwara mu ntara ya Kivu y'Epfo, hafi y'urubibe n'Urwanda, Uburundi na Uganda, kirateye umutima uhagaze mu buryo bwihariye.

Ibipimo vy'uwo mugera muri ako karere biheruka kwerekana ko ubwo bwoko bushasha bwa mpox, birimwo uko wahindutse bishobora kuwufasha guhererekanywa mu bantu.

Mu gisagara cimbwamwo ubutare ca Kamituga, aho ubwo bwoko bushasha vyibazwa ko ari ho bwazananye bwandurutse ku bagurisha imibonano mpuzabitsina (abamaraya) mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga (kw'icenda) mu 2023, abarwara baguma baba benshi. Abarwara ubu barimwo abanyeshure, abakozi bo mu mavuriro bitaho abarwayi ba mpox hamwe n'ingo aho usanga abazirimwo bose bafashwe.

Ubwo bwoko bushasha buramaze kugaragara mu bisagara vyinshi biri ku mupaka, harimwo Goma, gihana urubibe n'Urwanda.

OMS ivuga ko ''bushobora gutuma haba ikwiragira rijabuka imbibe mbere igashika no mu makungu bukongereza ivyago vy'uko abantu barwara bagasinzikara''.

Basigurira abamenyeshamakuru ibijanye n'ico caduka gishasha, abahinga mu bumenyi bavuze ko bafise ubwoba ko ubwo bwoko bushasha buriko burakwiragira vyoroshe gusumba ubundi, bugaca butera kurwara no kwica cane gusumba abana n'abakuze.

Hari kandi amakenga ko iyo ndwara ishobora gukwiragira ata bimenyetso bigaragaye hagatati y'abantu batagira ibimenyetso kandi batazi ko bafise uwo mugera.

Ibiharuro bihari ubu ni ''ubusunwa bw'umusozi munini utagaragara'', nk'uko bivugwa na Trudie Lang, umwigisha w'ubushakashatsi mu gisata c'amagara y'abantu kw'isi kuri kaminuza ya Oxford.

''Nta nkeka ko ari bwo bwoko bubangamye kurusha ubundi gushika ubu.

''Ntituzi abafatwa ntibagaragare ingene bangana.''

Ntiharamenyekana kandi umuvuduko ubwo bwoko bushasha bukwiragirako canke niba incanco zihari zizobukinga. Hazokenerwa igerageza kugira bimenyekane, ivyo navyo bizofata umwanya.

Mu caduka ca mpox cakwiragiye i Buraya na Amerika mu 2022, uwo mugera wari wandukiye uciye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina y'abagabo bagize imibonano mpuzabitsina n'abandi bagabo. Cari catewe n'ubwoko bw'umugera wa mpox bwitwa Clade II.

Ubwo bwoko bushasha buri mu bwoko bwica cane gusumba bwa Clade I ariko bukaba butandukanye n'ivyaduka vyari bimaze kuba muri ako karere. Bushobora kandi no kwandukira bidaciye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, ari naco gituma bubangamye kurusha ubundi.

Abana benshi baramaze gufatwa, harimwo n'abakivuka banduye bakiri mu nda.

Biravugwa ko hari abagore bakeya bafise inda banduye hanyuma zirakoroka.

Kandi abayirwaye basigaranye ingaruka zo ku gihe kirekire ku maso, ku rukoba no ku bice vy'igitsina.

Umwe mu bagore bakora kwa muganga yariko arasuzuma umurwayi bivugwa ko yahumye inyuma yo kwandura iyo ndwara nawe.

Mu bamaze kurwara muri Congo gushika ubu, ubwo bwoko bushasha bufise urugero rwo kwica rwa 4% mu bakuze na 10% mu bana.

Kutaronka incanco

John Claude Udahemuka, umwigisha kuri kaminuza y'Urwanda akurikirana ico caduka mu buseruko bwa Congo, avuga ko umuntu wa mbere yanduye ubwo bwoko bushasha ashobora kuba yari umugabo yagiranye imibonano mpuzabitsina n'umugore i Kamituga hanyuma n'abandi bagore mu bindi bibanza vyinshi bitandukanye.

Iyo ndwara yatanguye kuboneka mu gihe c'imvura igihe amabarabara yari mabi hanyuma abantu ntibatembere cane. Yagabishije ko abandura bashobora kuba benshi gusumba muri iki gihe c'ici, na cane cane mu gihe c'uburuhuko bw'abanyeshuri.

Masirika wo mu gisata c'amagara y'abantu muri Kivu y'Epfo avuga ati: ''Twokingira abagurisha imibonano mpuzabitsina hamwe n'abakora kwa muganga, nibaza ko abandura bogabanuka.''

Abashakashatsi b'Abanyafrika basaba ko haba igikorwa cihuse co kwongereza ubushakashatsi kuri mpox no kwihutisha itangwa ry'incanco.

Mu minsi iheze, OMS yavuze ko kuba icaduka ca mpox muri Congo kibandanya biteye impungenge cane.

Yerekana uko abanyagihugu ata vyinshi bazi kuri iyo ndwara, ubukene bw'ibikoreho vyo kuyivura n'incanco n'ingene ico gihugu gisanzwe gifise ibindi vyinshi vyihutirwa mu gisagara c'amagara y'abantu nka bimwe mu mvo z'uko kwaduka kw'ubwoko bushasha.

Ivyago bijanye na mpox muri Congo ''biracari ku rugero rwo hejuru'', nk'uko ivuga.