Equations of curves - Intermediate & Higher tier – WJECSolving quadratic equations graphically - Higher

Quadratic, cubic and exponential graphs are three different types of curved graphs. We can use them to solve equations relating to the graph.

Part ofMathsAlgebra

Solving quadratic equations graphically - Higher only

Curved graphs can be used to solve equations. The points at which the curve crosses a particular line on the graph are the solutions to the equation.

Example

If we want to solve the equation \(\text{x}^2+\text{x}-\text{2 = 0}\), we need to look at the graph of \(\text{y = x}^2+\text{x}-\text{2}\).

The solutions to the equation are the points where \(\text{y = 0}\), ie where the graph crosses the \({x}\)-axis.

A graph showing the equation y = x squared + x - 2.

The graph crosses the \({x}\)-axis at \(\text{x = -2}\) and \(\text{x = 1}\), so these are the solutions to the equation \(\text{x}^2+\text{x}-\text{2 = 0}\).

If instead we want to solve \(\text{x}^2+\text{x}-\text{2 = 10}\), we need to look at the points where \(\text{y = 10}\).

To do this, we can draw the line \(\text{y = 10}\) on the graph. The solutions are where the curve crosses this line.

The graph for the equation y = x squared + x – 2 with a line across at y = 10, with circles around the points where it crosses the curve.

The curve crosses the line at the points \(\text{x = -4}\) and \(\text{x = 3}\) so these are the solutions to the equation \(\text{x}^2+\text{x}-\text{2 = 10}\).

Question

Solve the quadratic equation \(\text{x}^2+\text{3x}-\text{10 = 0}\) by first drawing the graph \(\text{y = x}^2+\text{3x}-\text{10}\).