Linking questions
Linking questions span different topics. In linking questions, it is important that you plan your answer and do not just rush into it. After all, you would plan an essay or short story before starting. Without a plan it is easy to stray away from the key point and lose marks, get steps in a process in the wrong order or forget key bits of information. Remember to write your answer in full sentences, not bullet points.
One way to answer linking questions is to follow these steps:
- Identify exactly what the question is asking (perhaps by underlining key parts).
- Identify what the link between the two parts of the question is.
- Make a short plan of these links (which will form the basis of your answer).
- Include as much information as you can to obtain full marks (see below).
The number of marks per question part is given in this form '[4 marks]'. It is essential that you give four different answers if a question is worth four marks. Sometimes you can gain an additional mark by giving the units in a calculation or stating specific data points, eg after twenty-four hours the pH of the milk at room temperature had decreased by 1.2.
Linking questions will start with command words such as 'describe' or 'explain'.
Some command words are easy to understand such as:
- 'calculate' or 'determine' for maths questions
- 'choose' for multiple-choice questions
- 'complete' to fill in a gap in a table or graph
- 'define' to give the meaning of an important word
- 'suggest' where you use your knowledge in an unfamiliar situation
The command words 'describe' and 'explain' can be confused. If you are asked to describe a graph, you will be expected to write about its overall shape, whether it is linear or curved, the slope of gradients etc. If you are asked to explain why a pattern or trend is seen in a graph, you will be expected to use your science knowledge not just say what you see (which is a description), eg the graph shows that the biodiversity is lower on the school field. This is because…
'Explain how' and 'explain why' questions often have the word 'because' in their answer. Describe questions don't.
These questions have been written by Bitesize consultants as suggestions to the types of questions that may appear in an exam paper.
Sample question 1 - Foundation
Question
When milk goes off, bacteria break down the sugars in the milk using an enzyme to catalyse the reaction. Explain why the milk goes off more slowly in the fridge than when it is left at room temperature. [3 marks]
Three of:
- at low temperatures in the fridge the rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction is low
- the sugar in the milk is broken down more slowly
- at room temperature the rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction is faster
- the sugars in the milk are broken down more quickly and the milk goes off faster
Sample question 2 - Foundation
Question
The population of daisies in a field was not spread equally across the field. There were more daisies in the middle of the field, compared to round the shaded edges. Suggest why the distribution of daisies was different in different areas of the field. [2 marks]
- Daisies in the middle of the field get more light.
- They can carry out photosynthesis at a faster rate to make their own food.
OR
- Daisies at the edge of the field get less light.
- They can only carry out photosynthesis at a slow rate so die.
Sample question - Higher
Question
Suggest why the decomposition of dead fish in a pond occurred quickly even though there was little or no oxygen in the water.
- The decomposers/microorganisms in the pond.
- Used anaerobic respiration to break down the dead fish.
- Therefore the decomposers could survive without oxygen.
