Urugendo rwa Emmanuel Macron mu guhangana n'Uburusiya muri Afrika

Libreville, Luanda, Brazzaville, Kinshasa - Prezida w'Ubufaransa Emmanuel Macron ariko aragira urugendo ku migwa mikuru ya Afrika anashaka guhindura politike y'Ubufaransa kuri uwo mugabane mu kutivanga mu vyagisirikare.

Ntawomurenganya ngo ntiyitaho Afrika - rubaye urugendo rwiwe rwa 18 - ariko uru rubaye mu gihe hari uguhiganwa gukomeye n'Ubushinwa hamwe n'Uburusiya, hamwe kandi no kutabona kumwe imigenderanire y'ubutunzi ikomeye Ubufarana bufitaniye n'ibihugu bwahoze bukolonije, bamwe babona ko ari ubundi buryo bwo kuguma musi y'ibirenge bwabwo.

Kandi avuga ashimitse ko azoguma agaruka kuri uwo mugabane afata ko ari ngombwa ko bakorana n'Uburaya mu gutorera inyishu ibibazo vy'ingutu bizoba bihanze isi mu myaka iri imbere.

N'aho Ukraine iri hejuru y'ibindi biganirwako ku rwego mpuzamakungu, Macron avuga ko Ubufaransa n'Uburaya bidashobora kwirengagiza Afrika. Irimwo ingorane ariko kandi irafise n'ico yofasha mw'iterambere, uravye uko iguma itera imbere, nk'uko abandanya abivuga, bizofasha mu guteza imbere ubutunzi bwa Buraya muri kazoza.

Prezida Macron kandi arazi neza uburyo ibindi bihugu biriko birarondera kugira igihagararo mu bihugu biri musi y'ubugaragwa bwa Sahara.

Mu ntumbero yo kugarukana igihagararo uburusiya bwahorana kuva myaka y'intambara iteruye, Uburusiya buratanga imfashanyo muvyo umutekano ku mareta abona ko ageramiwe canke yahariwe ivomo n'amakungu: Abacangero bafitaniye ubucuti n'Uburusiya, Wagner, barakorera ubu mu gihugu ca Mali no mu gihugu ca Centrafrique, aho bagirizwa gusinzikaza agateka ka zina muntu.

Ubushinwa butanga imfashanyo nyinshi cane bukaba bunubaka ibintu vyinshi, ivyo Macron atinya ko bishobora gutuma ibihugu bimwe bimwe bishobora kugwa mu mutego w'akaga k'amadeni. Turkia n'Ubuhindi na vyo biriko birazanana inguvu.

Hanyuma mu karere kose, urwanko rw'abafaransa rubandanya rukongerwa n'ubutumwa buca ku mbuga hwaniro, Ubufaransa gushika ubu butaratorera inyishu nyayo.

Mu butumwa burebure bwo ku musi wa mbere ku mugoroba, mu ntumbero yo gutegura urworugendo, Macro yarerekanye umukenyuro wiwe kugira Ubufaransa bugume bufise ijambo muri ako karere kariko karahiganirwa. Bwari ubutumwa bugenewe abanye Afrika hamwe n'abanyagihugu biwe.

Ntiyibaza ko Ubufaransa butegerezwa kugerageza kunganya n'Uburusiya mu gufasha muvyo umutekano mu gusubira kuzana abasirikare babwo kugira bunganye n'utwigoro tw'Uburusiya muri ico gisata.

Ivyo ari vyo vyose, nticoba ari iciyumviro ciza mu gihe Ubufaransa bwahatiwe gukura abasirikare babwo muri Mali na Burkina Faso, aho intwaro za gisirikare ziri ku butegetsi ziriko zirarondera kwitandukanya n'ico gihugu cahoze gikolonije ivyo bihugu ko ari bibiri.

Mu kibanza co kurungika abasirikare, Ubufaransa bushaka gushira imfashanyo mu vyigwa nkarishabwenge hamwe n'ubuhinga ku basirikare bo muri Afrika, ku gitigiri gito c'abo basirikare; hamwe no gufashanya mu vya gisirikare hafatiwe kuvyo igihugu kanaka gikeneye.

Muri iyi ndwi, Macron yateye iyindi ntambwe muri iyo nzira, aho yamenyesheje ko amakambi ya gisirikare asigaye muri Afrika - muri Senegal, Cote d'Ivoire na Gabon - agiye kugenzurirwa hamwe n'ivyo bihugu arimwo kandi ajemwo n'abasirikare bangana ku mpande zose, mbere banakire n'abandi bavuye ahandi mu gihe ayo mareta yoba avyipfuza. Ikambi yonyene izogumana abaasirikare b'abafaransa ata n'umwe abavaanze n'iyo muri Djibuti, iri ku kiyaga gitukura.

Yavuze ko ikambi ya gisirikare iri Abdjan muri Cote d'Ivoire iri ahantu heza ku myimenyerezo y'abasirikare bo mu bihugu bitandukanye vyo mu burengero ubu biriko birakorera hamwe mu kugwanya imigwi y'abajihadiste ngo ntimenere mu bumanuko.

Ariko kandi ararajwe ishinga n'uko ubufaransa bufasha mu bintu bitandukanye, harimwo akaranga, kahise, abimukira, ubudandaji, iterambere canke isubirwamwo ry'ifaraanga rya CFA - ifaranga rikoreshwa mu bihugu 14, ariko rigenda ryisunga ifaranga rya Buraya ku gaciro karyo.

Hari ukwiyongera kw'abagwanyaa ikoreshwa ry'iryo faraanga, aho abantu bamwe barifataa nko kubandanya gutegekwa n'abazungu, n'aho abarishigikiye bavuga ko rifasha kugira ntihabe ihungabana ry'ubutunzi.

Macron yavuze ubwa mbere ivyo mw'ijambo ryakwiragiye hose muri Afrika mu kwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 20117, imbere y'abanyeshure bari bakoraniye mu cumba c'amanama muri kaminuza ya Ouagadougou muri Burkina Faso.

Kandi yabandanije uko mu myaka itanu yose iheze, mu ntumbero yo guhindura uko izo mpandi zibiri zibibona.

Amareta yahora mu Bufaransa, cane cane mu myaka ya 90, yari yarashatse guhindura ubucuti budasanzwe bwari hagati y'impande zose mu bategetsi ba Afrika n'Ubufaransa bwitwa mu majambo make "Francafrique", bwimukira ahubwo mu gufasha cane muri demokrasi no mw'iterambere kuva ku nzego zo hasi.

Ariko Macron yarashitse kure mu kuvuga ku bihe bibabaje rimwe na rimwe biteye n'isoni vya kahise, mu gusaba abize akahise ngo bakore ivyegeranyo ata ho begamiye ku ruhara rw'Ubufaransa mu ntambara yo kwikukira y'igihugu ca Algeria n'ivyabaye igihe haba jenoside mu Rwanda mu 1994.

Umugambi wo gusubiza ubutunzi bwibwe mu gihe c'ubukoloni uramaze gutuma hasubizwa inkota yari yibwe muri Senegal hamwe n'igice c'uruhimbi rw'i bwami muri Madagascaar, mu gihe ibintu vyibwe mu bwami bwa Dahomey vyasubijwe igihugu ca Benin hakaba haarabaye n'umwumvikano wo gusubiza ingoma yo muri Cote d'Ivoire.

Iruhande y'utwo twigoro two gusubiza hamwe kuri ako kahise, Macron aguma arondera kunga ubucuti muvyo akaranga no guhanahana ivyiyumviro. Yaramenyesheje imigambi yo guteza imbere kwinonora imitsi (sport) hamwe no kworohereza abanye Afrika bashaka kuja kubandanya igice ca kabiri ca kaminuza mu gihugu c'Ubufaransa kuronka visa.

Ariko umwimbu w'utwo twigoro, cane cane mu maso y'abanye Afrika, ntiwigeze uboneka mu myaka aho vyasa n'uko Ubufaransa bwari burajwe ishinga ahanini n'ibikorwa vya gisirikare mu kugwanya imigwi yitwaje ibigwanisho mu karere ka Sahel.

Kubera kutavuga rumwe ku bikorwa vya gisirikare vy'Ubufaransa Barkhane, Ico gihugu caruhiye kuva muri Mali mu kwezi kw'umunani umwaka uheze. Ibi vyaje kwongereza ugukunda igihugu mu bihugu bimwe bimwe hamwe n'urwanko ku bafaransa mu bihugu nka vyose bivuga igifaransa mu burengero no muri Afrika yo hagati na cane cane mu rwaruka rwo mu bisagara.

Inyuma yo gutanguza impinduka igana ku gufashanya muvya gisirikare bidashoka bigaragara no gukorana ku mpande zose, Macron ariko aragerageza gukoresha uru rugendo mu bihugu bine muri iyi ndwi kugira akomeze uwo mugambi munini wo gusubiramwo no guhindura ibintu.

Ariko n'uru rugendo ruzogeramirwa n'ingorane zidasanzwe za politike zisanzwe zizwi.

Imyiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza Ubufaransa yarabaye muri Republika ya Demokrasi ya Congo imbere y'urwo rugendo rwiwe.

Hanyuba abagwanya ubutegetsi bwa Ali Bongo Odimba na Felix Tshisekedi baridoga ko urugendo rwiwe rushobora gufatwa nko kwisuka mu biraba ivyo bihugu mu gushaka guha isura nziza abo bategetsi muri uyu mwaka w'amatora kuri ivyo bihugu bibiri.