Raba ingene Pegasus ikora, iyi logiciel yakozwe na Israel kugira yibe amakuru yose ya terefone yawe

Israel ivuga ko ari co gihugu gifata iya mbere mu buhinga bwa none, ariko rero ibirego vy'uko ineka abamenyeshamakuru n'abaharanira agateka ka muntu biciye muri logiciel yayo Pegasus yakozwe na kompanyi NSO birerekana ko hari icinyegeje inyuma.

Iyi kompanyi NSO ya Israel yashinzwe mu 2010 na Shalev Hulio hamwe na Omri Lavie ikaba ifise icicaro i Herzliya mu buraruko bwa Tel Aviv, ikunze kunegurwa kubera logiciel yayo ya Pegasus.

Ni umugera, hampande y'uko winjira mu makuru yose ya terefone ngendanwa, wigarurira camera na micro vyayo.

Ku wa Mungu, ibinyamakuru mpuzamakungu 17 vyashize ahabona amakuru avuga ko n'imiburiburi abanyamakuru 180, abanyaporitike 600, abaharanira agateka ka muntu 85 canke abagwizatunga 65 banetswe bakibwa amabanga yabo hakoreshejwe Pegasus.

Muri Israel, iyi logiciel ifatwa nk'"ikirwanisho", kandi kugira ngo igurishwe ku bisata vy'igendereza vy'ibindi bihugu, ni ngombwa ko ubushikiranganji bwa Israel bujejwe kwivuna abansi bubanza gutanga uruhusha.

Ku wa mbere NSO yarabihakanye mw'itangazo yasohoye ivuga ko ari "ibirego bitagira ishingiro", ivuga ko ikoreshwa gusa mu bikorwa vyo "kurokora ubuzima no gukinga ubugizi bwa nabi n'ibikorwa vy'iterabwoba".

Raba rero ingene Pegasus ikora

Iyi logiciel Pegasus y'ikompanyi NSO ya Israel, ivugwa ko ikoreshwa mu kuneka abaharanira agateka ka muntu, abamenyeshamakuru n'abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi mu bihugu bitandukanye kw'isi, ikoresha ubuhinga buhanitse bwo kwigarurira amaterefone ngendanwa y'abantu.

Imaze kwinjira muri terefone, Pegasus ivoma amakuru y'ibanga yose ya nyeneyo (emails, ubutumwa, amafoto, …) ikayashira ku mbuga hwaniro za NSO zibandanya zihindurwa kugira ngo abantu ntibahave bazihinyura.

Alan Woodward, umwigisha mu bijanye n'umutekano nyabwonko (cybersécurité /cybersecurity) kuri kaminuza ya Surrey (mu Bwongereza) aragabisha ati: "Ni nk'uko uba wasize terefone yawe mu minwe y'uwundi muntu".

Ubu busuma bw'aya makuru nyene terefone nta n'uko abica n'ikanda, kandi ku materefone ya Android ntuzigera ubona ikimenyetso na kimwe ko wibwe amabanga. Nico gituma amatohoza ya Amnesty International yashizwe ahabona ku wa Mungu, yakorewe ku materefone akoresha Apple.

None ni gute bashobora kwinjira muri terefone z'abantu?

Muri kahise kayo katabonwa kumwe kizweko na Amnesty, NSO yakoresha ama SMS y'ububeshi, ubutumwa bwo kuri WhatsApp, iMessage, umuziki wa Apple…

Mu myaka mike iheze, ukoreye kuri yo, nk'akarorero gufyonda ku kiraro (link/lien), nico cari gikenewe kugira ngo amakuru yawe kuri terefone yibwe (hacking).

Ariko muri kino gihe, ibi ntibinagikenewe kugira ngo Pegasus ishobore kwinjira muri terefone yawe.

Nk'ikompanyi ikoresha abakozi barenga 1000, NSO ni ikompanyi nini cane ikoresha abasuma nyabwonko (hackers) bo ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibi bikayituma ishobora kwama ironka igihe cose uburyo bwo kwinjira mu materefone.

None birashoboka kwirinda ubu bunetsi?

Ego kandi oya.

Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bushobora gutuma ubu busuma bugorana ni ugushira ku gihe terefone yawe canke kuyizimya rimwe ku musi, kuko ibikorwa nk'ibi bituma imigera nk'iyi bitayorohera gukora.

Urashobora kandi no kugura ama programmes yo gukingira terefone yawe, ariko si benshi bayakoresha, "kubera abantu bumva ko batekaniwe cane kuri terefone gusumba ku nyabwonko", nk'uko Bobe abivuga n'agahinda.

Nk'uko bivugwa n'uyu muhinga, biragoye kuronka uburyo bwo kwikingira ijana kw'ijana.

Avuga ati: "Iyo umuntu ashatse kwigaruria terefone ngendanwa kandi afise uburyo bukomeye bwo kubikora (…), arabishikako nta kibuza".

Kubera iyo mpamvu, ahanura abo bantu bafise amakuru akomeye canke y'ibanga ko, nimba bashaka kwikingira, bokoresha twa duterefone twa kera tudafise inyabwonko (non-smart mobile phones).