Inkoto (chimpanzees) zirafise uburyo ziharije bwo 'guhanahana amakuru mu kuvuza ingoma'

Inkuru ya Victoria Gill

Umunyamakuru w'ubuhinga mu bumenyi, BBC News

Abashakashatsi bakurikiranye bakaniga izo nkoto zo mu mashamba y’inzitane yo muri Uganda basanze ivyo bikoko bivuza ingoma ku mizi y’ibiti mu kurungikira ibindi ubutumwa.

Abo bahinga mu bumenyi bavuga yuko umwihariko w’umudiho izo nkoto zivuza utuma zirungika ubutumwa ahantu kure, zigatangaza aho ziri n’izo ari zo, hamwe n’ico ziriko zirakora.

Ivyo vyatahuwe vyasohowe mu kinyamakuru The Journal Animal Behaviour.

Dr Catherine Hobaiter wo kuri kaminuza ya St Andrews muri Scotland yasiguye yuko inkoto zo mw’ishamba zikoresha imizi y’ibiti nk’igice kinini co kuvugirizako ingoma zikoresheje intoke zazo n’ibirenge.

Yabariye ikiganiro Inside Science ca BBC Radio 4 ati : “Iyo ukubise imizi y’igiti n’inguvu nyinshi, irasamirana igasohora ijwi riri hasi, risa n’iriva mu mubindi, rigashika kure mw’ishamba”.

Abandanya agira ati: “Kenshi twarashobora kumenya [inkoto] iriko iravuza ingoma iyo twayumva; vyari ibintu bihimbaye kuba twarashobora kubona inkoto zitandukanye twarondera. Rero niba twarashobora kuzimenya, nta gukekeranya ko nazo zamenyana.”

Buri nkoto y’ingabo, nk’uko abo bahinga mu bumenyi babibonye, ikoresha umurisho wihariye mu kuvuza ingoma. Zivanga uwo murisho n’amajwi arangurukira kure azwi mu congereza nka pant-hoots. Izindi nkoto zica zivuza ingoma mu bihe bitandukanye mu guhamagara kwazo.

Uwayoboye ubu bushakashatsi, umunyeshure wo ku rwego rwa PhD, Vesta Eleuteri, wo kuri kaminuza ya Vienna muri Autriche (Austria), aravuga ukuntu zimwe muri izo nkoto zivuza umudiho wisubiriza cane, wogereranywa n’ingoma zivuzwa muri rock na blues, mu gihe izindi usanga zifise umudiho uhindagurika, nka jazz.

Agira ati: “Naratangaye mbonye nshobora kumenya inkoto yariko iravuza ingoma iyo ari yo nyuma y’indwi nkeyi gusa ndi mw’ishamba”.

Arabandanya ati: “Ariko imidiho y’ingoma zazo irihariye cane ku buryo vyoroshe kuzitandukanya.”

Madamu Eleuteri avuga kuri imwe mu nkoto zikiri ntoyi, abashakashatsi bataziriye Tristan, agira ati: “Ni John Bonham (umuhisi yahoze avuza ingoma mu mugwi Led Zeppelin) wo mw’ishamba”.

Ati: "Ivuza umurisho n’inguvu nyinshi cane yungikanya kandi ugashobora kumenya uwo murisho uri kure cane, ukaba rero ushobora no kumenya yuko ari Tristan iriko iravuza ingoma.”

Dr Hobaiter agira ati: “Iyo uriko uraratira ubuhinga bwawe ku bagukikuje – iyo uriko iriyereka – urashobora kudashima yuko inkoto y’ingabo ikurusha igikenye iri aho hafi yomenya uwo uri we. Ntiwoshima gushira ahabona umukenyuro wawe muri ubwo buryo”.

Yongerako yuko gutegera ko inkoto zivuza ingomba muri ubu buryo bishobora kuzotorera umuti ikibazo c’amayobera kimaze igihe kirekire kijanye n’itumanako: inkoto zo mw’ishamba iyo zihuye ziraramukanya, ariko zisa n’izitabwirana “ni agasaga” iyo zivanye ziri mw'ishamba.

Dr Hobaiter arasigura ati: “Inkoto zirashobora kuba zidakenera gusezerana, kuko zirashoboye neza cane kuguma zivugana ziri kure na kure.”

“Ubu buryo bwo gutumanako bwa kure buha inkoto ubushobozi bwo kumenya amakuru yazo. Ivyo birashobora kudufasha gutegera kimwe mu bintu twahora twibaza yuko ari co gishingiyeko ubudasa hagati y’inkoto n’abantu, kandi bikadufasha gutahura igituma ubwo budasa bwoba bwarashitse.”