Developing the atmosphere - AQAHow oxygen increased

The early atmosphere was mainly carbon dioxide and water vapour. Water vapour condensed to form the oceans. Photosynthesis caused the amount of carbon dioxide to decrease and oxygen to increase.

Part ofCombined ScienceChemistry of the atmosphere

How oxygen increased

Plants make their own food by . In this process, carbon dioxide is reacted with water to produce glucose, with oxygen as a :

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) → C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g)

Scientists think that first evolved approximately 2.7 billion years ago, and soon after this oxygen began to exist in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis by primitive plants and algae released oxygen, which gradually built up in the atmosphere. Eventually, the amount of oxygen present in the atmosphere enabled animals to evolve.

Green algae cells, viewed through using electron microscope
Image caption,
Green algae cells viewed using an electron microscope