Electricity and magnetism

Magnetism is due to the magnetic fields around magnets. The fields can be investigated by looking at the effects of the forces they exert on other magnets and magnetic materials.

The motion of charged particles causes electrical effects, small shocks, lightning and sparks. Electrical fields cause forces to act on charged particles.

Electrical currents transfer energy around circuits. There are two types of currents: direct and alternating.

Electrical appliances are designed with features to keep us safe. Electricity can be dangerous due to factors such as there being damp, a wire is damaged or a plug socket overload.

Electromagnetic induction can create a voltage by movement of a conductor in a magnetic field. The voltage makes current flow, and the effect is used in generation and microphones.

Scientists James Stewart and Ellie Hurer guide you through the key facts about electricity for IGCSE physics.