Amashusho yerekana ingene aba Taliban bagiye bafata uturere twa Afghanistan

Aba Taliban bongeye kwigarurira uturere tutari duke muri Afghanistan mu mezi abiri aheze gusumba ibindi bihe vyose kuva birukanywe ku butegetsi mu 2001.

Mu myaka irenga 20, ikarata yerekana uturere twa Afghanistan bagenzura yagiye ihinduka. Hano turarabira hamwe ishusho igenda ihindagurika y'ingene buri ruhande ruhagaze.

Biboneka ko aba Taliban bagize inguvu zidasanzwe mu ndwi nkeya ziheze bivuye ku itahukanwa ry'abasirikare ba Amerika - bituma bigarurira uturere tutari duke twari mu minwe y'ingabo za reta.

Amatohoza yakozwe n'igisata ca BBC gitangaza ibiganiro kuri Afghanistan, yerekana ko aba barwanyi ubu bashinze rukaguma mu gihugu cose, harimwo uburaruko n'uburaruko bushira ubuseruko, hamwe n'intara zo hagati nka Ghazni na Maidan Wardak.

Barasugereje kandi ibisagara bikuru bikuru nka Kunduz, Herat, Kandahar na Lashkar Gah.

Abasirikare ba Amerika bafashanije n'incuti zabo za OTAN/NATO n'iz'akarere barirukanye aba Taliban ku butegetsi mu kwa cumi na rimwe mu 2001.

Uwu murwi wari uhaye indaro Osama Bin Laden n'abandi bategetsi ba al-Qaeda bafise uruhara mu bitero vyakozwe muri Amerika ku wa 11 z'ukw'icenda 2001.

Ariko n'aho ingabo mvamakungu zagumye mu karere, amamiriyoni n'amamiriyoni y'amadorari agasohoka mu ntumbero yo gushigikira no kwigisha ingabo za Afghanistan, aba Taliban bariyegeranije, buke buke bagenda bashinga ibirindiro mu turere turi kure mu musozi.

Uturere nyamukuru bashinzemwo ibirindiro turi mu micungararo y'ahahoze ibirindiro vyabo mu bumanuko no mu bumanuko bushira uburengero - mu buraruko bw'intara ya Helmand, intara za Kandahar, Uruzgan, na Zabul, hamwe no mu misozi yo mu bumanuko bw' intara ya Faryab iri mu buraruko bushira uburengero, hamwe no mu misozi ya Badakhshan iri mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko.

Icigwa cakozwe na BBC mu 2017 cerekana ko aba Taliban bari bafise mu minwe uturere tutari duke. Ariko kandi amatohoza yerekana ko bari no mu tundi turere tw'igihugu, bakora ibitero buri ndwi canke ukwezi mu turere tumwe tumwe, ibi bikerekana ko bari bafise inguvu zidasanzwe ugereranije n'uko vyibazwa.

Ico gihe, abantu hafi imiriyoni 15 - inusu y'abanyagihugu bose - bavugwa ko baba mu turere tugenzurwa n'aba Taliban canke twakoreramwo aba Taliban babandanya bakora ibitero ku ngabo za reta.

None aba Taliban baragumana uturere bigaruriye?

N'aho ubu bafise uturere twinshi gusumba utwo bari bafise kuva mu 2001, ibintu ku rubuga ntibitahuritse neza.

Mu turere reta itashobora guhangana n'aba Taliban, vyabaye ngombwa ko ikura akarenge. Hari utundi twafashwe ku munwa w'inkoho.

Aho reta yashoboye kwiyubaka ikegeranya ingabo zayo hamwe n'imirwi y'abarwanyi bashigikiye reta, yarashoboye kwisubiza uturere tumwe tumwe yari yaratswe - canke naho intambara muri utwo turere zirabandanya.

N'aho ingabo hafi zose za Amerika zakuye akarenge mu kwa gatandatu, hari bakeya basigaye i Kabul (umugwa mukuru) kandi indege za Amerika zibandanya zikora ibitero ku birindiro vy'aba Taliban kuva mu misi mike iheze.

Ingabo za reta zigenzura cane cane ibisagara n'uturere biri mu biyaya no mu tubande tw'inzuzi - ari naho abanyagihugu bose basanzwe batuye.

Uturere turi mu minwe y'aba Taliban usanga tudatuwemwo n'abantu benshi, aho usanga twinshi tubamwo abantu bari musi ya 50 ku kirometero kwadarato kimwe.

Reta ivuga ko yarungitse izindi ngabo mu bisagara bikuru bikuru vyugarijwe n'aba Taliban kandi ko yahagaritse uruja n'uruza mw'ijoro mu kiringo c'ukwezi kwose hafi mu gihugu cose kugira ngo ibuze aba Taliban gutera ibisagara.

N'aho baboneka ko basugereje cane ibisagara bimwe bimwe nka Herat na Kandahar, abaTaliban ntibarashobora kwigarurira na kimwe. Gusa, kubona bagenda bigarurira ubutaka bibaha inguvu mu biganiro kandi bigatuma baronka amafaranga mu makori batoza hamwe n'imitungo banyaga mu ntambara.

Igitigiri c'abasivire kitari bwabeho baramaze kwicwa muri iyi ntambara kuva mu ntango z'uno mwaka. Ishirahamwe ONU ryagiriza aba Taliban n'iyindi mirwi irwanya reta ko ari bo bagandaguye benshi mu basivire 1600.

Izi ntambara zatumye abanyagihugu batari bake bata izabo - abarenga 300.000 barataye izabo kuva mu ntango z'uno mwaka. Ishirahamwe ryitaho impunzi kw'isi, HCR/UNHCR, rivuga ko biteze ikindi gico c'abanyagihugu bata izabo mu ntara za Badakhshan, Kunduz, Balkh, Baghlan na Takhar mu gihe aba Taliban bagenda bigarurira uturere two mu misozi.

Hari abanyagihugu bamwe bahungira mu mitumba n'uturere twa hafi bagaca bagaruka inyuma y'imisi mike, ariko abandi bakaguma mu makambi bahungiyemwo mu kiringo kanaka. Itororokanirizo ry'amakuru AFP rivuga ko ibitero vy'aba Taliban vyatumye impunzi z'abanye-Afghanistan n'ingabo za reta bajabuka umupaka bahungira muri Tajikistan.

Aba Taliban bavugwa kandi ko bagenzura uturere tutari duke turi ku rubibe, harimwo Spin Boldak, umuhora ukomeye winjira muri Pakistan.

Amakori arihishwa ku bidandazwa vyinjira mu gihugu biciye ku mihora iri mu minwe yabo atozwa n'aba Taliban - n'aho urugero rw'ayo batoza rutazwi kubera urudandazwa rwagabanutse nk'inkurikizi z'intambara.

Ariko, nk'akarorero, akarere ka Islam Qala kari ku rubibe Afghanistan ihana na Iran, gashobora kwegeranya imiriyoni zirenga 20 z'amadorari y'abanyamerika ku kwezi.

Ihungabana k'uruja n'uruza rw'ibidandazwa ryaragize ingaruka mbi ku biciro vy'ibidandazwa nkenerwa ku masoko - cane cane ibitoro n'ibifungurwa.

Andi makuru kuri iyi nkuru yasukanyijwe n'igisata ca BBC gitangaza ibiganiro kuri Afghanistan