Uburusiya muri Afrika: Ingene amakuru atari yo yiziziye uyu mugabane

Na Grigor Atanesian

Global Disinformation Team

Urubuga rwadutse ku mbuga hwaniro rurwanya Uburengero rugashimagiza Kremlin ruriko rurafasha Uburusiya kwiyagurira akarere Ubufaransa nabwo buterwa ivyatsi mu bihugu bimwe bimwe vya Afrika bwahoze butwara gikoloni.

Uru rubuga ruzwi kw’izina rya Russosphère (Akarere k’Uburusiya), ubutumwa buhacishwa bwagiriza Ubufaransa “ubukoloni bwa none ”, bugashimagiza Vladimir Putin, bukita igisirikare ca Ukraine “aba-Nazi” n’”abakozi ba shetani”, ari na yo mvugo y’Uburusiya.

Ubu butumwa kandi bushimira umurwi w’abacangero b’Abarusiya Wagner – mbere bukaba burimwo n’amakuru ajanye no kwinjira mu barwanyi bawo mu gihe abasanzwe bakurikira uru rubuga boba bashaka kwinjira.

Abahinga bavuga ko aya makuru atari yo atuma haba ukutizerana hagati y’ibihugu vya Afrika n’Uburengero, kandi akaba anatuma uyu mugabane udashigikira Ukraine.

Mu gukorana na Logically, ikompanyi y’ubuhinga bwa none yakurikiranye uru rubuga, igisata ca BBC gikurikirana amakuru atari yo azunguruka kw’isi (BBC's Global Disinformation Team) yarondeye kumenya umuntu atangaje ari inyuma yarwo: umunyaporitike w’Umubirigi w’imyaka 65 avuga ko agendera ku vyiyumviro vya Staline.

Urubuga ruvugira Uburusiya rugashimagiza Wagner

Russosphère ivuga ko ari "urubuga rurwanira Uburusiya ". Rwashinzwe mu 2021 ariko rukaba rwagiye kuja ahabona muri Ruhuhuma (2) 2022 – imisi mikeya imbere y’igitero c’Uburusiya kuri Ukraine, rukaba rugizwe n’imirwi itari mike y’imbuga zitandukanye. Rudatevye, uru rubuga rwaronse abanywanyi 80.000.

Inyuma y’igitero, ibinyamakuru vy’Uburusiya vyarazibiwe canke birabuzwa ku mbuga hwaniro nyamukuru. Russosphère yoyo ntiyabujijwe, mbere ica itangura ubwo nyene gukorera kuri Facebook, You Tube na Twitter hampande ya Telegram na VK – isura yindi ya Facebook yakorewe mu Burusiya.

Uru rubuga rwamenyekanye mu gihe imigenderanire hagati y’Ubufaransa n’ibihugu bitari bike yatitutse, ivyo abahinga bavuga ko vyavuye ahanini kw’itsimbatara ry’imigenderanire na Kremlin hamwe n’ivyiyumviro bishigikira Uburusiya bigenda vyongerezwa n’uku kwamamaza Uburusiya.

Kyle Walter ni umukuru w’igisata kijejwe igendereza ca Amerika muri Logically. Ikoresheje amakuru y’igendereza ryayo ikayashira hamwe n’igendereza rimaze gukorwa rigashirwa ahabona, Logically yarakurikiranye uru rubuga gushika aho ishika ku mu muntu yitwa Luc Michel.

Muri kahise, Luc Michel yarakoze ibishoboka vyose mu kwemeza amatora yatunganijwe mu turere twa Ukraine twigaruriwe n’Uburusiya, kandi akaba afitaniye isano na "Merci [urakoze] Wagner", umurwi ushigikiye ibikorwa vy’uyu murwi w’abacangero b’Uburusiya.

Twaregereye Luc Michel aremera kuvuga ibijanye na Russosphère. Yatubwiye ko yayitanguje ariko akavuga ko ata mfashanyo y’amafaranga yigeze ihabwa n’Uburusiya, akavuga ko ironka amafaranga “ku giti cayo”.

Ashimangira kandi ko ata bucuti afitaniye na Wagner n’umukuru wayo Yevgeny Prigozhin. Ati: "Jewe nkora intambara yo ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi, intambara yo mu binyamakuru….mugabo Prigozhin wewe akora ibikorwa vya gisirikare”.

Nk’uko Walter, umwe mu banditse icegeranyo kuri Logically, abivuga, ibi bikorwa vya Michel ni bwo bwa mbere bigize ingaruka nyazo.

Ati: "Russosphère, ni bwo bwa mbere Luc Michel n’ibikorwa vyiwe vyo kwamamaza bigize uruhara rukomeye.

"N’ubwo mu ntango iyi mirwi yaboneka ko ata kinini yari ivuze, ubu ni isekeza rikomeye, rifise abanywanyi batari bake muri Afrika”.

Umukunzi wa Gaddafi na Putin

Akahise ka Michel gashobora kuboneka umengo ntigasanzwe kuri uyu muntu yiyita umugenzi wa Afrika.

Yavutse mu 1958 akaba yatanguye poritike akiri muto, ubwa mbere akaba yakorera mu mirwi ishigikiye ubutegetsi bw’agahotoro mu gihugu ciwe c’Ububirigi, hanyuma mu nyuma agendera ku vyiyumviro vya Jean Thiriart yahoze akorana n’Abanazi, kandi afise intumbero yo gushinga “ubutegetsi bw’igisoviyeti, kuva i Vladivostok [igisagara kiri ku mpera y’Uburusiya mu Buseruko] gushika i Dublin [umugwa mukuru wa Irlande du Nord mu burengero bwa Bulaya]", urunani rwo kurwanya Amerika.

Amabanga yiwe yamushikanye muri Libya gushigikira umukuru w’ico gihugu ico gihe, Muammar Gaddafi. Yarashitse no mu Burundi nk’umuhanuzi w’uwari umukuru w’igihugu Pierre Nkurunziza.

Ico gihe cose, yabandanije afitaniye ubucuti bwa hafi n’Uburusiya, aho yakorana na "Nashi", umurwi w’urwaruka rwa Kremlin, yongera ashinga n’umurwi wiwe “ujejwe gukurikirana amatora” ari na wo wemeje ko amatora ya kamarampaka yateguwe na Moscou mu 2014 muri Crimea, muri Donetsk na Luhansk “yagenze neza kandi yisanzuye”.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Ngendera ku vyiyumviro vya Staline. Ngwanira Uburusiya kuva mu myaka ya 1980. Nibaza ko Uburusiya ari zo nguvu zonyene zisigaye i Bulaya zirwanya Amerika. Ndakumbuye cane Ubumwe bw’Abasoviyeti. Ndipfuza kubona isi irangwa n’ubwigenge itarimwo Amerika”.

Kuva ku mbuga hwaniro gushika mu mabarabara

Abihweza ibintu n’ibindi babona ko bigoye kubona ingaruka z’amasekeza adasanzwe yo gutanga amakuru atari yo, ariko muri Afrika ubutumwa bushigikira Uburusiya burumvirizwa – bugashitswa kure n’abo Uburusiya bwateguye kugira ngo babufashe.

Kevin Limonier, umwigisha wo kuri Kaminuza ya Paris-8 akurikiranira hagufi ibikorwa vya Moscou bijanye n’ugukwiragiza amakuru muri Afrika, avuga ati: "Intsinzi y'abantu nka Luc Michel ni ukubera ko arwanya Ubufaransa. Ishingira ku ngorane ziba zihari”.

Ulf Laessing wo mu kigo Konrad Adenauer Foundation agira ati: "Amakuru atari yo akwiragizwa n’Uburusiya yaragize uruhara mu kwirukana ingabo z’Ubufaransa mu bihugu vya Sahel”.

Kuva mu 2013, ingabo z’Ubufaransa zababa 5000 zari zarungitswe kurwanya inyeshamba ziyitirira idini rya Islam muri Mali hamwe no muri Burkina Faso, Tchad, Niger na Mauritania. Ariko mu mwaka uheze, zaravanywe muri Mali, ubu naho zikaba ziriko ziritegura kuva muri Burkina Faso.

Bamaze igihe baterwa igitsure n’ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare muri ivyo bihugu ariko Beverly Ochieng wo muri BBC Monitoring (igisata ca BBC gikurikirana amakuru avurwa irya n'ino) aremera ko ivyiyumviro biri mu gihugu navyo vyagize uruhara.

Uyu mugore agira ati: "Abari mu myiyerekano muri Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger na Tchad bari bafise amabendera y’Uburusiya, kandi ibi ni bimwe mu ngaruka z’igikorwa c’Uburusiya co gukwiragiza amakuru atari yo”.

Muri Burkina Faso, abari mu myiyerekano barateye ibiro vy’ubuserukizi bw’Ubufaransa, kandi bumviswe basaba ko hoba ubucuti bwa hafi hagati ya Ouagadougou (umugwa mukuru wa Burkina Faso) na Moscou.

Ibi biri mu ntumbero za Michel nk’uko yabwiye BBC ati: "Nibaza ko Uburusiya butegerezwa gusubirira Ubufaransa muri Afrika yose”.

Limonier, umuhinga mu bijanye n’amasekeza ya Kremlin yo gukwiragiza amakuru, avuga ati: "Gupima urugero rw’ingaruka z’ibikorwa vyo gukwiragiza amakuru ni ikintu gisa n’ikidashoboka”.

Ariko hari ikintu kimwe kigaragara: ibi bikorwa birateye ubwoba Uburengero.

I Paris, nk’uko Limonier abivuga, "abajejwe imigenderanire hamwe n’igisirikare, barabisoma, bakavuga bati: ‘Yooo, Mana yanje’.”