Barahenzwe, baranyuruzwa, bafatwa nabi: Ni ibiki bibera muri aya mashure y'abayabaga b''ibigaba' mu Bushinwa

Kugabisha: Mu bivugwa muri iyi nkuru harimwo n'ivyerekeye ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina, ku mubiri, hamwe n'ibijanye no kwiyahura.

Umutima wa Baobao urasimba iyo yumvise akamoto k'ivu inyuma y'imvura yo mu gatondo.

Bimwibutsa imyimenyerezo ya mbere ya gisirikare yagirishwa inyuma y'amarembo yugaye - n'ubwoba budahera bwaranga buri musi wiwe kw'ishure Quality Education School (twogereranya mu kirundi na "Ishure ry'Uburezi Bwiza") rya Lizheng.

Mu kiringo c'amezi atandatu, afise imyaka 14, asa n'uwutigeze acaruka ngo ave muri iyo nyubakwa y'amabara yera n'ayatukura, mu kigwati ca kure co mu Bushinwa aho abarimu bagerageza "gusubiza ku murongo" abayabaga bafatwa n'imiryango yabo nk'ibigaba canke abagorana.

Avuga ko abanyeshure batakurikiza amategeko bakubitwa cane gushika n'aho bamara imisi badashobora kuryama bagaramye canke ngo bicare.

Baobao, ubu afise imyaka 19 agakoresha n'izina ryahinduwe ku mvo z'umutekano, avuga ko "akanya kose wari umuruho".

Ashimangira ko hageze igihe ashaka kwiyahura kandi ko azi n'abandi banyeshure babigerageje.

Basambanijwe ku nguvu barakubitwa

Itohoza rya BBC Eye ryashize ahabona amakuru menshi ajanye n'abavuga ko basinzikarijwe ubuzima muri iryo shure n'ayandi akorana naryo, hamwe n'amakuru yerekeye abayabaga banyurujwe bajanwa ku nguvu muri ivyo bigo.

Haraciye imyaka myinshi igihano co gukubita gikuweho mu Bushinwa. Ariko twararonse intahe z'abahoze ari abanyeshure 23 bavuga ko bahabwa ibihano bibabaza umubiri harimwo gukubitwa canke bagategekwa kugira imyimenyerezo irenze urugero. Umwe avuga ko yasambanijwe ku nguvu, abandi babiri, harimwo Baobao, bavuga ko bagiriwe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, bompi bakemeza ko babikorewe n'abigisha.

Amashusho yafashwe mw'ibanga yarerekanye ingene abakozi b'ico kigo biyoberanya bakigira abategetsi kugira barungike abana muri ico kigo ku nguvu.

Abanyeshure 13 bavuga ko banyurujwe n'abakozi b'ico kigo bari bigize abapolisi canke abategetsi, ibi bakabikora bavyumvikanyeko n'abavyeyi b'abo bana.

Aya makuru - ava mu biganiro vya BBC World Service, amatangazo yegeranijwe n'abaharanira uburenganzira, ivyegeranyo vy'igipolisi n'ibinyamakuru vya reta - yerekeye amashure atanu. Aya, ni igice c'umugwi w'amashure n'imiburiburi 10, yose yarongowe canke afitaniye isano n'uwahoze ari umusirikare yitwa Li Zheng.

Ivyo bigo biri mu bigize urudandaza ruriko ruratera imbere cane. Bene rwo bemerera abavyeyi bihebuye ko, hishimikijwe indero ishingiye ku nyigisho zigomba gusa n'iza gisirikare, bashobora gutorera inyishu ingorane z'abana babo b'ibigaba, abiziziwe na internet, abaresha bakiri abana n'abari mu gahinda, hamwe n'abarondera kumenya ico bari mu bijanye n'ubuzima bw'igitsina. Bamwe mu bavyeyi barungikayo abana barenza imyaka 18, basanzwe bafatwa n'amategeko nk'abakuze.

Urukurikirane rw'ibivugwa ko ari amabi rwaravuzwe cane mu binyamakuru vyo mu Bushinwa mu myaka iheze, ku mashure ya Li Zheng n'ayandi.

Gake cane, harabaye abafatwa n'ibigo bikugarwa, ariko ayo mashure ashobora guca yugururwa yahawe ayandi mazina canke akugururirwa mu bundi burere kubera itunganya ry'iki gisata risa n'iryagoranye. BBC yaramenye ko Li yahagaritswe mu ntango z'uwu mwaka, ariko abo bakorana baherutse kwugurura irindi shure.

Ntitwashoboye gutora kuri terefona amakompanyi n'abantu ku giti cabo bari muri iri huriro. Abandi na bo baranse kugira ico bashikirije. Ubuserukizi bw'Ubushinwa mu Bwongereza bwabwiye BBC ko ibigo vyose bikorera mu gisata c'indero n'uburezi bisabwa kwisunga amategeko.

Isaka ry'umubiri 'riteye isoni'

Baobao avuga ko nyina wiwe yamujanye kw'iryo shure "Quality Education" rya Lizheng mu ntara ya Hunan igihe yatangura kuja arasiba kw'ishure, ivyatumye haba ugushwana gukomeye hagati y'abo bompi bituma imigenderanire bari bafitaniye, yari isanzwe imeze nabi, yononekara gusumba.

Amenyesha ko nyina wiwe yaciye yigira igihe bariko baramutembereza muri iryo shure, hakaba ari na ho yaciye abona ko atari arekuriwe gusohoka: "Bambwiye ko ni nigenza neza nshobora kuzohabwa uruhusha rwo gusohoka".

Baobao ashimangira ko ubwa mbere yagerageje gukubita imigere n'ingumu abarezi ariko mu nyuma yahavuye afata ingingo yo guca bugufi abonye bariko bagerageza kumusubiza ku murongo babanje kumuboha bakoresheje imigozi y'ibirato vyiwe. Mu nyuma baciye bamusaka.

Adondora uburyo yasatswemwo nk'ikubagurwa rishingiye ku gitsina. " Ryari riteye isoni rwose...yarankabakavye ibihimba vyose vy'ibanga".

Avuga ko nyina wiwe yarishe hafi ibihumbi 40 vy'ama-yuan ($5,700) kugira amare amezi atandatu muri ico kigo, kandi ko atigeze ahabwa icigwa na kimwe kijanye n'inyigisho zo mw'ishure. Ni ibigo bike vyakira abana b'ibigabausanga bitanga izi nyigisho, kandi na bimwe bimwe bizitanga bica bisaba ayandi mafaranga arengako.

Iri shure riracakora ukuri kwamye, ariko ubu ryitwa Quality Education for Teenagers (ishure ritanga inyigisho z'akanovera ku bayabaga), rikaba rifise abanyeshure 300 b'imyaka iva ku munani gushika kuri18.

Amashusho y'imbere muri ico kigo yarafashwe n'umugore yigize umuvyeyi ariko arondera kwandikisha umwana wiwe w'imyaka 15, ariko mu vyukuri uwo mwana ntiyabaho. Yasiguye ko uwo mwana yanywa itabi, akagendera cane mu bakobwa, agatwara n'imodoka yiwe.

Yeretswe inzugi zugaye ku ngazi, inzitiro z'ivyuma ku nzira zo hanze, na kamera (camera) ziguma zireretse uburaro aho abana baruhukira, aho bambarira n'aho bogera.

Umwe mu bakozi yamubwiye ko bishobora gutwara n'imiburiburi amezi atandatu kugira inyifato y'aba bana b'intumva isubizwe ku murongo, ariko ko kuri "garanti y'imyaka itatu" ashobora kugarukana umwana wiwe akamurihira gusa imfungurwa n'uburaro bigaragaye ko yasubiye kwadukana ya ngeso ya kera.

Yasabwe kutamubwira [umuhungu wiwe] ikintu na kimwe cerekeye iri shure rishasha. Umwe mu bakozi yagize ati: "Iyo tuje kubatora [abo bana], turababeshabesha".

Yashimangiye [wa mugore] ko abarezi bashobora kwigira nk'abakozi bo mu gisata kijejwe "kugenzura internet" bakabwira nk'umwana ko bipfuza ko bamukeneye kugira abafashe mu matohoza bariko baragira, gurtyo bakabona kumujana muri ca kigo. Abandanya ati: "Ibi vyanse, abigisha benshi baca bamukoranira bakamujana gushika mu modoka".

Uwundi munyeshure, Zhang Enxu, ubu afise imyaka 20, avuga ko na we nyene ibisa n'ivyo vyamushikiye igihe yajanwa ku rindi shure rikorana n'aya yandi.

Ku myaka 19 ico gihe, yari yaromotse kubera gutuntuzwa n'ukuntu abavyeyi bari baranse kumwemera nk'uwihinduye igitsina kandi yafashe ingingo yo kubaho nk'umugore. Akivuka yari yanditswe nk'umuhungu. Avuga ko yari yagarutse muhira aje kwifatanya n'umuryango ku rugendo wari wagize ugiye kuraba imva ya inakuru, igihe abagabo batatu biyita abapolisi baca barenguka, bamubwira ko amakuru yiwe yari yakoreshejwe mu busuma.

Agira ati: "Baciye bankwegera mu modoka ku nguvu. Abavyeyi bari bahagaze aho baraba ingene banjana".

Yajanywe kw'ishure rya Shengbo Youth Psychological Growth Training ryo mu ntara ya Hunan, aho avuga ko yakubiswe, ivyatumye ugutwi kumwe gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwumva, mu nyuma na ho ngo afatwa ku nguvu.

Mu mashusho yafashwe mu mpisho kw'ishure Baobao yahoze yigako, umwe mu bakozi agaragara ariko avuga ko ata vyo gukubita: "Duhindura inyifato y'urwaruka dukoresheje imyimenyerezo ya gisirikare no kubahanura".

Ariko Baobao na Enxu badondora ibitandukanye n'ivyo.

Baobao avuga ko "Igihano co gukubita camaho". Abandanya agira ati: "Nimba intambo yawe canke igipfusi utera bidatumbera neza, canke ukabikora nabi, utegerezwa guhanwa".

Yavuze ko abarezi bashobora gukoresha umuringoti, bakawuduza hejuru y'umutwe imbere yo "kuwumanurira n'inguvu" ku banyeshure bagenzi we. "Aho bagukubise haca hirabura. Urakoboka cane".

Ama video BBC yaronse kandi yashoboye kugenzura, yafatiwe muri rimwe mu mashure ya Li Zheng, yerekana abigisha bakiriza inkoni hejuru cane bakubita ku ntoke z'umunyeshure.

Enxu avuga ko abanyeshure bategekwa kugira imyimenyerezo ngororamubiri "irenze urugero". Avuga ko bahabwa amabwirizwa yo gukora imyimenyerezo ya pompaje gushika ku gihumbi ari ho bagitangura.

Yemeza kandi ko yigeze guterwa n'umwigisha yariko arakora akazi mu masaha y'ijoro: "Yamfashe umushatsi aca ankwegera hasi, aca atangura kunkubagura mu buryo bushingiye ku gitsina".

Baobao avuga ko yigeze gushaka kwiyahura, ariko aca abona ko, mu mwanya vyari kumutwara kugira acikane, yari kuba yamaze gutabwa muri yompi.

Yemeza ko umwe mu banyeshure bagenzi we yagerageje kwiyahura, ariko ngo aho abigisha bomujanye kwa muganga, bihutiye kumudahisha kugira bamukuremwe ivyo yari yariye.

Baobao na Enxu bompi basigura ibihe vyo kubumviriza no kubaha impanuro nk'ibihe ata mpuwe canke kubatahura na gutoya vyarimwo.

Hageze ibihe vyo kuganiriza no guhanura Enxu harafatwa ama video arungikirwa abavyeyi biwe, avuga ko bari barishe ama yuan 65,800 ($9,300) ku mezi atandatu.

"Ba umwana w'akanyamuneza, w'amagara meza, umuhungu afise umutima mwiza. Turumvikanye? Ni ko bamubwiye. " Uri umuhungu, ingenze nk'umuhungu...nezerwa".

Baobao avuga ko igihe yabwira uwuriko aramwumviriza ko yahatswe kwiyahura, inyishu yahawe yari: "Iyo uba uwuja gupfa, ntiwari kuba wicaye aha imbere yanje".

Yibaza ati: "Ico ni ikintu umuntu w'impuhwe yovuga? Ubwo ni abantu koko?"

Abo bana bompi bagumye bibaza ingene vyagenze ngo abavyeyi babo babajane mu bintu nk'ivyo.

Nyina wa Enxu yaraturikishije ararira igihe yariko ariganira BBC ko umuryango "wahemukiwe" afatiye ku vyo ishure ryari ryaramwemereye. "Ntimwivye amahera y'umuntu gusa, mwasambuye n'umuryango wiwe, mutuma haba gucanamwo".

Ukuremerwa n'ikibano kiba cipfuza ko abana bagira amanota menshi mu mashure bigira uruhara ruruni mu ngingo abavyeyi bafata – na cane cane mu miryango yo mu bisagara itifashe – mu kurungika abana babo mu mashure yo kubasubiza ku murongo w'indero, nk'uko bivugwa na Yichen Rao, yanonosoye ivyigwa vy'imico n'imigenzo kuri kaminuza ya Utrecht mu Buholandi.

Yaragize umwihwezo ku bigo bifasha urwaruka rwiziziwe na internet mu Bushinwa. Avuga ko ukubura ubufasha mu mashure, agahinda n'indyane mu miryango bishobora kufatangana bigatuma abavyeyi "bumva ko ata yindi nzira basigaranye".

Nyina wa Baobao yaranse kugira ico ashikirije. Umukobwa wiwe avuga ko ubu ashobora "gutahura impande zompi": "Nibaza ko yahenzwe n'ivyivugo biryoshe vyo kumenyekanisha iryo shure. Yari yarahebuye, yibaza ko ntazoba umwana yumvira ...umukobwa yamye yipfuza".

Baobao yarashoboye kuva muri iryo shure akoresheje umukenyuro wo kwerekana ko afise ingorane y'ijisho. Aribuka ko nyina wiwe yivugiye gusa ati "reka tuvyibagire", bituma [Baobao] agumana ishavu n'amadidane.

Amabaruwa yakwiragiye hose

Amakuba ya Enxu yarangiye inyuma y'ukwezi. Abagenzi biwe babonye atakiboneka baca bitura igipolisi, naco gica kiramurondera iyo ari mu nyuma gisohora ama video yiwe ari kuri iryo shure. Umugenzi wiwe Wang Yuhang yashoboye kumenya iryo shure igihe yabaza mu migwi yo kumbuga hwaniro ibijanye n'umwambaro w'ishure usa n'urwatsi rubisi yari yambaye.

Enxu yarashoboye gushira ahabona ibiriko biramushikira abicishije mu makete yagiye yandika agasohokanwa mw'ibanga ntangere agashirwa ku mbuga hwaniro. Ayo makete yarahanahanywe cane abavyiyamiriza nabo bagenda bongerekana, igipolisi gihava kija gutabara gurtyo abona kwemererwa kuvayo.

Inyuma y'imisi cumi n'ibiri, abategetsi batangaje ko bugaye ishure rya Shengbo, ariko nta na kimwe bigeze bavuga ku bijanye n'iburabuzwa rya Enxu. Basiguye gusa ko iryo shure ryugawe kubera ryahonyanze amategeko.

Avuga ko igipolisi camubwiye y'uko Li Zheng yahavuye ahagarikwa, yagirizwa kugira uruhara mu bukozi bw'ikibi buba bwateguwe. Igipolisi nticishuye ku busabe bwa BBC ko cotanga amakuru yerekeye ivyashikiye Enxu na Li. Igisata kijejwe indero mu karere na co nyene nticishuye.

Umugabo Li ntiyiyerekana nk'umuntu azwi cane canke akomeye. BBC yarihweje ihuriro ry'amashure yiwe isanga rifise amashure yibanda ku gutanga indero mu ntara zine biciye mu rusobangane rw'amakompanyi amwanditseko canke akandikwa kuri ba somambike biwe.

Yashinze ikigo ciwe ca mbere mu 2006 kandi yigeze kuba afise amakompanyi ane atandukanye atanga indero mu bihe bitandukanye.

Urubuga rwa rimwe mu mashirahamwe yiwe ruvuga ko afise impapuro z'umutsindo yakuye mw'ishure ryigisha abasirikare barwanira mu kirere mu Bushinwa, kandi ko amaze kugenwa mu mabanga nk' " umuyobozi ajejwe imyimenyerezo" hamwe n'ayo kuba "umuhanuzi mukuru ajejwe ivy'inyifato" mu mashure atandukanye kuva muri 2007.

Ku mboneshakure yo mu ntara ya Hunan, yarigeze kugaragara ariko avuga ku kamaro ko kurera urwaruka hakoreshejwe "urukundo no kwihangana".

Abategetsi bo mu Bushinwa barigeze guhaguruka barafata ingingo, bivuye ku vyavugwa ku mashure yo muri iryo huriro.

Umwigisha wo ku rindi shure rya Li Zheng yarafashwe arapfungwa n'igipolisi muri 2019 inyuma y'ivyavuzwe ko yari yakubise abanyeshure akoresheje umuringoti w'amazi.

Vyongeye, nk'uko bitangazwa n'ibinyamakuru vyo mu Bushinwa, ishure Baobao yigako ryategetswe guhagarika kwakira abanyeshure inyuma y'aho hari umunyeshure yiyahuye muri 2020. [Baobao] ni ho yari ico gihe kandi avuga ko ryabandanije rikora inyuma y'ico kiringo. Ryahinduye izina imisi mike inyuma y'aho.

Mu Zhou, umukorerabushake aba muri Australie afasha gukurikirana no kwegeranya ibivugwa bijanye n'ihohotera, avuga ko "iyo abantu benshi bahagurutse bakavyiyamiriza, [Li Zheng] aca ahindura izina canke agahindura uwuseruka imbere y'amategeko". Avuga kandi ko abanyeshure baguma bimurwa bavanwa mu kigo bakajanwa mu kindi mu ntumbero yo kwirinda igenzurwa.

'Inyungu nini cane'

Abashakashatsi bakora mu mpisho baragendeye igishobora kuba ari ikigo gishasha giherutse gushingwa congewe ku mugwi w'amashure ya Li Zheng.

Bigize nk'abanyamitahe bakorera mu gisata c'indero muri Hong Kong , abo bashakashatsi barashoboye kubonana n'abahoze ari abakozi bo ku mashure ya Li Zheng, mw'ishure rishasha bashinze muri Fujian.

"Inyungu muri uru rudandaza ni nini cane", Li Yunfeng, umuyobozi mukuru ajejwe kwumviriza no guhanura kw'iryo shure rishasha, ni ko yababwiye. Yasiguye ingene mwene urwo rudandaza rwogenda neza i Hong Kong, yerekana ukuntu umunyeshure umwe yoshobora kurihishwa n'imiburiburi $25,000 ku mwaka.

Yaranse kuvuga izina ry'umukoresha wabo, ariko yavuze ko ari "inzobere".

Yasa n'uwushaka kwitandukanya n'iryo huriro, yamara akabwira abo bashakashatsi bo mu mpisho ati: "Harabaye utuntu tumwe tumwe twagoranye. Abavyeyi baritwaye. Ihuriro....n'ubwo ritarugara, riri hafi gutembagara. Ni co gituma narivuyemwo".

BBC ntiyashoboye kuronka Li Zheng, Li Yunfeng n'ayandi mashure canke amakompanyi afitaniye isano na Li Zheng canke abo bakorana kugira bagire ico bavuze, n'ubwo yagerageje kubarondera incuro nyinshi.

Umukozi yatanze uburenganzira bwo kugendera ishure Quality Education ry'abayabaga yaranse kugira ico ashikirije. Igisata ca reta kijejwe gukurikirana iri shure muri aka karere BBC ntiyashoboye kukironka, n'ubwo yagerageje mu buryo bwose bushoboka.

Kugenzura mwene ibi bigo bijejwe gusubiza abayabaga ku murongo w'indero ntivyoroshe. Bimwe ntibiba vyasavye impusha nk'amashure. Ububasha bwo kubikurikirana no kubigenzura bugabuwe hagati y'igisata kijejwe indero, ikijejwe ivy'imibano n'urwego rukurikirana ibijanye n'amasoko, nk'uko bishikirizwa n'umushingwamanza wo mu Bushinwa yegereye amadosiye y'imanza z'abamaze gushengeza ivyo bigo, ariko adashima ko avugwa izina.

Dr Rao avuga ko kuba ata mategeko yihariye ahari ajejwe ivyo bigo bisubiza abayabaga ku murongo w'indero, ububasha bwo kubigenzura buca bumera nk'ubwegukira reta.

Adondora ivyo bigo nk' "uruganda rukorera mu rufuri ariko reta ikarurenzako uruhu rw'amaso". Ashimangira ko reta ishobora kuba kumbure idashaka gushiraho amategeko abigenga kubera yoba isa n'iyivyemeje icese.

N'ubwo biri uko, abandanya avuga ko hari "imigwi" y'amashure akora neza ku buryo usanga afise n'ibisata bikurikirana amagara yo mu mutwe y'abanyeshure agahugura n'abavyeyi, canke agahana abakozi bakubita abanyeshure.

Ubuserukizi bw'Ubushinwa mu Bwongereza buvuga ko reta "iha agaciro kanini ugukurikiza amategeko mu bigo bitanga indero no gukingira abakiri bato". Buvuga ko ibigo vyose vy'uburezi "bisabwa kwisunga amategeko abereye n'amabwirizwa".

'Birababaje cane'

Enxu n'umugenzi wiwe Wang bipfuza ko ibigo vyose bikora ibijanye no gusubiza abayabaga ku murongo w'indero vyugarwa. Baguma begeranya ama video arimwo ivyemezo vy'ihohotera canke bijanye no kunyuruza, bakizera ko bikwiye kugira ngo igipolisi gitangure amatohoza. Rimwe rimwe, izo video barazishira no ku mbuga hwaniro.

Wang kenshi ariturwa n'abanyeshure. Ahora abafasha mu bijanye n'uburyo bwo kugerageza gutoroka canke agatera igitsure amashure kugira arekure abanyeshure.

Baobao ntiyigeze asubira kw'ishure, avuga ko bituma yumva amerewe "nabi cane". Ubu atunzwe no gukora ibiganiro vy'ama video bica kuri internet no gukina imikino yo kuri internet nyene. Yibaza ko aba yaragiye muri kaminuza iyo ataba yararungitswe kw'ishure Lizheng Quality Education.

Avuga ko " aya mashure ahanini ari ubusuma".

"Iciyumviro kiza imbere ya vyose muri aya mashure ni uko guhana canke kubabaza ari ibintu bihindura inyifato mbi ... harimwo ukwihenda gukomeye", ni ko avuga imbere yo gushimangira ko "adakwiye kubaho".

Alex Mattholie na Shanshan Chen baraterereye muri iyi nkuru