8. Groups in the periodic table

Available for over a year

In this episode, Dr Sunayana Bhargava and Tulela Pea look at Groups 1, 7 and 0 of the Periodic table, exploring the properties of the elements in each Group. Suitable for: AQA, Edexcel, OCR. For more information on groups in the periodic table, check out the BBC Bitesize website: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/ztrxdxs/revision/1 Key learning objectives discussed in this episode include: - The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table are known as the alkali metals and have characteristic properties because of the single electron in their outer shell. - Students should be able to describe the reactions of the first three alkali metals with oxygen, chlorine and water. - In Group 1, the reactivity of the elements increases going down the group. - The elements in Group 7 of the periodic table are known as the halogens and have similar reactions because they all have seven electrons in their outer shell. The halogens are non-metals and consist of molecules made of pairs of atoms. - Students should be able to describe the nature of the compounds formed when chlorine, bromine and iodine react with metals and non-metals. - In Group 7, the further down the group an element is the higher its relative molecular mass, melting point and boiling point. - In Group 7, the reactivity of the elements decreases going down the group. - A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt. - The elements in Group 0 of the periodic table are called the noble gases. They are unreactive and do not easily form molecules because their atoms have stable arrangements of electrons. The noble gases have eight electrons in their outer shell, except for helium, which has only two electrons. - The boiling points of the noble gases increase with increasing relative atomic mass (going down the group). - TRIPLE ONLY: The transition elements are metals with similar properties which are different from those of the elements in Group 1. Students should be able to describe the difference compared with Group 1 in melting points, densities, strength, hardness and reactivity with oxygen, water and halogens. - Students should be able to exemplify these general properties by reference to Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu. - Many transition elements have ions with different charges, form coloured compounds and are useful as catalysts. Presented by Dr Sunayana Bhargava and Tulela Pea ‘NNICK’ written and performed by Nick Romero Written and Produced by Julian Mayers Exec Producer: Chris Wilson A Yada-Yada Audio Production for BBC Bitesize and BBC Sounds